2023年12月英语四级真题和答案第二套.doc

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1、2023年12月 英语四级 【第二套】真题和答案完整版Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on how to best handle the relationship between parents and children. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.低档拿分版Nowadays, there has been a heate

2、d discussion as to the relationship between parents and children. Views on the topic vary greatly among people from different walks of life. Some believe that parents should spend more time with their children, but others consider it better to ask children to show more understanding towards their pa

3、rents.On one hand, I agree with the idea that as children, we should show more understanding and appreciate the love and life our parents have provided us with. Therefore, we could help our parents at home, say, share some of the housework. Furthermore, we could also tell them “I love you” every day

4、 to thank them. On the other hand, working parents are busy and have great pressure, so it is likely that they neglect their kids. Hence, to improve their relationship, parents could sit down and talk with their children, listen to their problems, help them and respect them.However, from my perspect

5、ive, this is not one mans job. Both parents and children should work to understand each other. Thus, it is crucial to have effective communication. Only in this way can the relationship between parents and children be improved!阅读部分Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In th

6、is section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corr

7、esponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. We all know there exists a great void（空白）in the public educational system when it comes to 26 to STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics

8、) courses. One educator named Dori Roberts decided to do something to change this system. Dori taught high school engineering for 11 years. She noticed there was a real void in quality STEM education at all 27 of the public educational system. She said, “I started Engineering For Kids (EFK) after no

9、ticing a real lack of math, science and engineering programs to 28 my own kids in.” She decided to start an afterschool program where children 29 in STEM-based competitions. The club grew quickly and when it reached 180 members and the kids in the program won several state 30 , she decided to devote

10、 all her time to cultivating and 31 it. The global business EFK was born. Dori began operating EFK out of her Virginia home, which she then expanded to 32 recreation centers. Today, the EFK program 33 over 144 branches in 32 states within the United States and in 21 countries. Sales have doubled fro

11、m $5 million in 2023 to $10 million in 2023, with 25 new branches planned for 2023. The EFK website states, “Our nation is not 34 enough engineers. Our philosophy is to inspire kids at a young age to understand that engineering is a great 35 .”答案：26. G) exposure27. L) levels28. F) enroll29. O) parti

12、cipated30. C) championships31. E) developing32. M) local33. N) operates34. J) graduating35. B) careerSection BDirection: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fro

13、m which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2.Why arent you curious about what happened?A) “You suspended Ray Rice after our video,” a reporter from TMZ

14、 challenged National Football League Commissioner Roger Goodell the other day. ”Why didnt you have the curiosity to go to the casino(赌场) yourself?” The implication of the question is that a more curious commissioner would have found a way to get the tape.B) The accusation of incuriosity is one that

15、we hear often, carrying the suggestion that there is something wrong with not wanting to search out the truth. “I have been bothered for a long time about the curious lack of curiosity,” said a Democratic member of the New Jersey legislature back in July, referring to an insufficiently inquiring att

16、itude on the part of an assistant to New Jersey Governor Chris Christie who chose not to ask hard questions about the George Washington Bridge traffic scandal. “Isnt the mainstream media the least bit curious about what happened?” wrote conservative writer Jennifer Rubin earlier this year, referring

17、 to the attack on Americans in Benghazi, Libya.C) The implication, in each case, is that curiosity is a good thing, and a lack of curiosity is a problem. Are such accusations simply efforts to score political points for ones party? Or is there something of particular value about curiosity in and of

18、itself?D) The journalist Ian Leslie, in his new and enjoyable book Curious: The Desire to Know and Why Your Future Depends on It, insists that the answer to that last question is “Yes”. Leslie argues that curiosity is a much-overlooked human virtue, crucial to our success, and that we are losing it.

19、E) We are suffering, he writes, from a “serendipity deficit.” The word “serendipity” was coined by Horace Walpole in an 1854 letter, from a tale of three princes who “were always making discoveries, by accident, of things they were not in search of.” Leslie worries that the rise of the Internet, amo

20、ng other social and technological changes, has reduced our appetite for aimless adventures. No longer have we the inclination to let ourselves wander through fields of knowledge, ready to be surprised. Instead, we seek only the information we want.F) Why is this a problem? Because without curiosity

21、we will lose the spirit of innovation and entrepreneurship. We will see unimaginative governments and dying corporations make disastrous decisions. We will lose a vital part of what has made humanity as a whole so successful as a species.G) Leslie presents considerable evidence for the proposition t

22、hat the society as a whole is growing less curious. In the U.S. and Europe, for example, the rise of the Internet has led to a declining consumption of news from outside the readers borders. But not everything is to be blamed on technology. The decline in interest in literary fiction is also one of

23、the causes identified by Leslie. Reading literary fiction, he says, make us more curious.H) Moreover, in order to be curious , ” you have to aware of a gap in your knowledge in the first place.” Although Leslie perhaps paints a bit broadly in contending that most of us are unaware of how much we don

24、t know, hes surely right to point out that the problem is growing:”Google can give us the powerful illusion that all questions have definite answers.”I) Indeed, Google, for which Leslie expresses admiration, is also his frequent whipping boy（替罪羊）.He quotes Google co-founder Larry Page to the effect

25、that the “ perfect search engine” will “understand exactly what I mean and give me back exactly what I want.” Elsewhere in the book. Leslie writes：“Google aims to save you from the thirst of curiosity altogether.”J) Somewhat nostalgically（怀旧地），he quote John Maynard Keyness justly famous words of pra

26、ise to the bookstore:”One should enter it vaguely, almost in a dream, and allow what is there freely to attract and influence the eye. To walk the rounds of the bookshops, dipping in as curiosity dictates, should be an afternoons entertainment.” If only!K) Citing the work of psychologists and cognit

27、ive（认知的）scientists, Leslie criticizes the received wisdom that academic success is the result of a combination of intellectual talent and hard work. Curiosity, he argues, is the third key factorand a difficult one to preserve. If not cultivated, it will not survive：“Childhood curiosity is a collabor

28、ation between child and adult. The surest way to kill it is to leave it alone.”L) School education, he warns, is often conducted in a way that makes children incurious. Children of educated and upper-middle-class parents turn out to be far more curious, even at early ages, than children of working c

29、lass and lower class families. That lack of curiosity produces a relative lack of knowledge, and the lack of knowledge is difficult if not impossible to compensate for later on.M) Although Leslies book isnt about politics, he doesnt entirely shy away from the problem. Political leaders, like leaders

30、 of other organizations, should be curious. They should ask questions at crucial moments. There are serious consequences, he warns, in not wanting to know.N) He presents as an example the failure of the Geogre W. Bush administration to prepare properly for the after-effects of the invasion of Iraq.

31、According to Leslie, those who ridiculed former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld for his 2023 remark that we have to be wary of the “unknown unknowns” were mistaken. Rumsfelds idea, Leslie writes, “wasnt absurdit was smart.” He adds, “The tragedy is that he didnt follow his own advice.”O) All of wh

32、ich brings us back to Goodell and the Christie case and Benghazi. Each critic in those examples is charging, in a different way, that someone in authority is intentionally being incurious. I leave it to the readers political preference to decide which, if any, charges should stick. But lets be caref

33、ul about demanding curiosity about the other sides weaknesses and remaining determinedly incurious about our own. We should be delighted to pursue knowledge for its own sakeeven when what we find out is something we didnt particularly want to know.36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all t

34、hat there are many things we dont know.37. According to Leslie, curiosity is essential to ones success.38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledges sake.39. Political leaders lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.40. There are often accusations about politicians and t

35、he medias lack of curiosity to find out the truth.41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to enter

36、tain ourselves.44. Both the rise of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.45. Mankind wouldnt be so innovative without curiosity.答案：H) 36. To be curious, we need to realize first of all that there are many things we dont know.D) 37. Accordin

37、g to Leslie, curiosity is essential to ones success.O) 38. We should feel happy when we pursue knowledge for knowledges sake.M) 39. Political leaders lack of curiosity will result in bad consequences.B) 40. There are often accusations about politicians and the medias lack of curiosity to find out th

38、e truth.L) 41. The less curious a child is, the less knowledge the child may turn out to have.K) 42. It is widely accepted that academic accomplishment lies in both intelligence and diligence.J) 43. Visiting a bookshop as curiosity leads us can be a good way to entertain ourselves.G) 44. Both the ri

39、se of the Internet and reduced appetite for literary fiction contribute to peoples declining curiosity.F) 45. Mankind wouldnt be so innovative without curiosity.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statement. For each of

40、them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Aging happens to all of us, and is generally thought

41、of as a natural part of life. It would seem silly to call such a thing a “disease.”On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In t

42、hat light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.“It

43、unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects,” he said.“Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you cant control,” he said. “IN academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area w

44、here they can try to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range.”But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, “It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matte

45、rs is understand that aging is curable.”“It was always known that the body accumulates damage,” he added. “The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions.”Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California,

46、 San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them.“Therere many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from t

47、heir disease,” Hayflick said. “Even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years.”46. What do people generally believe about aging? A) It should cause not alarm whatsoever. B) They just cannot do anything about it. C) It should be regarded as a ki

48、nd of disease. D) They can delay it with advances in science.47. How do many scientists view aging now?A) It might be prevented and treated. C) It results from a vitamin deficiency.B) It can be as risky as heart disease. D) It is an irreversible biological process.48. What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of describing aging as a disease?A) It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.B) It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.C) It will free pharmacists f