公共英语unit 1.ppt

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1、Unit 1 Changes in the Way We Live1.According to the speech,what is your responsibility?Discover what I am good at.2.How do you shoulder your responsibility?Through Education；set goals formyself.LOGO恒星英语网旺旺英语网普特英语网大耳朵英语网Internet address for English study1.What are the advantages of city life?Convenie

2、nt for shoppingBetter educationEasy access to entertainment facilities and other amenities(便利设施）.More job opportunities2.What are the advantages of countryside life?Less pollutionSafe,clean and attractive environmentSmaller living expensesPeaceful lifeMr.Doherty Builds His Dream LifeText A-to write

3、and live on a farmPart Division of the TextFurther Understanding1.What does the author think of his countryside life?Satisfying and self-reliant2.Is the life in the country always good?It sometimes gets tough.3.How is authors life after he quitted his job?Income was reduced,but he and his family man

4、aged to get by.4.What are needed for the family to enjoy their life in the country?A tolerance for solitude;a lot of energy.Part Division of the TextPartsPara(s)Main Ideas113 247 The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfying one.Life in the country is good yet sometimes v

5、ery hard.PartsPara(s)Main Ideas41215 After he quitted his job,the writers income was reduced,but he and his family can manage to get by.8113A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.A riddle a day一天一一天一谜uA police officer has

6、a brother,but brother doesnt have a brother.How could that be?Because the police officer is a lady.HomeworkuPreview the text AuPresentation(English songs,poems,dramas,speech etc)(Every Wednesday)Thank you!Thank you!Mr.Doherty Builds His Dream LifeText A-to write and live on a farmmountainsmoorlandla

7、kescoastlinenational parksfarmlandpicnicIm not in E.B.Whites class as a writer or in my neighbors league as a farmer.(line 2)E.B.White-a famous American writer-Im not so fine a writer as E.B.White orso good a farmer as my neighbors.Text ComprehensionPart get by:be good enough but not very good;manag

8、e to live or do things in a satisfactory way过得去过得去我父母靠很少的一些我父母靠很少的一些钱凑合着凑合着过下去下去My parents managed to get by on a small amount of money.Our hens keep us in eggs,with several dozen left over to sell each week.Keep sb.in sth.=provide sb.with sth.为某人提供某物Tell the meaning of the phrase“make it”and paraph

9、rase this part of the sentence.The phrase“make it”means“succeed.”The meaning of this part is“With the wood we cut,the family can succeed in getting through the cold winter.”and we cut enough wood to just about make it through the heating season.Text ComprehensionPart 2(Paras4-7)Para4when it was 30 b

10、elow:In the US,Fahrenheit scale is used as follows.Fahrenheit Scale华氏温度华氏温度 Fahrenheit Scale refers to a scale of temperature,first established by the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1715.The unit of temperature is the degree Fahrenheit(),and 0 0 was originally the coldest temperature Fahrenh

11、eit could achieve using a freezing mixture of salt and ice.On his scale,water freezes at 32 and boils at 212(under set atmospheric conditions).No longer used in scientific work,Fahrenheit temperatures still feature in everyday language;hot days“in the eighties”,for example.To convert a Fahrenheit te

12、mperature to Celsius(centigrade),subtract 32,then multiply by 5/9.Fahrenheit Scale Celsius Scale refers to a scale of hotness,or temperature,first established by the Swedish scientist Anders Celsius(17011744)in 1742.On this scale,the unit of temperature is the degree Celsius();water freezes at 0 and

13、 boils at 100(under agreed standard atmospheric conditions),conditions),although when Celsius originally devised the scale he made 0the boiling point and 100the freezing point.The Celsius scale was formerly commonly known as the centigrade scale because of the 100 divisions between the freezing and

14、boiling points of water.To convert from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 9/5 and add 32.Celsius Scale 摄氏度Anders CelsiusCelsius Scale Analyze the structure of the sentence.The structure of this sentence is complicated.1)“The youngest of our four children”is in apposition(同位语）to“Emily

15、,13.”2)“that supplements our indoor plumbing when we are working outside”is an attributive clause（定语从句）modifying“the outdoor toilet.”Soon Jim,16 and Emily,13,the youngest of our four children,will help me make some long-overdue improvements on the outdoor toilet that supplements our indoor plumbing

16、when we are working outside.Translate the sentence into Chinese.过些时候，过些时候，16岁的吉米和四个孩子中最小的岁的吉米和四个孩子中最小的13岁的岁的埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修埃米莉，会帮着我一起把拖了很久没修的室外厕所修葺一下。我们在室外干活时，这个厕所便成了室内卫葺一下。我们在室外干活时，这个厕所便成了室内卫生设备的补充。生设备的补充。SupplementSupplement:1.v.add to sth.in order to improve it(followed by with)补充，增补Peter

17、 supplements his ordinary income by writing books2.n.an additional amount of sth添加物，增补物.She has been ill and must have supplements to her ordinary food.Spray:force out liquid in small drops upon(followed by with)喷洒，飞溅汽汽车开开过，溅了我一身水了我一身水A car went past and sprayed me with water.pursue:vt.1.be busy wit

18、h;continue(steadily)with忙于After graduation Martin chose to pursue the same career as his father as a doctor.2.follow esp.in order to catch,kill,or defeat追踪The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner.He is pursuing his studies at the university.Household:adj.家庭的，普通家庭的，普通的的 A household name:家喻户晓的人 Hou

19、sehold expense:家庭开支 Household chores:家里的杂活儿 Household goods:日用品Tell the class the origin of the saying“There is no rest for the wicked.”The saying comes from the Bible,Isiah 57:21,“no peace,saith my god,to the wicked.”It is used in a jocular manner,meaning“theres no time for relaxation;someone is ke

20、pt busy all the time.”There is,as the old saying goes,no rest for the wicked on a place like this and not much for the virtuous either.Translate the sentence into Chinese.正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人闲不着正如老话说的那样，在这种情形之下，坏人闲不着好人也歇不了。好人也歇不了。While one storm after another blasted huge drifts up against the house

21、and barn,.Translate this part of the sentence into Chinese.暴风雪肆虐，一场接着一场，厚厚的积雪覆盖着屋子暴风雪肆虐，一场接着一场，厚厚的积雪覆盖着屋子和谷仓和谷仓Read this paragraph and tell what“two floods”refer to here.The first flood refers to the overflow of the river covering their land while the other refers to agricultural produce.When spring

22、 came,it brought two floods.Overflow:v.溢出Over+verb.1）过多，过于 2）跨过，在上面Eg:Overdue Overuse Oversee Overcome Overtake Overhear Overlook Overstate过期滥用，过度使用监视，监督克服超过偷听忽视夸张，夸大Whats the function of the phrase“swamping us under wave after wave of produce”?This v-ing form is one of the non-finite verbs(非非谓谓语语动动

23、词词).It serves as an adverbial in the sentence and it indicates another action by the subject of the sentence.Then the growing season began,swamping us under wave after wave of produce.Paraphrase the sentence.Then the growing season came and it brought us a lot of agricultural products.It was amazing

24、.What can we infer from the sentence?1)The big harvest was beyond expectation.2)He was filled with joy because of the big harvest.Text ComprehensionPart 3（Paras8-11)Para8get through:come successfully to the end顺利做成利做成某事某事当地政府已采取一些措施以确保全体人民熬当地政府已采取一些措施以确保全体人民熬过冬天冬天 The local government has taken some

25、 measures to ensure that all the people will get through the winter.At that point：就在那时：就在那时Point:具体的时间的一点At that pointAt/On the point of sth:在之前，就要On the point of doing sth.：刚要做某事To the point of:几乎到了的程度Up to a point:部分的Point:重要的观点（论点）Beside the point:不切题To the point:切题，中肯In point of fact:事实上Make a p

26、oint of doing sth.:重视某事Take someones point:接受某人所说的话Timing:the choice of timeIt was not the right time for me to do it.时机选得很糟糕。“the timing was terrible”(line 48)Ivy League 常春藤联盟常春藤联盟 8 long-established colleges and universities in the United StatesBrown UniversityColumbia UniversityCornell University

27、Dartmouth CollegeHarvard UniversityUniversity of PennsylvaniaPrinceton UniversityYale UniversityBrown UniversityColumbia UniversityCornell UniversityDartmouth CollegeHarvard UniversityUniversity of PennsylvaniaPrinceton UniversityYale UniversityIf you want to know more about these schools,you are we

28、lcome to visit their websites:Brown University www.brown.eduColumbia University www.columbia.eduCornell University www.cornell.eduDartmouth College www.dartmouth.eduHarvard University www.harvard.eduUniversity of Pennsylvania www.upenn.eduPrinceton University www.princeton.eduYale University www.yal

29、e.eduThank you!Thank you!Mr.Doherty Builds His Dream LifeText A-to write and live on a farmon balance:with all things considered;on the whole总的来说 我想，我想，总的来的来说我更喜我更喜欢新的体制。新的体制。balance的反义词是的反义词是imbalance。此外，。此外，与与balance有关的其他搭配有：有关的其他搭配有：keep ones balance保持平衡保持平衡lose ones balance失去平衡失去平衡strike a balan

30、ce力求折中力求折中in the balance不确定，成败或安危未定不确定，成败或安危未定I think,on balance,I prefer the new system.Para 9What did the writer have to do in order to write his stories?illustrate:vt.举例说明Let me use another example to illustrate this difficult point.The way that a pump works is used to illustrate how the heart se

31、nds blood around the body.illustrate,exemplify&demonstrate 都有都有“举例举例说明说明”之意之意。illustrate表示不仅使用具体事例而且有时使用表示不仅使用具体事例而且有时使用图画图画，目的是使说明生动、逼真或有效，目的是使说明生动、逼真或有效，从而真实地说明某一观点。例如从而真实地说明某一观点。例如：exemplify；表示使用事例表示使用事例说说明一个明一个笼统笼统而抽而抽象的象的陈陈述，或佐以揭示某一提法的真述，或佐以揭示某一提法的真实实。例。例如如Knights exemplified courage and courte

32、sydemonstrate表示用足够数量及可靠的证据表示用足够数量及可靠的证据说明某一学术争论、结论的真实性，也可用于说明某一学术争论、结论的真实性，也可用于说明人或事。例如说明人或事。例如Galileo demonstrated that objects of different weights fall at the same speed.伽俐略证实了重量不同的物体以同样的速度下落伽俐略证实了重量不同的物体以同样的速度下落digest:Readers Digest is a popular magazine in the US.1.n.a short account of written

33、materials or data文摘读者文摘是一本很受美国人欢迎的杂志。2.v.1)change sth.into a form that the body can use消化（胃）玛丽吃肥肉不消化。玛丽吃肥肉不消化。Mary cant digest fat.2)think about sth.carefully and understand it认真思考并理解吸收新思想往往需要很长时间。吸收新思想往往需要很长时间。It often takes long time to digest new ideas.Para 10Para 10What are the expenses we have

34、to cover?What are the expenses we have to cover?Mortgage payments:Our usual expenses:Insurance:$600 a monthmusic lessonsdental billscar repairscollege coststhe first$500 of any medical fees for each member;then$560 a year;two cars at$400 a year;After covering all the expenses above,they still have$2

35、,000 a year in an IRA.l “I am not making anywhere near as much as I did when I was employed full time”(line 60)What I earn now is not as much as I did when I had a full-time job.l“When it comes to”要要说到说到(line 64)as far as.is concerned,in terms of D R _ word _ generategenerate:vt.bring into existence

36、;produce 产生煤燃烧时，产生热量。煤燃烧时，产生热量。When coal burns,it generates heat.The teachers remark generated loud laughter.D R _ word _ insurance1insurance:n.guarantee of compensation for loss,damage,sickness,death,etc.in return for regular payment保险Does your insurance cover damage by flooding?Our firm carries fi

37、re insurance.D R _ word _ insurance2Collocation：意外保险意外保险accident insurance医疗保险医疗保险medical insurance私人健康保险私人健康保险private health insurance伤残保险伤残保险disability insurance社会保险社会保险social insurance失业保险失业保险unemployment insurance终身人寿保险终身人寿保险whole life insuranceD R _ word _ pick uppick up:Where did you pick up y

38、our excellent English?6)collect someone or something from a place接人/物Please pick up all your toys when youve finished playing.If he loses the case,Michael will have to pick up the bill for legal costs.Ill pick you up at your hotel.She picked up a stone and threw it at the window.Mary has been ill,bu

39、t shes picking up now.1)be ready to pay付钱4)take hold of and lift up捡起3)gain;get得到2)Improve改善5)gather together;collect收起Match the following sentences with appropriate definitions above.(3)(5)(1)(6)(4)(2)aside from:except for;(more usual in American English;same as apart from除了)万籁俱寂，只有从远处偶尔传来汽车喇叭声。Eve

40、rything was quiet,aside from the occasional sound of a car in the distance.Buying Insurance 投保 People face many choices when buying insurance policies.They commonly choose an insurance provider（保险公司）based on several criteria.Some of the most important of these include:1)the financial stability of th

41、e insurance company,2)the price of policies保单,and 3)details of coverage承保范围 and service.People seeking to buy insurance often use the services of an insurance agent保险代理 or broker经纪 to assist in their purchase.Most insurance falls into four main categories,according to what it covers:1)property and c

42、asualty,2)life,3)health and disability,and 4)old-age and unemployment.Insurers commonly refer to insurance purchased by individuals as personal lines coverage个人保险覆盖面 and to insurance purchased by businesses as commercial coverage.Individual Retirement Account个人退休账户个人退休账户 Individual Retirement Accoun

43、t refers to a US government plan that allows people to put part of their income into special bank accounts.No tax has to be paid on this money until they retire.In fact,“IRA”is used more often.Para 11Para 11Their entertainmentwithout lowering their standard of living.Dine out.once or twice a monthAt

44、tend the opera and balleta few times a yearLess meatCheaper wineFewer moviesCombine vacations with story assignmentscut back:reduce in size or amount缩减cut back sth.;cut back on sth.The government has cut back on defense spending.We oppose any plans to cut back(on)education budget.l“extravagant Chris

45、tmas are a memory,and we combine vacations with story assignments”(line76)We no longer have extravagant Christmas.When a magazine sends me somewhere to write an article,Ill take my family along.Text ComprehensionPart 4Para 12-13 What are the special quality required for life on a farm?a tolerance fo

46、r solitude.a lot of energy.I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do.我怀疑，不是所有热爱乡村的人都会乐意过我们这种生活的。not everyone并非所有人=some people，部分否定no one/nobody 没有人，全部否定not all/not everything=somea.Not all birds can fly.不是所有的鸟都会飞。（部分否定）b.No birds can play chess.没有一只鸟会下棋。（全部否定）S

47、uspect:怀疑怀疑Suspect that:怀疑发生了某事 We suspected that he was lost.Suspect sb.of sth:怀疑某人做了某事 They suspect him of murderSuspect sth.怀疑某事 He helped me,but I suspect his motives.这几个词都可用作动词，都有这几个词都可用作动词，都有“主观想像主观想像”之意之意 suspect,assume&presumeCF:We suspected that he was lost,even before we were told.别人告诉我们之前

48、，我们就怀疑他失踪了。别人告诉我们之前，我们就怀疑他失踪了。He is suspected of murdering that old lady.他被怀疑杀了那位老妇人。他被怀疑杀了那位老妇人。suspect 意思是意思是“猜想猜想”、“觉得会觉得会”、“有点感觉到有点感觉到”，表示有（某事物）存在的想法。另外，该词有表示有（某事物）存在的想法。另外，该词有“怀怀疑疑”、“怀疑某人有怀疑某人有罪罪”之意。例如：之意。例如：D R _ word _ suspect4assume 意思是意思是“假定假定”、“设想设想”，指把一件尚未证，指把一件尚未证实的事作为事实或真理。例如：实的事作为事实或真理

49、。例如：He assumed that the train would be on time.他假定火车会准时到达。他假定火车会准时到达。presume 也有也有“假定假定”、“设想设想”的意思，但它指根据过的意思，但它指根据过去的经验或某些现实的感觉认为某事属实，虽然去的经验或某些现实的感觉认为某事属实，虽然还没有确凿的证据。例如：还没有确凿的证据。例如：The court presumed the death of the man who disappeared during the war.法庭假定那个在战争中失踪的人已死亡。法庭假定那个在战争中失踪的人已死亡。On such a tig

50、ht budget.=with little moneya tight race势均力均力敌的比的比赛/a tight smile僵硬僵硬的微笑的微笑/a tight market供不供不应求的市求的市场/a tight schedule紧张的日程D R _ word _ budget2Collocation：制定预算制定预算draw up a budget 提交一项预算报告提交一项预算报告submit a budget平衡预算平衡预算balance a budget超出预算超出预算exceed a budget减少预算减少预算cut/reduce a budget联邦联邦/家庭收支家庭收支/