陕西省中考英语考点解密 第二部分 语法专题突破 专题十二 非谓语动词.doc

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1、最新资料推荐专题十二非谓语动词重难点精讲考试说明动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语 考点精析命题点一不定式作成分（2013年23题，2010年25题）不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语(包括疑问词加不定式)、宾语补足语、定语、状语。常见用法有：1.作主语。不定式作主语往往用形式主语it代替，作为句子真正主语的不定式则后置。常用句型：Its 加形容词加(for或of) somebodyto do something。如：It is nice of you to take pictures for us. 你真好，给我们照相。2.作表语。常放于系动词be之后。如：To see is to bel

2、ieve. 眼见为实。（百闻不如一见。）3.作宾语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like或want to do想要做;like to do喜欢做什么：agree to do同意做什么：hope或wish to do希望做什么；decide to do决定做什么；try to do尽力做什么；begin或start to do开始做什么；expect to do期望做什么；refuse to do拒绝做什么；afford to do有能力做什么；learn to do学习做什么；plan to do计划做什么；prefer to do更喜欢做什么；continue to d

3、o继续做什么；promise to do承诺做什么如：I would like to have a cup of tea.我想喝一杯茶。4.作定语。动词不定式作定语时，要置于被修饰的名词之后，作后置定语。如： I am not free now. I have lots of things to do. 我现在没有空。我有很多事要做。5.作状语。如：Paul is too excited to say anything. 保罗激动得说不出话来了。(结果状语) He opened the door for her to come in. 他打开门让她进来。(目的状语) I am sorry to

4、 hear that your mother is ill in hospital. 听说你妈妈生病住院了我很难过。(原因状语) 6.作宾语补足语。常见的后面接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell somebody to do告诉某人做什么ask somebody to do要求某人做什么wish somebody to do希望某人做什么invite somebody to do邀请某人做什么want somebody to do想要某人做什么teach somebody to do教某人做什么allow somebody to do允许某人做什么force somebody to do

5、强迫某人做什么expect somebody to do期望某人做什么help somebody to do帮助某人做什么advise somebody to do建议某人做什么persuade somebody to do劝告某人做什么如： Tina told her sister to turn down the TV. 蒂娜让她姐姐把电视机的音量调小点。注意：在使役动词make, let, have和感官动词see, hear, watch, notice, feel等词后，要把不定式结构中的to省略。如： I saw our English teacher enter the offi

6、ce just now. 刚才我看到我们的英语老师走进办公室了。命题点二动词不定式的特殊句型：too.to. 表示“太而不能”。如：The boy is too young to look after himself. 那个男孩太小不能照顾自己。.enough to.表示“足够”。如：He is old enough to go to school. 他到了上学的年龄了。Why do not you 加不带to的不定式？等于Why not 加不带to的不定式？如：Why do not you get her a photo album? 等于Why not get her a photo al

7、bum? 为什么不给她买个相册呢？had better加(not)加不带to的不定式。如：Youd better not stay there today. 你今天最好别待在那儿。Will you please加不带to的不定式?如：Will you please close the door? 你能把门关上吗？prefer to do something rather than do something “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如：She prefers to receive a small gift that has some thoughts behind it rather tha

8、n receive a lot of money. 她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。动词不定式与疑问词连用可用作主语或宾语。如：When to go to Beijing has not been decided yet.什么时候去北京还没定下来。(作主语)I have not decided yet when to leave.我还没决定什么时候离开。(作宾语)注意：“疑问词加不定式”作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如：Can you tell me where to get the scarf?等于Can you tell me where I can get the scar

9、f?你能告诉我在哪里能买到这种围巾吗？命题点三接动名词作宾语的动词归纳如下：enjoy doing something 喜欢做某事finish doing something 完成某事mind doing something 介意做某事suggest doing something 建议做某事keep doing something 持续做某事practise doing something 练习做某事接动名词作宾语的动词口诀喜欢考虑不避免（enjoy, consider, avoid）停止放弃太冒险（stop, give up, risk）介意想象莫推迟（mind, imagine, put

10、 off）要求完成是期望（require, finish，look forward to）建议继续勤练习（suggest, go on, practice）不禁原谅要坚持（cant help, excuse, insist on）保持注意会成功（keep on, mind, succeed in）命题点四既可跟不定式又可跟动名词的动词归纳如下：在love, like, hate, prefer, begin, start, need, remember, forget, try, stop等动词后，既可以用动名词作宾语，也可以用不定式作宾语，但意义不同。stop doing something

11、停止做某事stop to do something停下来去做某事try doing something尝试做某事try to do something尽力去做某事forget doing something忘了做过某事forget to do something忘了去做某事(未做)remember doing something记得做过某事remember to do something记得去做某事(未做)need doing something需要做某事(被动含义)need to do something需要去做某事(主动含义)最新精品资料整理推荐，更新于二二二年四月四日2022年4月4日星期一08:46:37