中考英语常见题型及解题技巧 I 书面表达.doc

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1、最新资料推荐书面表达书面表达”是考查学生综合运用英语能力的一种题型，它要求考生根据所给情景和要求写一篇短文，文章内容要符合所给的情景和要求。文理句子要通顺，它既像作文又不完全是作文，因为书面表达有提示和要求两部分。“提示”一般包括与写作内容紧密相关的信息；“要求”一般包括对短文的文体、格式及字数的要求。我们不能离开情景和要求自行立意、选材，随意发挥。它类似汉译英，但又不同于汉译英，因为我们必须根据所给材料进行适当地发挥，切中题意，语言准确，条理清楚，书写规范。为此我们要做到以下几点，按要求完成题目，取得良好的成绩。 一、审题要仔细 仔细阅读“书面表达”的提示及要求，有给文字背景材料的，有看图作

2、文的，还有两者兼而有之的。对于文字材料，我们要仔细阅读其内容，并对材料中所给的信息进行筛选，抓住重点，进行立意，否则，会导致书面表达的错误率升高，甚至逻辑不清，文不对题。对于看图作文，我们把几幅画面联系起来，若是漫画式的，一般主题鲜明，图画中多余的内容很少，读起来比较容易理解。若是写实式的，图画中与主题无关的内容较多，有时容易被细小问题所纠缠而不能明确主题，所以要仔细审题，领会作者究竟想表达一个什么样的中心思想，然后再分别去描述。 二、行文要正确 读完提示与要求之后，就要对提供的信息或画面进行语言上的组织，要用英语进行思维，有的学生习惯用汉语打底稿，再逐句翻译，这样一方面浪费时间，另一方面容易

3、写成汉语式的英语。要学会用英语思维，直接用英语表达，使文章意思连贯，语言流畅，逻辑严谨。 三、语言要严谨 尽量使用自己熟悉的已经掌握的词汇和句型，长短句子要结合，尽量使用简单句，正确选择人称和时态。若一时想不起某个单词的拼写，可“ 绕道而行”， 由同义词或近义词来代替， 也可使用同义句或者正话反说。如“他英语学得很好” ，可以说He studies English very well./ He is goodat English./ He does well in English. 或者HisEnglish isnt poor. 这是关键的一步，只有把握好这一关，才能有效地减少错误的发生。 四

4、、适当发挥 适当发挥但不能脱离中心， 还要符合字数要求，切忌多多益善。古人云“言多易失”，你写得越多，出错的几率就越大，所以不可画蛇添足，为了语言的连贯性，适当使用过渡词，如and、then、so、or、but等，可使文章锦上添花。 五、书写要规范 卷面要清楚，书写要规范。卷面就像是人的脸面，干干净净，一尘不染最好。首先你就能得到一些感情分，即便有些错误，阅卷者也不愿意忍痛割爱。相反，字迹潦草，涂涂改改，肯定要被扣分，另外书写时要压格，这样会使字迹看起来更清楚、更漂亮。 六、成文多查看 文章写完后， 一定要回过头来认真检查，检查时注意以下要点文章是否符合题意要求，要点有无遗漏语言是否流畅，语法

5、是否正确，包括单词拼写、大小写，标点符号；动词时态，语态，名词单复数，所有格，主谓一致，词语搭配等。总之，英语书面表达能力的提高是一个从量变到质变的过程，需要我们平时在学习中多注意，多积累，从根本上解决存在的问题，这样才有“一份耕耘，一份收获”，也才能让自己“下笔如有神”。假设你叫李磊，请你针对这封信的内容，给这位父亲写封回信，谈谈你的看法。要求：条例清楚，语义连贯，句式规范，字迹工整。词数80左右。Dear editor,Im sorry to trouble you. I have a daughter. She is 13 years old. She likes making tele

6、phone calls. As soon as he gets back from school, she picks up the telephone and calls her classmates. She talks and talks, sometimes for 2 or 3 hours. We cant use it. I tell him not to do it, but she is unhappy. What should I do? A worried father【步步点拨】1. 本文主要谈如何纠正孩子爱打电话的问题，属于学生比较熟悉的话题。2. 本文的格式是书信。特

7、别要求学生注意称呼、正文、结束语和署名。3. 问题的解决可从内因和外因两个方面出发。内因可以从学生的天职是学习去谈；外因可以去找老师，找同学的家长帮忙，也可以为她安装上部电话，让她付话费。4. 本文属于论述文，要求在文章中有明确的观点，并用事例论证。【例文品读】Dear Sir,Dont worry. You can have a word with her and tell her what to do. As a student, she must put her heart into the study. Making telephones too much is bad for her

8、 study. If she goes on doing it, you can tell it to her teachers. I think they can help you.You can also find out whom your daughter calls up. You may ask their parents for help.You may buy a telephone for her. She can make telephone calls with her own telephone, but she must pay for it by herself.Y

9、ours, Li Lei Lin Ping 实战练习（1）Write at least 60 words about the topic “Face life with a smile.”(以“笑对人生”（微笑着面对生活）为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)（注意：短文不得出现学生的姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。）The following points must be included. (下列要点必须包含。) How do you usually face life? / Do you usually face the life with a smile? Espe

10、cially when should you smile to face life? (Give at least two examples.) Why?(注意：短文不得出现学生的姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。)（2）Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic “My view on using the Internet.” (以“我对使用因特网的看法”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)（注意：短文不得出现学生的姓名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分。）Suggested questions (以下问题仅供参考)

11、What are your views on using the Internet? Why do you think so? (Give at least two reasons.) What are your suggestions to using the Internet properly?（3）Write at least 60 words about the topic The ways I deal with my problem(s) in study.(以“我应对学习中所遇问题的方法”为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格。)(注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名、及

12、其他相关信息，否则不予评分。)Use the following points as a reference. (以下问题仅供参考) What problem(s) do you have in study? How do you deal with the problem(s)? What can you learn from your experience of dealing with the problem(s)?(注意：短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分)（4）Write at least 60 words about the topic has helped

13、me to learn a lot . (以“ 使我受益匪浅”为题写一篇不少于60个字的短文，标点符号不占格。)(注意：短文中不得出现任何人名、校名及其它相关信息，否则不予评分)Use the following points as a reference. (以下问题仅供参考) What has helped you to learn a lot? When did you first take it up? How did it help you? Give some examples.书面表达(20分)李老师想了解班级同学的状况， 请你根据下面的内容要求， 给李老师写一封信， 说明自己的

14、情况。内容要点：1学习任务重， 睡眠不足， 缺少体育活动。同学间缺乏沟通和交流；2在家不允许看电视、 上网、 听音乐等。Dear Ms Li，Im very glad to write to you. _ _ Best wishes.Dear Ms Li，Im very glad to write to you. I have a lot of troubles these days. Every day I have a lot of homework to do. I dont have enough time to sleep. I nearly have no time to do s

15、ports. My friends and I can hardly find time to talk, or play together. When I get back home from school, Im not allowed to watch TV, surf the Internet or listen to my favourite music. I feel worried about myself. I dont know what I should do. Could you please give me some suggestions?Best wishes.在家

16、庭里、在社会中，只要我们从自身做起，我们的行为就可以为实现和谐社会(harmonious society)起到推进作用。你们学校的English Newsletter正在以Doing Our Part(从自身做起)为题举行征文活动，请根据下列表格提示的内容，用英语写一篇征文。行为作用在家庭里(1)帮助父母做家务事(2)和父母多交流(1)让父母不太累(2)在社会中(1)不乱扔垃圾(2)(3)(1)使环境美化(2)(3)展望：如果我们每个人要求：(1)表达清楚，语法正确，上下文连贯；(2)必须包括所有相关信息，并作适当发挥；(3)词数：100左右(征文的开头已给出，不计入总词数)；(4)不得使用真

17、实姓名、校名和地名等。Doing Our PartWe have grown up and its time for us to do something for our family and society.At home, _parents wont be so tired.We should also spend time chatting with them so that parents and we can understand each other better. When we are out，its more important to pay attention to our

18、 behavior.To make the environment beautiful，we should pick litter up instead of dropping it.Besides，its bad manners to talk loudly in public places.Others will be disturbed.Finally，we should help those people in need and theyll live a better life.Im sure if each of us does our part，our family and so

19、ciety will be more harmonious.书面表达(20分)同学们，你是怎样度过你丰富多彩的周末的？下面请你以“My Weekends”为题写一篇短文，让老师、同学们和你一起分享一下你的weekends吧！短文的开头和结尾部分已给出。My Weekends_I usually have a great time on weekends and I like them very much.My WeekendsDo you know what I often do on weekends? First I have to finish my homework.Then I of

20、ten go to play football with my friends and sometimes I go to the park or the zoo.When the weather is bad,I usually play computer games and watch TV at home.Sometimes I play cards with my parents.I usually have a great time on weekends and I like them very much.书面表达(20分)暑假即将来临，请介绍一下你的暑期计划。内容要点：1适当放松

21、休息，外出观光旅游；2探望祖父母并跟他们介绍保持健康的方法；3看书，补习功课；4帮父母做家务。要求：180词左右；2可结合自己的实际情况进行适当的发挥；3不要透露你的真实姓名以及你所在学校、班级等有关情况，否则不予评分。_. Summer vacation is coming and Im really excited. Now let me tell you about my plans. First, Im going to relax myself. Maybe Im going to Shanghai because Shanghai is my favourite city. Nex

22、t Im visiting my grandparents when Im free. Well talk about how to keep healthy. Then Im going to read lots of books and get ready for the new term. And finally Im going to do much housework because I want my parents to have a good rest.书面表达(20分)你楼上的邻居自从搬来后， 总是把音响开得很大(play the stereos so loud), 还经常持

23、续到深夜(last into late night), 使得你几乎不能入睡， 有时还得服用安眠药(sleeping pills); 而且他们的女儿每天早上很早就开始练习唱歌。这一切使得你很累。请根据以上情况给他们写一封信， 和他们谈谈你的感受， 希望他们能接受你的意见。 Dear Neighbor，I am sorry to write to you, but your family has really bothered me these days. Since you moved upstairs, you have always played the stereos so loud an

24、d made them last into late night. I hardly fall asleep every night and sometimes have to take some sleeping pills. Would you mind turning down your stereos? Besides, your daughter practices singing every early morning. All these make me feel exhausted.So I really hope you can accept my advice, cant

25、you?根据中英文提示词语，写出意思连贯，符合逻辑，词数100左右的文章，所给英文提示词语必须都用上。中文提示：保护我们的环境是十分重要的，它有利于我们的身体健康，我们仅有一个地球，我们就生存在这个地球上，所以保护环境是我们义不容辞的责任。那么，我们应该做些什么呢？我们该怎么办呢？提示词：take good care of, important, only one earth, good for, our duty, pick up, rubbish, throw, dustbin, collect, battery, plastic bags, spit, public placesTaki

26、ng good care of our environment is very important because its good for our health. Were living on the earth and we have only one earth.What can we do for it? I think we should begin with the following things. We should pick up the rubbish and throw it into a dustbin, and we should collect waste thin

27、gs like batteries, plastic bags and so on. We should plant trees and flowers. And we shouldnt spit in public places or litter waste things anywhere.Its our duty to keep our environment clean. If everyone does such useful things, our environment will become much better.你听说过某些濒临灭绝的动物吗？ 请以Why Should We

28、 Protect Wildlife Animals？为题，用英语写一篇短文，说明为什么要保护野生动物。词数为80 词左右。写作提示：1为什么有些野生动物处于危险之中；2为什么保护野生动物很重要；3我们应该采取什么措施来保护野生动物。提示词语：wildlife(野生的)，endangered, tiger, panda, destroy(破坏)，fur, take measures(采取措施)，plant, tree, build a birdhouseWhy Should We Protect Wildlife Animals?Do you know any endangered animal

29、s? Why are they in danger?I think there are many endangered animals in the world, such as tigers and pandas. When farmers cut down trees, tigers can no longer hide and hunt. Many tigers are killed by people who want to sell their fur for money. And there are few places where pandas can live.We are n

30、ot alone in the world. We human beings could not live without all the plants and animals around us. So protecting wildlife animals is very important. We must take measures书面表达(20分)以“A Person I Will Never Forget”为题，写一篇英语短文。要求如下：1短文内容应包括人物的外貌、性格、爱好和使你难忘之处等；2短文中不得出现真实的校名和人名；3词数80左右。A Person I Will Neve

31、r ForgetThe person Ill never forget is my English teacher.Hes a tall man with thick glasses.He likes sports and often plays football and basketball with us.Hes humorous and always makes his classes lively and interesting.Hes kind but is strict with us.He never allows us to pretend that we know what

32、we dont know.He often tells us that its no use memorizing new words without understanding.My English has greatly improved with his help.书面表达(20分)(2011桂林)今年是桂林市创建全国文明城市关键的一年。“桂林是我家，创城靠大家！”作为中学生，我们应积极参与。请根据以下提示，写一篇80词左右的短文(开头已给出，不计入总词数)。要点：(1)尊敬老师，对人礼貌；(2)帮助他人，友善待人；(3)遵守交规，过马路走斑马线，不闯红灯；(4)保护环境，不乱扔垃圾，不

33、踩草地等；(5)补充两句个人观点。参考词汇：respect(尊敬)；be polite to；obey(遵守)；traffic rules；zebra crossing(斑马线)要求：(1)内容包括所提供的信息及要点，可适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译；(2)不得透露学校、姓名等任何个人信息。Guilin is now making its effort to become a national civilized city.As students，what should we do?We must respect our teachers and be polite to others.We sho

34、uld also help those who are in need and be friendly to the people around us.Besides，we must obey the traffic rules.When crossing the streets，we should walk on the zebra crossing.And we mustnt go across the street when the traffic lights are red.Whats more，weshould protect our environment.For example

35、，we mustnt step on the grass and climb trees.Litter mustnt be thrown everywhere. Guilin is our hometown.Lets try our best to make it a civilized city.书面表达(15分)现在的科技日新月异，各种发明以及高科技产品成为了我们生活中不可缺少的东西，如电脑、笔记本电脑(laptop)、手机(mobile phone)、MP4、数码相机(digital camera)、数码摄影机(DV)等。请以My Favorite Invention为题描述你最喜欢的一

36、种发明，并说明理由(理由至少有两个方面)。词数在80词左右。_My Favorite InventionAmong all the modern inventions，laptop is my favorite one.I think it is the most amazing invention in the 21st century.Laptops are light and small.They are easy to carry.With a laptop，we can work，study and entertain everywhere.A laptop can get to t

37、he Internet outside，which enables us to get the latest information whenever we want.Using a laptop，I can keep in touch with my friends and family through emails and QQ at any time and in any place.I think in the future，everybody will have his or her own laptop.书面表达(20分)(2011绥化)世界在发展，文化在交融，英语已经成为人们沟通

38、的桥梁。怎样学好英语是我们一直在求索的问题。几年的学习经历你一定积累了许多成功的经验，请从听、说、读、写四方面谈谈你的建议。要求：1词数：80100(开头已给出，不计入总词数)；2字迹工整，语言流畅，表达正确，逻辑清晰。How to Learn English WellEnglish is important and useful to us. How can we learn it well？Here are my suggestions. _How to Learn English WellEnglish is important and useful to us. How can we

39、learn it well？Here are my suggestions. First，we should often listen to the tapes，English songs and programs. Watching English movies is also helpful to us. Second，we should speak English in class as much as possible. Dont be afraid of making mistakes. The more you speak，the fewer mistakes youll make

40、. Wed better join the English club and practice with others. Third，we can read more English newspapers and magazines. Its good for us. At last，we should recite some good passages and keep diaries.In a word，as long as we do more listening，speaking，reading and writing，we will learn English well.书面表达(2

41、0分)为了使同学们与人交往时举止更加文雅，你校学生会正在举办以“How To Behave Well？”为主题的英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文。(以上背景内容无需表述)短文要点如下：1学生应该守时、守信、不撒谎、不说脏话；2礼貌待人，热心助人；3遵守交通规则；不在公共场所喧哗；不乱扔垃圾；4请你就此话题再补充一至两点个人看法。要求：1.不要逐词翻译；2在文中不要提及真实的校名和姓名；3词数6080。短文首句已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：dirty adj.obey vpromise n.How To Behave Well?Behaving well is the secret of gett

42、ing on well with others.As a student，I think its very important to do everything on time and keep promises.Never lie to others or say dirty words.We should be polite to others and ready to help people in need.Wed better not talk loudly in public.Dont throw litter or spit about.And remember to obey t

43、raffic rules.Finally，learn to work with others.We need good teamwork in our life.书面表达(20分)“唱响中国(Singing Around China)”正掀起一股热潮，部分中学生也积极参选。假如你是李明，上周你们班围绕这种现象展开了讨论。请根据下表内容用英语给某英文刊物写一封电子邮件，并谈谈你对此现象的看法。词数：6080。Some students thinkSome students thinkI thinkExperience different thingsWaste of timeBecome selfconfident(自信的)Difficult to succeedEasy to be famousBe laughed atDear editor(编辑)，Last week our class had a discussion about Singing Around China.Some students think young people need to experience different things. They will become self-confident if they have