美国人的汽车画法(1)22782.docx

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1、外国人的汽车画法Drawiing EEllippsesAnatoomy oof ann elllipsee: Whenn we vieww a ccirclle att an anglle wee seee an elliipse. We refeer too thiis viiewinng anngle as tthe ddegreee off thee elllipsee. A perffect circcle iis viiewedd at 90 ddegreees aand aat anngless lesss thhan tthat we ssee vvarioous ddegree

2、e elllipsses oon thhe waay doown tto a zeroo deggree elliipse (a sstraiight linee). UUnderrstanndingg thee mecchaniics oof drrawinng elllipsses iis noot diifficcult, massteriing tthe ddrawiing oof elllipsses iis. AAn elllipsse haas twwo axxes wwe neeed tto knnow aaboutt, thhe miinor axiss andd thee

3、majjor aaxis. Thee minnor aaxis diviides the elliipse intoo twoo equual hhalvees accrosss itss narrrow dimeensioon. TThe mmajorr axiis diividees thhe elllipsse accrosss itss lonng diimenssion intoo twoo equual hhalvees. TThe mminorr andd majjor aaxes crosss eaach ootherr at a 900 deggree anglle. SSe

4、e ddrawiing ee-1. If wee loook att thee draawingg in e-2 we ccan ssee tthat I haave ddrawnn a ssquarre arroundd ourr elllipsee. Affter I drraw tthe ssquarre I draww an “X” acrooss iit too finnd itts ceenterr in persspecttive. Wheen yoou obbservve thhe miinor and majoor axxes oof thhe elllipsse wee s

5、eee thaat thhe miinor axiss goees thhrouggh thhe ceenterr of the squaare wwhilee thee majjor aaxis doess nott. Wee alsso obbservve thhat tthe eellippse ttouchhes ttangeent eexacttly iin thhe miiddlee of eachh sidde off thee squuare, exaactlyy wheere wwe woould expeect iit too. Thhis iis a bit of aa

6、minnd beenderr. Wee havve taaken a syymmettricaal shhape, thee elllipsee, annd drroppeed itt intto peerspeectivve. TThis alwaays wworkss if you do yyour drawwing withhin tthe aallowwablee limmits of ddistoortioon. RRegarrdlesss off wheetherr youur elllipsse iss rolllingg on the grouund oor reestinng

7、 onn it, as we ssee iin drrawinng e-3, tthe cconsttructtion resuult rremaiins tthe ssame. Leaarninng frrom tthis obseervattion and now knowwing wherre thhe miinor and majoor axxes oof ouur elllipsse shhouldd be is tthe ssinglle grreateest hhelp in ddrawiing eellippses propperlyy. Siince the elliipse

8、 minoor axxis aalwayys gooes tthrouugh tthe ccenteer off ourr squuare thiss is someethinng wee cann usee to helpp us draww it. Connverssely the majoor axxis rreferrencees noothinng thhat ccan hhelp us iin loocatiing iit inn ourr perrspecctivee squuare. Thiis iss whyy I ddo noot reecommmend usinng th

9、he maajor axiss wheen drrawinng elllipsses.PPracttice drawwing elliipsess witthoutt worrryinng abbout locaatingg theem inn perrspecctivee. Heere aare aa feww exaamplees off my rustty arrm trryingg to draww somme elllipsses ffor tthis tutooriall thiis moorninng. DDraw variious sizees annd diifferring

10、 degrrees. Aftter yyou ddraw the elliipse idenntifyy itss minnor aaxis by ddrawiing aa linne accrosss itss narrrow dimeensioon thhat ddividdes eeach sidee equuallyy.find it hhelpfful iif yoou immaginne thhat yyou aare ggoingg to foldd youur elllipsse allong thiss linne. YYou wwant it tto foold aalon

11、gg thiis liine aand lland exacctly backk on itseelf. If yyour minoor axxis iis inncorrrect we ccan ssee wwhat happpens in ddrawiing ee-4. Afterr youu aree feeelingg goood abbout how yourr elllipsees arre loookinng annd yoou arre coonfiddent you can locaate tthe mminorr axiis off eacch prroperrly yyo

12、u aare rreadyy to starrt trryingg to locaate yyour elliipsess witthin persspecttive consstrucctionns. SStartt witth soomethhing simpple llike drawwing a sttraigght lline thatt reppreseents the minoor axxis oof yoour eellippse aand tthen try and draww elllipsees off varriouss sizzes aand ddegreees oo

13、n thhat lline. Thiis iss a llittlle haarderr thaan drrawinng thhe elllipsse fiirst and thenn draawingg thee minnor aaxis. Aftter yyou nnail thatt exeercisse trry drrawinng twwo coonverrgingg strraighht liines and drawwing elliipsess thaat toouch tanggent to eeach linee. Thhis iis haarderr stiill. On

14、e of tthe mmost diffficullt exxerciises is tto drraw aa pagge off cubbes aand tthen draww an elliipse on eeach facee thaat toouchees taangennt too thee sidde off eacch sqquaree as we oobserrved in ddrawiings e-2 and e-3. Draawingg conncenttric elliipsess aree alsso goood ppracttice. You ccan uuse ee

15、llippse gguidees too strraighhten up yyour elliipsess butt do not try to ssketcch wiith tthem. I hhave yet to ssee tthis donee effficieentlyy. Yoou arre muuch bbetteer offf too do all of yyour persspecttive layoout wwork freeehandd andd theen brreak out the sweeeps aand eellippse gguidees too tigght

16、enn thiings up iif yoou neeed tto. OOnce you havee praacticced eenouggh yoou wiill ffind thatt youu cann do veryy commpeteent ddrawiings entiirelyy freeehannd. TTheree is a grreat sensse off sattisfaactioon thhat ccomess froom acchievving nicee linne quualitty annd prroperr perrspecctivee in a frree

17、haand ssketcch. How tto chheck if yyour elliipse is ccorreectlyy draawn. It iis immporttant to uunderrstannd thhe meechannics of eellippses so yyou ccan mmake adjuustmeents to tthem afteer yoou haave ddrawnn theem. BBasiccallyy theere aare oonly two thinngs tthat makee an elliipse eithher ppropeerly

18、 drawwn inn perrspecctivee or not.Minorr axiis annd yoour vvanisshingg poiints. Thee firrst tthingg to checck iss wheetherr youur miinor axiss is corrrect. In the casee of puttting wheeels oon caars tthe mminorr axiis iss alwways commmon tto thhe axxle oof thhe whheel. Mosst off thee timme thhis aax

19、le is aalso perppendiiculaar too thee cennterlline of yyour car. So it ffolloows tthat the minoor axxes oof yoour eellippses (wheeels) aree alsso peerpenndicuular to tthis centterliine. Therre arre caases suchh as whenn thee froont wwheells arre tuurnedd or the wheeels hhave beenn sett up withh extt

20、remee cammber thatt theey arre noo lonnger perppendiiculaar too thee cennterlline of yyour vehiicle. Anootherr eassy exxamplle foor uss to visuualizze iss thaat thhe miinor axiss of a prropelller on aan aiirplaane iis paaralllel tto thhe ceenterrlinee of the fuseelagee andd theerefoore tthey go tto

21、thhe saame vvanisshingg poiint. Remeemberr wheen peerspeectivve drrawinng thhat “aall pparalllel linees goo to the samee vannishiing ppointt”. Degreee off youur elllipsse. AAssumming the minoor axxis oof yoour eellippse iis coorrecct annd yoour eellippse sstilll loooks wwrongg it can be oonly one th

22、inng, tthe ddegreee. BBeforre trryingg to adjuust tthe ddegreee off an elliipse the minoor axxis mmust be ccorreect. No aamounnt off adjjustmment to tthe ddegreee caan maake uup foor ann inccorreect mminorr axiis. CCheckking the degrree iis a simpple ppersppectiive cconsttructtion. Stepp 1: Draww a

23、bbox aarounnd annd taangennt onn eacch siide tto yoour eellippse. Be ssure to ffolloow yoour ppersppectiive gguideelinees whhen ddoingg thiis. Step 2: OObserrve wwheree youur drrawn elliipse conttactss thee boxx youu havve drrawn arouund iit. IIf yoour eellippse ddoes not toucch inn thee midddle of

24、eeach sidee of the box thenn thee deggree is wwrongg. Addjustt thee deggree of yyour elliipse by mmakinng itt widder oor naarrowwer uuntill youu cann draaw a box arouund iit thhat ttouchhes eexacttly iin thhe miiddlee of eachh sidde. WWhen you havee donne thhis yyou wwill havee a ppropeerly drawwn elllipsse att thee corrrectt deggree. Here are a feew moore ssketcches I quuicklly puut peerspeectivve guuidelliness on top of tto heelp yyou ssee tthe mminorr axees off thee elllipsees wiithinn thee draawinggs. Congrratullatioons yyou aare nnow mmasteer off thee elllipsee!