戏剧简介(英文)ppt课件.ppt

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1、为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Drama熊梦蕴为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能DramaDramaDramaisthespecificmodeoffictionrepresentedinperformance.ThetermcomesfromaGreekwordmeaningactionwhichisderivedfromtodo.Theenactmentofdramaintheatre,performedbyactorsonastage

2、beforeanaudience,presupposes(预先假定)collaborative（合作的）modesofproductionandacollectiveformofreception.Thestructureofdramatictexts,unlikeotherformsofliterature,isdirectlyinfluencedbythiscollaborativeproductionandcollectivereception为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能History of Western

3、 dramaHistory of Western dramaClassical Athenian dramaWesterndramaoriginatesinclassicalGreece.Thetheatricalcultureofthecity-stateofAthensproducedthreegenresofdrama:tragedy,comedy,andthesatyrplay(【古希腊】森林之神滑稽短歌剧,萨堤罗斯滑稽剧).Theiroriginsremainobscure,thoughbythe5thcenturyBCEtheywereinstitutionalisedincomp

4、etitionsheldaspartoffestivitiescelebratingthegodDionysus（狄俄尼索斯：酒神和宗教狂欢庆祝大自然权力和丰饶之神）.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能SatyrplaySatyrplayswereanancientGreekformoftragicomedy,similarinspirittoburlesque(讽刺作品).Theyfeaturedchorusesofsatyrs,werebasedonGreekmythology,andwererifewithmoc

5、kdrunkenness,brazensexuality,pranks,sightgags,andgeneralmerriment.SatyricdramawasoneofthethreevarietiesofAtheniandrama,theothertwobeingtragedyandcomedy.ItcanbetracedbacktoPratinasofPhlius,circa500BC.Papposilenusplayingthecrotals,theatricaltypeofthesatyrplay为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分

6、发挥中小学图书室育人功能Roman dramaRoman dramaFollowingtheexpansionoftheRomanRepublic(50927BCE)intoGreekbetween270240BCE,RomeencounteredGreekdrama.FromthelateryearsoftherepublicandtheRomanEmpire(27BCE-476CE),theatrespreadwestacrossEurope,aroundtheMediterraneanandreachedEngland;Romantheatrewasmorevaried,extensiv

7、eandsophisticatedthanthatofanyculturebeforeit.WhileGreekdramacontinuedtobeperformedthroughouttheRomanperiod,theyear240BCEmarksthebeginningofregularRomandrama.ThefirstimportantworksofRomanliteraturewerethetragediesandcomediesthatLiviusAndronicuswrotefrom240BCE.MedievalMedievalIntheMiddleAges,dramaint

8、hevernacular(本地语言)languagesofEuropemayhaveemergedfromreligiousenactmentsoftheliturgy(礼拜仪式).Mysteryplayswerepresentedontheporchofthecathedralsorbystrollingplayersonfeastdays.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能 Elizabethan and JacobeanElizabethan and JacobeanOneofthegreatflowerings

9、ofdramainEnglandoccurredinthe16thand17thcenturies.Manyoftheseplayswerewritteninverse,particularlyiambicpentameter(抑扬格五步音).InadditiontoShakespeare,suchauthorsasChristopherMarlowe,ThomasMiddletonwereprominentplaywrightsduringthisperiod.Asinthemedievalperiod,historicalplayscelebratedthelivesofpastkings

10、,enhancingtheimageoftheTudormonarchy.AuthorsofthisperioddrewsomeoftheirstorylinesfromGreekmythologyandRomanmythologyorfromtheplaysofeminentRomanplaywrights.Modern and postmodernModern and postmodernThepivotalandinnovativecontributionsofthe19th-centuryNorwegiandramatistHenrikIbsenandthe20th-centuryGe

11、rmantheatrepractitionerBertoltBrechtdominatemoderndrama;eachinspiredatraditionofimitators,whichincludemanyofthegreatestplaywrightsofthemodernera.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Dramatic structureDramatic structureDramaticstructureisthestructureofadramaticworksuchasaplayorfilm.

12、Manyscholarshaveanalyzeddramaticstructure,beginningwithAristotleinhisPoetics.Exposition or IntroductionTheexpositionprovidesthebackgroundinformationneededtoproperlyunderstandthestory,suchastheprobleminthebeginningofthestory.Rising actionThebasicinternalconflictiscomplicatedbytheintroductionofrelated

13、secondaryconflicts,includingvariousobstaclesthatfrustratetheprotagonistsattempttoreachhisgoal.ClimaxThethirdactistheclimax,orturningpoint,whichmarksachange,forthebetterortheworse,intheprotagonistsaffairs.Ifthestoryisacomedy,thingswillhavegonebadlyfortheprotagonistsfirstly;andthenthingswillbegintogow

14、ellforthem.Ifthestoryisatragedy,thingswilgofromgoodtobadfortheprotagonists.Simplyput,thisiswherethemostdramaticpart.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Falling actionSummary:Thefallingactionisthatpartofthestoryinwhichthemainparthasfinishedandyoureheadingtotheconclusion.DnouementTh

15、ednouementservesastheconclusionofthestory.Thecomedyendswithadnouementinwhichtheprotagonistisbetteroffthanatthestorysoutset.Thetragedyendswithacatastropheinwhichtheprotagonistisworseoffthanatthebeginningofthenarrative.Moremodernworksmayhavenodnouement,becauseofaquickorsurpriseending.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会

16、主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Classification of dramaClassification of dramaThetwomasksassociatedwithdramarepresentthetraditionalgeneric（通称）divisionbetweencomedyandtragedy.TheyaresymbolsoftheancientGreekMuses（缪斯，司文艺、音乐、美术的女神）,Thalia（赛利尔，喜剧的女神）andMelpomene（黑尔波墨涅，司悲剧之缪斯）.ThaliawastheMuseofcome

17、dy(thelaughingface),whileMelpomenewastheMuseoftragedy(theweepingface).为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能TragedyTragedyisaformofartbasedonhumansufferingthatoffersitsaudiencepleasure.Tragedyreferstoaspecifictraditionofdramathathasplayedauniqueandimportantrolehistoricallyintheself-

18、definitionofWesterncivilisation.themasterpiecesoftheartofdramaThe masterpieces of Tragedies:The classical Athenian tragedies:Aeschylus（埃斯库罗斯）:The Persians波斯人 Seven against Thebes七将攻拜忒The Suppliants 乞援者The Oresteia 俄瑞斯忒亚Agamemnon阿迦门农 The Libation Bearers奠酒人The Eumenides复仇女神 Prometheus Bound普罗米修斯Sopho

19、cles（索福克里斯）：Oedipus the King,俄狄浦斯王Antigone安提戈涅Euripides（欧里庇底斯）：medea美狄亚The Trojan Women特洛伊妇女为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能The early modern tragedies:IntheEnglishlanguage,themostfamousandmostsuccessfultragediesarethoseofWilliamShakespeareandhisElizabethancontemporaries.Shakes

20、pearestragediesinclude:Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克莉奥佩克拉Coriolanus科里奥兰纳斯Hamlet哈姆雷特Julius Caesar朱利叶斯凯撒King Lear李尔王Macbeth麦克白Othello奥赛罗Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶Timon of Athens雅典的泰门Titus Andronicus泰特斯安特洛尼克斯The modern tragedies:Christopher Marlowe:The Tragical History of Doctor FaustusTamburlaineJohn Webster

21、:The Duchess of MalfiThe White Devil为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能ComedyComedyasapopularmeaning,isanyhumorousdiscourseorworkgenerallyintendedtoamusebycreatinglaughter.Aristophanes(阿里斯托芬):Comedystartedfrom425BCE,Aristophanes,acomicplaywrightandsatiricalauthoroftheAncientGreek

22、Theaterwrote40comedies,suchasThe Frogs,11ofwhichsurviveandarestillbeingperformed.Comediesusuallyalsohaveelementsofthesupernatural,typicallymagicand,fortheAncientGreeks,thegods.Comedyincludestheunrealisticinordertoportraytherealistic.FortheGreeks,allcomediesendedhappilywhichisoppositeoftragedy,whiche

23、ndssadly.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Shakespearean and Elizabethan comedyComedy,initsElizabethanusage,hadaverydifferentmeaningfrommoderncomedy.AShakespeareancomedyisonethathasahappyending,usuallyinvolvingmarriagesbetweentheunmarriedcharacters,andatoneandstylethatismorelight-heartedthanShakespearesotherplays.ThemasterpiecesofShakespeareancomedies:The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人A Midsummer Nights Dream仲夏夜之梦Twelfth Night第十二夜The Winters Tale冬天的故事The Tempest暴风雨为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Thank You！