上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学2021-2022学年高一上学期12月月考英语试卷含详解.docx

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1、华东师大二附中2021学年第一学期12月阶段性测试高一英语第I卷1. Listening comprehension 20%Section A 10%Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once

2、. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question youve heard. 1.A.S10.B.$15. C. $20. D. $25.2. A. At 5:00. B. At5:15. C. At5:05. D. At 5:35.3. A. They had a wonderful day.B. They turned up

3、at the New Years Party.C. They had a busy day that day.D. They never liked New Years Day.4. A. At a hospital. B. In a restaurant. C. In a school. D. In a butchers.5. A. Their company requires all colleagues to receive the training.B. She is still not clear about some colleagues decision.C. All the c

4、olleagues have agreed to go for the program.D. Only a few colleagues are allowed to take pari in the program.6. A. The woman should send flowers to her father.B. The woman should buy her father the camera as the giftClothing is a good birthday gift for her father.C. Birthdays are occasions for famil

5、y gettogether rather than gifts.7. A. School calendar. B. Holiday plan.C. Travel destination.D. Parent-child relationship.8. A. She thinks that there arc many things that interest her.B. She hopes to earn more money from her work.C. She is not excited about the things in the new mall.D. She believes

6、 the prices of the goods arc too low.9. A. Jane has been engaged to someone working in the library.B. The man shouldnt bother Jane because she was busy.C. Jane wasnt doing something important or meaningful.D. Jane is the person to take care of the IT room. 10. A. She wants the door open to have some

7、 breeze in. B. She doesnt want her talk with Mr. Maloney to be heard. C. It doesnt matter much to her whether the door is closed or not. D. She has a poor relationship with Mr. Maloney.Section B10%Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversations and passages, and you will be aske

8、d several questions on each of the conversations and the passages. The conversations and the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the leads to an old

9、debate: whether nature or nurture fif） frames us more. A revolution in genetics has poised （his as a modem political question about the character of our society: if personalities are hardwired into our genes, what can governments do to help us? It feels morally questionable, yet claims of genetic se

10、lection by intelligence are making headlines.This is down to “hereditarian”（遗传论的）science and a recent paper claimed differences in exam performance between pupils attending selective and nonselective schools mirror the genetic differences between them”. With such an assumption, the work was predicta

11、bly greeted by a lot of ridiculous claims about genetics determining academic success”. What the research revealed was the rather less surprising result: the educational benefits of selective schools largely disappear once pupils5 inborn ability and socio-economic background were taken into account.

12、 It is a glimpse of the obvious-and theres nothing to back strongly either a hereditary or environmental argument.Yet the paper does say children are unintentionally genetically selected“ by the school system. Central to hereditarian science is a tall claim: that identifiable variations in genetic s

13、equences can predict an individuals capability to learn, reason and solve problems. This is problematic on many levels. Unlikeminded academics say the inheritability of human traits is scientifically unsound. At best there is a weak statistical association and not a causal link between DNA and intel

14、ligence. Yet sophisticated statistics are used （o create a frightening atmosphere of scientific certainty.While theres an undoubted genetic basis to individual difference, it is wrong to think that socially defined groups can be genetically accounted for. The fixation on genes as destiny is surely f

15、alse too. Medical predictability can rarely be based on DNA alone; the environment matters too. Something as complex as intellect is likely to be affected by many factors beyond genes. If hereditarians want to advance their cause, it will require more balanced interpretation and not just acts of bac

16、king.Genetic selection is a way of exerting influence over others, “the ultimate collective control of human destinies,“ as writer H.G. Wells put it. Knowledge becomes power and power requires a sense of responsibility. In understanding cognitive ability, wc must not elevate discrimination （K 视）to a

17、 science: allowing people to climb the ladder of life only as far as （heir cells might suggest. This will need a more doubtful eye on the science. As technology progresses, we all have a duty to make sure that wc shape a future that wc would want to find ourselves in.41. What did a recent research p

18、aper claim?A. The type of school students attend makes a difference to their future.B. Genetic differences between students are far greater than supposed.C. The advantages of selective schools are too obvious to ignore.D. Students academic performance is detenuined by their genes.42. What does the a

19、uthor think of the recent research?A. Its result was questionable.B. Its implication was positive.C. Its analysis of the data was sound.D. Its conclusions were valid （有效的）.43. Which of the following statement is true according to the passage? A. The relationship between DNA and intelligence is one o

20、f scientific certainty.B. Many factors influence a persons intelligence.C. Whether intelligence is decided by genes is based on interpretation of statistics D The importance of DNA is not fully examined by gene scientists.44. What does the author warn against in the passage?A. Exaggerating the power

21、 of technology in shaping the world.B. Losing sight of professional ethics in conducting research.C. Misunderstanding the findings of human cognition research.D. Promoting discrimination in the name of science.Section C 4%Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sente

22、nce given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Intrigued by Maya civilization from a very young age, 15-year-old Canadian William Gadoury thought he had made an incredible discovery from his study of ancient star charts. Through compar

23、ison, he found that the locations of the 117 known Maya cities correspond to the positions of the stars. Based on this, he believed he had spotted an unknown Maya city buried deep in the jungle. 45It isnt difficult to see why. Extending south from parts of what we now know as Mexico into Central Ame

24、rica, Maya civilization has been surrounded by mystery since its rediscovery in the 19th century. The Maya built impressive palaces and temples, including their representative step pyramids. What is most extraordinary about these complex structures is how they were built without the use of wheels, m

25、etal tools or even animal power. The Mayas understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing. 46The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the more incredible and mysterious. 47 By 700 AD, Maya civilization was at its peak. Yet, within just a

26、couple of generations, it began to mysteriously decline. The cities were left to be taken back by the jungle. When Europeans arrived in Central America in the early 16th century to claim its riches, the remaining Maya people were living in small settlements.Why Maya civilization collapsed remains a

27、mystery. Was it a natural disaster? A deadly disease? Conflicts between cities? Or was it a combination of several different factors? 48 They had turned wetlands into fields for growing grains, and had dug huge canal systems. As their population expanded, yet more land was needed for agriculture and

28、 more trees for construction. By changing the landscape in this way, it is possible that the Maya people unknowingly reduced their ability to deal with natural disasters.Whatever the reasons, Maya civilization largely disappeared within the deep jungle. Its once-great cities fell into ruin, leaving

29、various mysteries for later people to solve.A. Research suggests that those natural disasters may have led to the decline of the Maya.B. But the greatest mystery of all is what caused the Maya to abandon most of their great cities.C. It turned out that the lucky boy hit the jackpot and the Maya city

30、 was eventually brought to light.D. Some research seems to indicate that the Maya people themselves may have played a part in (heir downfall.E. Although his theory has been dismissed by scholars, it shows how powerful the secrets of Ancient Maya civilization are among people.F. They applied this und

31、erstanding to the Maya calendar, which was accurate to within 30 seconds per year.69. Summary Writing 5%Directions: Read (he following passage. Summarize the main idea and (he main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Cycling isnt always easy. Busy

32、streets, honking horns, and inadequate bike lanes can make it an uphill battle. But not even these difficulties can stop Europeans passion for cycling. According to BBC. bicycles outsold cars in most of the European Unions states last year.There are traditional bicycle capitals55, such as Amsterdam

33、in the Netherlands and Copenhagen in Denmark. But in many other traditionally car-made countries, the shift to bikes is striking. Italians, for instance, bought 1.6 million bikes against 1.4 million cars in 2012.So what has led to cyclings growing popularity in Europe?The economic crisis has played

34、an important role in the issue. The economic crisis has had an effect on all areas of peoples lives, including on transport, Giulietta Pagliaccio, head of the Italian cycling federation FIAB, told (he Australian Associated Press.Since the European debt crisis broke out in 2009, more people lost thei

35、r jobs while the cost of living, including fuel costs, continued (o rise. Il forced many people to give up driving to save money, the Guangzhou-based New Express commented. Take Greece, a country seriously hit by the crisis, for example. It sold 320,000 bikes last year against 58,000 cars.More impor

36、tantly, people have changed their views toward cars and bikes. Cars arc losing their appeal as status symbols. Yet, cycling is now seen as “a safe, clean, healthy, inexpensive way to get around town”, the Daily Star concluded. t4It not only reduces traffic jam and pollution, but also contributes to

37、public health.However, with more and more people turning to cycling, questions remain about traffic and safety problems.To case peoples worries, dozens of cities have joined a European Union to make bicycles equal to cars as a form of urban transport. Quite a few cities now offer well-marked bike la

38、nes, such as the cycling super-highway marked in blue in London. It runs all over the city, from the center to the suburbs.I. Spelling 5%Directions: Write out the words according to the relevant definitions. The first letter is given to you.49. C a strong desire to know about something.（根据首字母单词拼写）r（

39、o tell somebody （hat something is good or useful（根据首字母单词拼写）50. t lasting for a short period （根据首字母单词拼写）r damage something completely（根据首,字母单词拼写）51. 1 an object or a piece of equipmeni（根据首字母单词拼写）c one of the large land masses of the Earth such as Europe, Asia or Africa （根据首字母单词拼写）t the skill with whi

40、ch somebody is able to do something special（根据首字母单词拼写）52. p to keep a particular quality, feature, etc.; to make sure that something is kepl（根据首字母单词拼写）53. p help or encourage something to happen.（根据首字母单词拼写）i: （only before noun） that you are trying lo achieve or reach.（根据首字母单词拼写）II. Recitation 5%Dire

41、ctions: Fill in each blank with the missing words according to the text.54. You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably live nearby and arc always available fbr an informal chat or an evenings entertainment. Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twic

42、e a year to visit the theatre as. For them this is a major operation which involves. As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home.（根据句意填空）Have you ever taken a risk lo? Even teenagers who are not usually may suddenly do something dangerous because the

43、y want to show off or fit in. Boys are more likely not to wear seat belts, more likely toor a fight, andmore 1 汰cly to smoke and drink.（根据句意填空）Theres no easy solution, but try to make good choices and. Dont get pushed into doing things by your friends. You can get your dopamine lots of other excitin

44、gways. And if youre around 17, stop worrying, because your brain has reached the point where you can more easily.（根据句意填空）When Barry finished building Highclere in 1842, the castle had more than 50 rooms, including one room with! But this room was only used. Today, Highclere is one of the most expens

45、ive houses in Britain, worth more than 150 million pounds.（根 据句意填空）III. Phrases 5%Directions: Filling in the blanks with the proper forms of the phrases given in the box. Each phrase can be used only once. There are three more phrases than you need.to an extent； hang on； take cover； pass （oneseHYsom

46、ething） off astake over： resort to； a handful of： be tempted toThe Red Typhoon Signal is a warning to, under metal or sod roof structures, out of the wind.55. Internationalization of production has been developed of a higher and deeper level.56. The drink was packaged in champagne bottles and the re

47、al sluff.57. Every 10 years or so, it seems new looks endure long enough to become accepted a theuniform of a generation.58. Despite keep the money to pay for bills, Mr. Carnarvon sought out the children of thehomes previous owner, who had died, and gave them the money.VI. Translation 12%Directions:

48、 Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.69 .重建之后，这个古镇很有可能成为一个旅游胜地。（likely）（汉译英）.人们普遍认为除了在公共场合大声说话，咳嗽时不遮住口鼻都是粗鲁的行为，这应该避 免。（It, apart from）（汉译英）70 .尽管这个项目要求高、时间紧，但值得称赞的是，他克服了种种困难，完美地完成了所 有任务。（schedule, credit）（汉译英）华东师大二附中2021学年第一学期12月阶段性测试高一英语第I卷1. Listen

49、ing comprehension 20%Section A 10%Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper and dec