2021-2022学年安徽省黄山市屯溪一中高三(上)月考英语试卷(10月份)(附答案详解).docx
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1、2021-2022学年安徽省黄山市屯溪一中高三(上)月考英语试卷(10月份)ALiving in a culture that is different from your own can be both an exciting and challenging experience.The following are 6cultural differences between China and the USA to help promoting mutual understanding. MoneyAs is well known,the Chinese are conservative w
2、hen they are planning to spend money,but far fewer American families are saving money for emergencies and education than their Chinese counterparts (对 等的人).PrivacyChinese people do not have the same concept of privacy as American do.They talk about topic such as ages,income or marital (婚姻的) status,w
3、hich Americans think is annoying and disturbing.FamilyIn China,elders are traditionally treated with great respect while young are cared for.In America,the goal of the family is to encourage independence,particularly that of the children.Unlike the Chinese,older Americans seldom live with their chil
4、dren.FriendsChinese people have different meanings to define friends.Just hanging out together time to time is not friendship.Friendship means lifelong friends who feel it deeply necessary to give each other whatever help might seem required.Americans always call people they meet friends,so the defi
5、nition of friends is general and different.There are work friends,playing friends,school friends and drinking friends.EducationChinese people value education and career more than Americans,who in turn attach more great importance to good character and faith,which they think are of great value in the
6、ir lifeBasically China values the community and the USA values the individual.If you achieve something in the USA, its because you are great.While in China,if you achieve something,its because the team,or family,or company is great.Everything you do gets owed to the greater whole,while in American i
7、ndividual achievements are celebrated.1. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Americans lay more stress on faith and good personality.B. Americans think much of the individual and the community.C. Americans are mean with money to spend while Chinese are not.D. Americans define friendship almost
8、 the same.2. Which of the following can best describe the last difference? 答案和解析13.【答案】A、C、D【解析】21-23 ACDA. 细节理解题, Chinese people value education and career more than Americans,who in turn attach more great importance to good character and faith,which they think are of great value in their life 可知美国
9、人更注重信仰和良好的人格.故选A.21. C.细节理解题,根据While in China,if you achieve something,its because the team,or family,or company is great.Everything you do gets owed to the greater whole,while in American individual achievements are celebrated”可知团队和个人能最好地描述最后的差异.故选C.22. D.推理判断题,根据The following are 6cultural differe
10、nces between China and the USA to help promoting mutual understanding J可知写这篇文章的目的是介绍中美之间的文化差异.故选D. 短文介绍了中国人和美国人之间的文化差异,包括隐私,朋友,金钱,教育和个人团体之间的不 同.此题主要考查学生的细节理解和推理判断能力.做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题 干进行比较,再做出正确选择.在做推理判断题时不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根 据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.47.【答案】B、B、A、C【解析】(1)B,细节理解题.根据文章第一段第一句Tea, the most
11、typical of English drinks, is a relative latecomer to British shores.可知茶,最典型的英国饮料,可知,喝茶是一个重要的英国 传统.A. is the favorite pastime of the Dutch 是荷兰人最喜欢的消遣;B. is an important British tradition 是一个重要的英国传统;C. was well-received by the Portuguese centuries ago几百年前被葡萄牙人 所接受;D. could be found everywhere in the
12、world in 15601560 年世界各地都有.故选 B 项.(2) B.细节理解题.根据第三段前两句:Tea gained popularity quickly in the coffee houses,and by 1700 over 500 coffee houses sold it. This distressed the pub owners, as tea cut their sales of beer, and it was bad news for the government, who depended upon a steady stream of revenue (税
13、收)from taxes on liquor sales.可知.茶的流行使酒吧老板很苦恼,因为茶的出售削减了他们的啤 酒销量,这对政府来说是个坏消息,因为政府依赖于来自酒类销售税收的稳定收入.可知茶的流 行使酒吧老板很苦恼.A. Coffee house owners.咖啡馆老板.B. Wine sellers.卖酒的.C. Britains lower classes.英国的下层阶级.D. Smugglers.走私犯.故选B项.(3) A.细节理解题.结合文章第四段:This was just the start of government attempts to control, or a
14、t least,to profit from the popularity of tea in Britain. By the mid-18th century the duty on tea had reached a rid iculous 119 percent. This heavytaxation had the effect of creating a whole new industry - tea smuggling (走 私) Ships from Holland and Scandinavia brought tea to the British coast,then st
15、ood offshore while smugglers met them and unloaded the precious cargo in small vessels. The s mugglers, often local fishermen,secretly moved the tea inland through underground passages and hidden paths to special hiding places. One of the best hiding places was in the local church!这种重税造成了 一个全新的产业,茶叶
16、走私.来 自荷兰和斯堪的纳维亚的船只,把茶叶带到了英国海岸,然后停靠在近海,走私者与他们会面, 用小船卸下珍贵的货物.走私者,通常是当地的渔民,通过地下通道和隐蔽的小路,秘密地将茶 叶运往内陆特殊的藏匿地点.最好的藏身之处就是当地的教堂!可以知道,因为对茶叶的重税, 促使茶叶走私的形成.当地渔民把走私的茶叶藏在当地的教堂,所以教堂为走私茶叶提供了便 利.故选A项.(4) C.细节理解题.理解文章最后一段:Finally,in 1784 William Pitt the Younger introduced the Commutation Act,which dropped the tax on
17、 tea from 119% to 12.5%, effectively ending smuggling. 最后,在 1784 年, 小威廉皮特引入了减税法案,将茶叶税从119%降至12.5% ,有效地终止了走私.掺假一直是个 问题,直到1875年的食品和药品法对这种行为进行了严厉的惩罚.可以得知,正是因为对茶 叶掺假的行为进行了严厉的惩罚后,茶叶市场才恢复了正常的秩序.故选C项.这是一篇社会文化类阅读,文章主要向我们讲述了茶在英国的发展历史.阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对
18、文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释.读者首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点.811 .【答案】D、C、A、D解析】1 . D 细节理解题.根据第一段最后一句 El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round,厄尔尼诺(El Nifio)看到多年积聚在西太平洋的暖水在通常向西
19、吹的风减弱或有时反过来向东回流.可知ElNifi。见证了西太平洋的海水向东倒流,当正常向西 吹的风减弱时,故D正确.2. C 细节理解题.根据第二段第二句 Rich countries gain more from powerful Nifio, on balance, than they lose.可知,富裕的国家从El Nifio现象里总的来说收获比损失更多,故C项正确.3. A 推理判断题.根据第四段第三句话 According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODD , however,just 12% of disaster-relief
20、 funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards根据海外发展研究所(ODI)的数据,在过去的二十年 中,只有12%的救灾资金用于预先降低风险,而不是事后进行恢复和重建.可知,政府鼓励更多 的投资应该投向风险的预防上,而不是灾后的重建上,故选A.4. D 目的意图题.根据最后一句Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from
21、 disasters linked to El Nino, reducing their losses needs to be the priority. ”由于最贫穷的人最不可能 弥补与厄尔尼诺现象有关的灾难所造成的损失,因此减少损失是当务之急.可知,各国政府要把 减少损失放在优先的位置.也就是说我们要事先做好准备.故D项正确.文章介绍了 ElNifio现象的由来,以及给一些国家带来的影响,最后提出要将资金花在预防而不 是重建上.本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读,题目涉及多道细节理解题.推理判断题,主旨大意题.做题时学生 应仔细阅读原文,把握文章主要内容,联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义,从中选
22、出正确 答案,一定要做到有理有据,切忌胡乱猜测.1215.【答案】D、C、C、B【解析】41. D 细节理解题.由第一段第三句This means that when they dont know a word, they are going to make a mistake, right in front of everyone. ”可知当他们不知道单词的时候,他们会犯错, 而且是在所有的人面前犯错,这会给他们带来一些害怕,故选D.42. C细节理解题.由第三段第一句The children sat stunned and silent.孩子们震惊和沉默地坐 着,可见孩子们很吃惊,难以令人
23、置信,故选C.43. C 推理判断题.由第四段最后一句She answered, Oh, sure, but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part”可知这个女孩知道如何欣赏这些文章,故选C.44. B归纳大意题.A孩子在阅读的时候不能够区别好的部分以及不好的部分;B应该留给学生 自己去选择,读什么以及如何读;C在学校阅读永远不会是一个愉快和启发性的体验;D阅读需 要理解每一部分的信息.其实根据常识可以判断C和D是错误的,然后再结合全文大意,作者认 为孩子不应该是强迫去读,要让他们自己读,选择材料读.故选B.从孩
24、子入学开始,我们就把书本和读书变成不断可能失败、当众受辱的源头.但是当他们不知道 单词怎么读的时候,他们会犯错,而且是在所有的人面前犯错,这会给他们带来一些害怕.所以 作者认为阅读应该是一种快乐的事,而不是强迫性的阅读,强调通过快乐阅读培养阅读习惯.本文是人物故事类阅读理解.做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文 和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案.推理判断题也是要在抓 住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案,切忌胡乱猜测,一定要做到有理有据1620,【答案】F、A、G、E、D【解析】(1) F.推理判断题。根据下文 If a child
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