(完整版)2016年度考研英语一真题与答案解析.pdf

《(完整版)2016年度考研英语一真题与答案解析.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《(完整版)2016年度考研英语一真题与答案解析.pdf（27页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 2016 考研英语(一)真题及参考答案 2015 年 12 月 28 日 Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s）for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。（10 points）In Cambodia the choice of a spous

2、e is a complex one for the young male。It may involve not only his parents and his friends，1 those of the young women,but also a matchmaker。A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations。or the young mans parents may make the choice of a spouse，gi

3、ving the child little to say in the selection。4 ,a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected,each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family。The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair.Formerly it lasted three days 7

4、 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half.Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing。Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting，9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the brides and grooms wrists,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and re

5、spected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wifes parents and may 12 with them up to a year，13 they can build a flew house nearby.Divorce is legal and easy to 14 ，but not common.Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval。Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 i

6、nto the marriage，and jointly acquired property is 18 equally.Divorced persons may remarry，but a gender prejudice 19 up。The divorced male doesnt have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait the months.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 1。A by

7、 way of B as well as C on behalf of D with regard to 2.A adapt to B provide for Ccompete with D decide on 3.A close B renew Carrange D postpone 4.A In theory B Above all C In time D For example 5.A Although B Lest C After D Unless 6.A into B within C from D through 7.A sine B or C but D so 8。A test

8、Bcopy Crecite D create 9.A folding B piling C wrapping D tying 10.A lighting B passing C hiding D serving 11。A meeting B association C collection Dunion 12。A grow B part C deal Dlive 13。A whereas B until C for D if 14。A obtain B follow C challenge Davoid 15.A isolated B persuaded C viewed D exposed

9、16。Awherever B however C whenever Dwhatever 17.A changed B brought C shaped D pushed 18。A divided B invested C donated D withdrawn 19.Aclears B warms C shows D breaks 20。Awhile B so what Conce D in that Section II Reading Comprehension 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一

10、真题与答案解析 Part A Directions：Read the following four texts。Answer the questions below each text by choosing A，B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.（40 points）Text 1 France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion,has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to def

11、ine physical beauty for woman。Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that“incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting m

12、otives。They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health.That s a start。And the ban on ultrathin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health as some have done。It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for t

13、he signal it sends women,especially teenage girls,about the social tape measure they must use to determine their individual worth。The bans,if fully enforced，would suggest to woman(and many men)that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty。And perhaps faintly,they hint that people shoul

14、d look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or waspwaist physiques。The French measures,however,rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and boneshowing。Under the law，using a fashion model

15、that does not meet a governmentdefined index of body mess could result in a$85，000 fine and six months in prison。欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types。In

16、 Denmark,the United States，and a few other countries，it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement。In contrast to Frances actions,Denmarks fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age，health，and other

17、characteristics of models。The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states,we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals，especially on young people。The charters main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agenc

18、ies to Copenhagen。Fashion week,which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute.But in general it relies on a nameand-shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step.Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty

19、beyond the material standards of a particular industry。21。According to the first paragraph,what would happen in France?A Physical beauty would be redefined B New runways would be constructed C Websites about dieting would thrive D The fashion industry would decline 22.The phrase“impinging on（Line2 P

20、ara2)is closest in meaning to A heightening the value of B indicating the state of C losing faith in D doing harm to 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry A The French measures have already failed B New stand

21、ards are being set in Denmark C Models are no longer under peer pressure D Its inherent problems are getting worse 24.A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for A setting perfect physical conditions B caring too much about models character C showing little concern for health factors D pursu

22、ing a high age threshold for models 25。Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?A A challenge to the Fashion Industrys Body Ideals B A Dilemma for the starving models in France C Just Another Round of struggle for beauty D The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry Text 2 For the first

23、 time in the history more people live in towns than in the country.In Britain this has had a curious result。While polls show Britons rate“the countryside alongside the royal family.Shakespeare and the National Health Service(NHS）as what make them proudest of their country,this has limited political

24、support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save“the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”。It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience“a refreshing air”.Hills pressure later led to th

25、e creation of national parks and green 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 belts.They dont make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it。It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this

26、 sentiment.The Conservatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation，even authorizing“offplan”building where local people might object.The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable.Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where

27、 councils oppose development。The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance，has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land.Its campaign to protect Rural England struck terror into many local conservative parties。The sensible place to build new houses fac

28、tories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts。What is true of London is even truer of the provinces。

29、The idea that“housing crisis”equals“concreted meadows is pure lobby talk.The issue is not the need for more houses but，as always,where to put them under lobby pressure，George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal.He favours outoftown shopping sites against high streets

30、。This is not a free market but a biased one。Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow。They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character。We do not ruin urban conservation areas.Why ruin rural ones？Development should be planned,not let trip，After the Neth

31、erlands，Britain is Europes most crowed country.Half a century of town and country planning has enable 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 it to retain an enviable rural coherence,while still permitting low density urban living。There is no doubt of the alternativet

32、he corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal,Spain or Ireland。Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26。Britains public sentiment about the countryside A is not well reflected in politics B is fully backed by the royal family C didnt start fi

33、ll the Shakespearean age D has brought much benefit to the NHS 27.According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being A largely overshadowed B properly protected C effectively reinforced D gradually destroyed 28。Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3 A Labou

34、r is under attack for opposing development B The Conservatives may abandon“off-plan”building C Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation D The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence 29。The author holds that George Osborness preference A shows his disregard for the character of

35、rural area B stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis C highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure D reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 30。In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of A

36、the size of population in Britain B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain C the townand-country planning in Britain D the political life in todays Britain Text 3 “There is one and only one social responsibility of business”wrote Milton Friedman,a Nobel Prize-winning economist“That is,to use its re

37、sources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits。But even if you accept Friedmans premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR）policies as a waste of shareholderss money,things may not be absolutely clear-act.New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for com

38、panies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than$15 billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG,a consulting firm。This could add value to their businesses in three ways。First,consumers may take CSR spending as a“signa

39、l”that a companys products are of high quality。Second,customers may be willing to buy a companys products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps。And third,through a more diffuse“halo effect”whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous stud

40、ies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three.A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under Americans Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a companys products

41、 as part 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect。The study found that，among prosecuted firms,those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties。Their analysis r

42、uled out the possibility that it was firms political influence,rather than their CSR stand,that accounted for the leniency：Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all,the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its m

43、erits,they do seem to be influenced by a companys record in CSR.“We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labourrights concern，such as child labour，or increasing corporate giving by about20%result in fines that generally are 40%lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials

44、。”says one researcher。Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR。Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect，rather than the other possible benefits，when they companies get into trouble with the law,evidence o

45、f good character can win them a less costly punishment.31。The author views Milton Friedmans statement about CSR with A uncertainty B skepticism C approval D tolerance 32。According to Paragraph 2,CSR helps a company by A guarding it against malpractices 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！

46、(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 B protecting it from consumers C winning trust from consumers.D raising the quality of its products 33。The expression“more lenient”（line 2，Para。4)is closest in meaning to A less controversial B more lasting C more effective D less severe 34.When prosecutors evaluate a case，a

47、 companys CSR record A comes across as reliable evidence B has an impact on their decision C increases the chance of being penalized D constitutes part of the investigation 35.Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph？A The necessary amount of companies spending on it is

48、unknown B Companies financial capacity for it has been overestimated C Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked D It has brought much benefit to the banking industry Text 4 There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint。Exactly when tha

49、t day will be is a matter of debate。“Sometime in the future，”the papers publisher said back in 2010。Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside，theres plenty of incentive to ditch print。The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的

50、文档！(完整版)2016 年度考研英语一真题与答案解析 printing presses,delivery trucks isnt just expensive;its excessive at a time when onlineonly competitors dont have the same set of financial constraints。Readers are migrating away from print anyway。And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts