1987年考研英语真题及解析.pdf
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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!1987 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题 Section I Close Test For each numbered blank in the following passage there are four choices labeled A,B,C and D.Choose the best one and put your choice in the ANSWER SHEET.Read the whole passage before making your choice.(10 poi
2、nts)Cheques have 1 replaced money as a means of exchange for they are widely accepted everywhere.Though this is very convenient for both buyer and seller,it should not be forgotten that cheques are not real money:they are quite valueless in themselves.A shop-keeper always runs a certain 2 when he ac
3、cepts a cheque and he is quite 3 his rights if on occasion,he refuses to do so.People do not always know this and are shocked if their good faith is called 4 .An old and very wealthy friend of mine told me he had an extremely unpleasant experience.He went to a famous jewelry shop which keeps a large
4、 5 of precious stones and asked to be shown some pearl necklaces.After examining several trays,he decided to buy a particularly fine string of pearls and asked if he could pay by Cheques.The assistant said that this was quite 6 but the moment my friend signed his name,he was invited into the manager
5、s office.The manager was very polite,but he explained that someone with exactly the same name had presented them with a worthless Cheque not long ago.My friend got very angry when he heard this and said he would buy a necklace somewhere else.11When he got up to go,the manager told him that the polic
6、e would arrive at any moment and he had better stay 7 he wanted to get into serious trouble.12 8 ,the police arrived soon afterwards.13They apologized to my friend for the 9 ,but explained that a person who had used the same name as his was responsible for a number of recent robberies.14Then the pol
7、ice asked my friend to copy out a note which had been used by the thief in a number of shops.15The note 10 :“I have a gun in my pocket.Ask no questions and give me all the money in the safe.”16Fortunately,my friends handwriting was quite unlike the thiefs.17He was not only allowed to go without furt
8、her delay,but to take the string of pearls with him.356 words 1.A exactly B really C largely D thoroughly 2.A danger B chance C risk D opportunity 3.A within B beyond C without D out of 4.A in difficulty B in doubt C in earnest D in question 5.A amount B stock C number D store 6.A in order B in need
9、 C in use D in common 7.A whether B if C otherwise D unless 8.A Really B Sure enough C Certainly D However 9.A treatment B manner C inconvenience D behaviour 10.A read B told C wrote D informed 一、文章结构分析 本文记述了一位老者一次用支票支付的经历。欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!第一段总说,介绍支票的广泛使用及使用中存在的问题:本身并无价
10、值,因此店员有时会拒绝接受支票。第二至三段具体讲述了一次支票支付的经历。第二段介绍人物、事情发生的地点及起因。第三段记叙了事情的发展及结尾。二、试题具体分析 1 A exactly 确切地,精确地 B really 事实上;确实,的确 C largely 在很大程度上,主要地 D thoroughly 非常,完全;仔细,缜密 本题考核的知识点是:常识+副词辨析。快速解题空格所在的句子是全文首句,基本结构完整,句意清楚。因此,考生关键要判断哪个副词代入文中符合逻辑语义。根据常识,“支票已经确切地、事实上或完全取代了现金”均不符合事实逻辑,只有 largely 代入文中强调“支票在很大程度上取代现
11、金”符合逻辑,因此C为正确选项。篇章分析第一段介绍故事发生的背景。句是全文引子。句指出支票已成为普及的付款手段的事实,句转折指出支票付款存在的问题及带来的结果:有时店员可能不接受支票付款。空格设置 本题考查句中做状语的程度副词 largely,例句:He resigned largely because of the stories in the press.他的辞职多半是因为新闻界的一些报道。干扰项设置 其他项都是常用副词,且 thoroughly 也是程度副词。例句:I know exactly how she felt.我完全清楚她的感受。Tell me what really happ
12、ened.告诉我究竟发生了什么事。Now I really must go.我确实得走了。Im thoroughly confused.我完全给搞糊涂了。The work had not been done very thoroughly.这工作做得不太认真。2.A danger 危险,危害 B chance 可能性;机会,时机;风险 C risk 危险,风险 D opportunity 时机,机会 本题考核的知识点是:固定搭配。快速解题上文说支票并非真正的钱(not real money),本身是没有价值的(valueless)。本句紧接着指出当店员接受支票时,他总是在。根据逻辑,既然支票无
13、价值,那么接受支票付款应当“存在风险性”,上下两句间暗含着因果的逻辑关系。空格处填入的名词做 runs的宾语,runs a certain 2 即应表示店员“冒险”的含义。选项中,只有 risk 可以与 run搭配,run the risk(of doing sth)/run risks 表示“冒的危险,冒险(做某事)”,符合文意。其他项或不符合文中搭配,或不符合文意,应排除。篇章分析 句是过渡句,由上文泛泛而谈支票支付的问题具体到在商店购物时使用支票的情况,并引出下文两段关于此的一次具体经历的讲述。空格设置本题考查了 risk 的固定动宾搭配。例句:Investment is all abo
14、ut running risks.投资就是要冒风险。We dont want to run the risk of losing their business.我们不想冒险失去他们的生意。其他包含 risk 的表示“冒险”的搭配还有 at the risk of doing sth 冒着的风险,at risk to sb/sth 冒伤及的危险,take a risk/take risks(to do sth)冒险(做某事)。干扰项设置其他项都是常用名词。其中,danger 构成对 risk 的近义干扰,chance 与opportunity 近义,构成对 risk 的反义干扰。danger 常
15、做不可数名词,如:in/out of danger 处于危险中/脱离危险,当表示“危险,坏事发生的可能性”时可用作可数或不可数,后面必须接 of sth 或 that 同位语从句进行修饰,如:There is a danger that the political disorder of the past will return.昔日的政治动乱现在有可能重演。chance 常表示希望发生的事的可能性,如:There is no chance that he will change his mind.他不可能改变主意。它还与 opportunity 近义,表示“时机”,如:Youll have
16、the chance/opportunity to ask any questions at the end.你们最后欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!将有机会提问任何问题。注意 chance 也可指“风险,冒险”,常与 take 搭配,如:When installing electrical equipment dont take any chances.A mistake could kill.安装电器设备时千万不要冒险,弄错了有可能出人命。3.A within 在(某段时间、距离、范围或限度)之内 B beyond 在(或向)较
17、远的一边;晚于;超出,多于,非所能及 C without 没有,缺乏;不和在一起;不用,不拿,不带;不(做某事)D out of 出来,出去;远离;脱离,除去;从,用制作;没有,缺少;由于 本题考核的知识点是:上下文语义+介词用法。快速解题句是由 and 连接的并列句,and 表明分句间是承接关系,即分句内容一致:前一分句说明支票支付存在风险,后一分句即应说明拒绝支票的合理性;其次,根据下文内容,珠宝店的店员确实拒绝了主人公的支票并将事情通报经理,可见他的做法也是合理的。因此只有Awithin 符合文意,它在文中指“(拒绝支票)在他(店员)的权力范围内”。篇章分析句是由 and 连接的并列句,
18、本题空格所在的后一分句的主语 he 即指第一个分句的主语 a shop keeper,两个分句中分别含有由 when 和 if 引导的状语从句,从句中 accepts与 refuses 反义复现。空格设置本题通过考查介词实则考查了对上下文语义的理解。文中用到 within“在范围内”的抽象含义,例句:The question is not within the scope of this talk.那个问题不在本次会谈范围之内。干扰项设置其他项都是常用的介词(词组),其中 beyond 与 out of 构成对 within 的反义干扰,without 构成对 within 的形近干扰。例句:
19、The road continues beyond the village up into the hills.那条路经过村子后又往上延伸到群山中。It wont go on beyond midnight.这事不会延续到午夜以后。She got nothing beyond her state pension.除了政府发的养老金外,她什么都没有。The bicycle was beyond repair.自行车已坏得无法修理。They had gone two days without food.他们已经两天没吃东西了。Dont go without me.别甩下我就走。He left wi
20、thout saying goodbye.他不辞而别。The ship sank ten miles out of Stockholm.那条船沉没在距斯德哥尔摩十英里外海。Try and stay out of trouble.尽量别惹麻烦。He drank his beer out of the bottle.他从瓶口直接喝啤酒。Were out of milk.我们没有牛奶了。I asked out of curiosity.我因为好奇问了问。4.A in difficulty 在困难、困境中 B in doubt 不肯定,不确定 C in earnest 严肃地,认真地,郑重其事 D i
21、n question 有疑问,不确定 本题考核的知识点是:固定搭配。快速解题句承接上文,说明人们并不总是知道这一点(店员有权在某些情况下拒收支票)而且如果他们的好信誉他们会感到震惊。我们知道,支票是一种以信誉度为基础的支付手段,因此如果某人的信誉度有问题则他的支票就无法兑现(上文句 a certain risk 即指着这样的风险),而这样的支票肯定不会被商店接受。空格处填入一个介词短语,is called 4 表明的是信誉度有问题(因而支票被拒)的情况。call sth in/into question 是固定短语,意为“怀疑,引起怀疑”,它代入文中,指“好信誉受到质疑”,符合文意,因此选D。
22、篇章分析 句是二段首句,承接上文句,一起过渡到下文对一次具体支付经历的讲述。句总起下文有关的讲述。句的谓语部分是由 and 连接的一个动宾(do not always know this)和一个系表结构(are shocked 震惊,惊愕),第一部分谓语中的宾语 this 指代上文句内容,实现与上文的衔接。if与句中 an extremely unpleasant experience 呼应,引起下文的描述。空格设置 本题考查了基本动词 call 的一个习语。例句:His honest has never been called into question.他的诚实从未受到过怀疑。注意 in
23、question 也是一个固定短语,它可指“讨论或议论中的;有疑问,不确定”,如:On the day in question we were in Beijing.在所说的那一天,欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!我们在北京。The future of public transport is not in question.公共交通的未来发展是不容置疑的。干扰项设置其他项都是常用的介词短语,其中 in doubt 构成对 in question 的近义干扰,但它并不与 call 搭配。例句:The bank is in diffic
24、ulty.这家银行处境困难。The success of the system is not in doubt.这种制度成功确定无疑。The work on the house will begin in earnest on Monday.这栋房子的修建工作将在星期一正式开始。You may laugh but Im in deadly earnest.你可以笑,不过我可是正经八百的。5.A amount 金额;数量,数额 B stock 现货,存货;贮备物,供应物;股本,股份 C number 数字;数量,数额 D store 商店;贮存物;(stores)(某类)商品,物品;仓库 本题考
25、核的知识点是:名词辨析。快速解题空格所在部分是 which 引导的定语从句,修饰 jewelry shop,说明的是珠宝店的存货。选项中 stock 可具体表示“(商店的)现货,存货”,而其他三项用于 a largeof sth的结构中都指“大量的”,a store of 还可指“一商店的”,因此,只有 stock 准确地表达了文意,为最佳答案。空格设置本题考查了 stock 的特殊含义,以及考生根据语境选择最恰当词汇的能力。We dont carry a large stock of pine furniture.松木家具我们备货不多。a countrys housing stock 一个国
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