2016考研英语一真题和答案解析详细解析.pdf
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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!.1/19 2015 年考研英语一真题及答案详细解析 2015 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及答案详细解析 Section I Use of English:Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.Though not biologically related,friends are as re
2、lated as fourth cousins,sharing about 1%of genes.That is _a study,published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,has_.The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted _1,932 unique subjects which _pairs of unrelated friends and unr
3、elated strangers.The same people were used in both_.While 1%may seem_,it is not so to a geneticist.As James Fowler,professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego,says,Most people do not even _their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who_our kin.The study_found that the
4、genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity.Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain,for now,_,as the team suggests,it draws us to similar environments but there is more_it.There could be many mechanisms working together that _us in choosing g
5、enetically similar friends_functional Kinship of being friends with_!One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes seem to be evolution_than other genes Studying this could help_why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years,with social environment being a major_factor.
6、The findings do not simply explain peoples_to befriend those of similar_backgrounds,say the researchers.Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction,care was taken to_that all subjects,friends and strangers,were taken from the same population.1.A when B why C how D wha
7、t 2.A defended B concluded C withdrawn D advised 3.A for B with C on D by 4.A compared B sought C separated D connected 5.A tests B objects Csamples D examples 6.A insignificant B unexpected Cunbelievable D incredible 7.A visit B miss C seek D know 8.A resemble B influence C favor D surpass 9.A agai
8、n B also C instead D thus 10.A Meanwhile B Furthermore C Likewise D Perhaps 11.A about B to Cfrom Dlike 12.A drive B observe C confuse Dlimit 13.A according to B rather than C regardless of D along with 14.A chances Bresponses Cmissions Dbenefits 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!.2/19
9、15.A later Bslower C faster D earlier 16.Aforecast Bremember Cunderstand Dexpress 17.A unpredictable Bcontributory C controllable D disruptive 18.A endeavor Bdecision Carrangement D tendency 19.A political B religious C ethnic D economic 20.A see B show C prove D tell Section II Reading Comprehensio
10、n Part A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.Text 1 King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings dont abdicate,they dare in their sleep.But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican l
11、eft in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.So,does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days?Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals,with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle?The Spanish case provides
12、 arguments both for and against monarchy.When public opinion is particularly polarised,as it was following the end of the Franco regime,monarchs can rise above mere politics and embody a spirit of national unity.It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs continuing populari
13、ty polarized.And also,the Middle East excepted,Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world,with 10 kingdoms.But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia,most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but
14、respected public figure.Even so,kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside.Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be,their very historyand sometimes the way they behave today embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities.At a time when Thomas Piketty and other economists are
15、warning of rising inequality and the increasing power of inherited wealth,it is bizarre that wealthy aristocratic families should still be the symbolic heart of modern democratic states.The most successful monarchies strive to abandon or hide their old aristocratic ways.Princes and princesses have d
16、ay-jobs and ride bicycles,not horses.Even so,these are wealthy families who party with the international 1%,and media intrusiveness makes it increasingly difficult to maintain the right image.While Europes monarchies will no doubt be smart enough to survive for some time to come,it is the British ro
17、yals who have most to fear from the Spanish example.It is only the Queen who has preserved the monarchys reputation with her rather ordinary granny style.The danger will come with Charles,who has both an expensive taste of lifestyle and a pretty hierarchical view of the world.He has failed to unders
18、tand that monarchies have largely survived because they provide a service as non-controversial and non-political heads of state.Charles ought to know that as English history shows,it is kings,not republicans,who are the monarchys worst enemies.21.According to the first two Paragraphs,King Juan Carlo
19、s of Spain 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档,本文档来源于互联网,如有侵权请联系删除!我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档!.3/19 A used turn enjoy high public support B was unpopular among European royals C cased his relationship with his rivals Dended his reign in embarrassment 22.Monarchs are kept as heads of state in Europe mostly A owing to their undoubted an
20、d respectable status B to achieve a balance between tradition and reality C to give voter more public figures to look up to Ddue to their everlasting political embodiment 23.Which of the following is shown to be odd,according to Paragraph 4?A Aristocrats excessive reliance on inherited wealth B The
21、role of the nobility in modern democracies C The simple lifestyle of the aristocratic families DThe nobilitys adherence to their privileges 24.The British royals have most to fear because Charles A takes a rough line on political issues B fails to change his lifestyle as advised C takes republicans
22、as his potential allies D fails to adapt himself to his future role 25.Which of the following is the best title of the text?A Carlos,Glory and Disgrace Combined B Charles,Anxious to Succeed to the Throne C Carlos,a Lesson for All European Monarchs DCharles,Slow to React to the Coming Threats Text 2
23、Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data?The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling part
24、icularly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest.It is hard,the state argues,for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Calif
25、ornias advice.Enough of the implications are discernable,even obvious,so that the justices can and should provide updated guidelines to police,lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding Californias lame argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone a vast storehouse of digital in
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