3．定语从句.ppt

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1、3定语从句定语从句在复合句中起定语作用，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句，叫做定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的同叫先行词先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的关系浏为关系代词关系代词that，which，who，Whom，whose和关系副词关系副词when，where，why等，关系代词或关系副词的选择取决于先行词的意义。定语从句的基本结构结构为：先行词先行词+关系词关系词+定语从句。定语从句。(1)先行词表示人的，用who，that，whom，whose引导。who，that可作从句中的主语、宾语、表语；whom可作从句中的宾语。如：The boy-is called Roy-男

2、孩叫罗伊。打坏窗户的who broke the windowThe noodles-were delicious-面条很好吃。我做的that I cookedThe man-cant come today-那个人今天不能来了。你在等的whom you are waiting for whose作从句中的定语，先行词可指人也可指物。如：The girl-is my good friend那个女孩-是我的好朋友。名叫简的whose name is Jane(2)先行词先行词表示物物时，用关系代词that，which引导，that，which在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。如：Tom told his

3、mother all-Tom把-全部告诉了他的妈妈。把发生事情的that had happened The room-is a good one-那个房问条件很优越。李先生住的Which MrLi lives in(3)先行词表示时间时，用关系副词when引导When在从句中作时间状语作时间状语。如：I still remember the day-我还记得-那一天。我遇见他的when I met him(4)先行词表示地点时，用关系副词where引导，where在从句中作地点状语地点状语。如：Have yon ever returned to the school-?你回过-那个学校吗?你曾

4、经读书的where you studied(5)先行词先行词表示原因原因时，用关系副词why引导，先行词只有reason一词。如：Do you know the reason-你知道-原因吗?她迟到的why she was late?特别提示特别提示下列情况中，定语从句只能用that引导，不能用who或which引导。(1)当序数词序数词或形容词最高级形容词最高级修饰修饰先行词先行词时。如：This is the best book-这是-最好的书。我读过的(that)I have ever read (2)当先行词先行词是all。little，much，none。everything，any

5、thing，nothing等指物的不定代词不定代词时。Is there anything-?还有-地方吗?你不懂的(that)you dont understand但如果先行词是anyone，anybodyeveryoneeverybody，someone，somebody等表示人的不定代词时，应用who或whom。(3)当先行同前面有only，no，first，Just，all等修饰时。如：I Want to read all the books-我想-书全读完。把鲁迅写得的that were written by LuXun(4)当主句是以疑问词who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如：W

6、ho is the boy-?-男孩是谁?正在踢球的that is playing football关系代词的省略：一般情况下that，which，who，whom在从句中作宾宾语语时，可以省略省略，但但以下情况不能省略(1)关系代词that在从句中作介词的宾语介词的宾语时，不能省略，而且介词不能放在介词不能放在that前面前面，只能放在从句中有关动词的后面。如：The woman-is her teacher人是她的老师。正在和她谈话的that she is talking with(2)关系代词which，whom在从句中作介词的宾语介词的宾语时，不能不能省略，介词可以放在which，wh

7、om之前，也可以放在从句有关动词后面，以使关系代词紧跟它修饰的先行词。如：Ill never forget the day-我永远不会忘记-那一天。我加入俱乐部的on which I joined the club 注意：that，which，who在从句中作主语时，不能省略。如：Who is the boy-？-那个男孩是谁?在和我们老师谈话的that is talking with our teacher()1Jenny is on holiday now1 wonder (2011河北)Awhen she will come back Bwhen she came back Cwhen

8、will she come back Dwhen did she corne back()2As we all knowplanting trees is good for the environmentOur class will go to the Sur Island tomorrowAs soon as we there we11 begin to plant trees(2011哈尔滨)Aarrived Barrive Cwill arrive()3一Can you tell methe prize，Tom?一Last year(2012北京)Awhen you got Bwhen

9、did you get Cwhen will you get Dwhen you will get()4There will be a flower show in the park we visited last week(2012广东)Awho Bwhen Cwhat Dwhich()5一1 want to know When MrBrown wiE arrive 一When he，1 will tell you(2012 成都)Awill arrive Barrived Carriyes()6The first thingmy brother is going to盘 this aftemoon is to write a letter(2011广东j