备战高考2023年全国通用英语复习考点汇编31-阅读理解应用文（重难题型）（原卷版）.docx

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1、考点31阅读理解应用文（重难题型）应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体，它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简介、商品说明与介绍、 新闻报道等，形式多样，题材各异，如图示、表格等。英语考试说明对“读”的能力要求之一是：要 求考生读懂一般性话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中的简短文章并能识别 不同文体的特征。研读近年全国各地的高考试题可以看出，应用文是高考阅读理解命题的重要体裁之一。 现简要介绍应用文的特点、类型和解题技巧。一、应用文阅读试题的文体特点应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当.一般说来, 应用文英语阅读试题具有以下特点：1 .

2、选材特点信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活，用最少的篇幅表达最大量的信息。2 .内容特点生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。3 .形式特点标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章的结构更鲜明。4 .语言特点人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。5 .命题特点主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题 的考查，题目设置相对较容易。二、应用文的主要类型应用文的类型主要有：同主题广告，混合型广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、 问卷调查、告示、参观须知、

3、申请书、个人简介等。三、应用文解题技巧点拨高考应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前 提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形（如同义改写、词性转换等），因此要找到答 案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是 文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：6 .先题后文先读试题,了解试题考点;明确目的,快速捕捉，获取信息。winners of each group. Ar

4、t supply pouches (小袋子)for two honorable mention winners of each group. Teens (13-17): First place $100; second place $75; third place $50. Art supply pouches for two honorable mention winners. Adults (18+): First place $100; second place $75; third place $50. An art supply pouch fbr one honorable me

5、ntion winner.All cash prizes will be awarded as gift cards.Awards CeremonySave the date for our virtual Awards Ceremony on August 28, 2022 at 2:00-4:00pm. At this awards ceremony, contest winners will be announced and guest speakers will offer inspirational messages to contest participants. Register

6、 to receive a videoconferencing invitation.19. Which of the following will result in disqualification?A Submitting computer generated images. B .C. Sending a graphic novel of 10 pages. D.20. What will a 16-year-old first prize winner get?Emailing your entry on July 30, 2022.Mailing your entry to San

7、 Jose Public Library.A. $75 in cash.C. An art supply pouch.B. A $100 gift card.D. A gift and art supply basket.21. What do we know about the Awards Ceremony?A. It will be held online.B. It will take place on July 31, 2022.C. Winners will give speeches at it.D. Winners will get its invitation in adva

8、nce.真题过关【2022年高考真题】1.【2022年新高考I卷A篇】Grading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E.Essays (60%)Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 =15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4

9、= 20%.Group Assignments (30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业)during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10

10、%)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous class* lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I w

11、ill assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded.Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it w

12、ill earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.21. Where is this text probably taken from?A. A textbook.B. An exam paper.C. A course plan.D. An academic article.22. How many parts is a studenfs f

13、inal grade made up of?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A. You will receive a zero.B. You will lose a letter grade.C. You will be given a test.D. You will have to rewrite it.2. 2021年全国甲卷A篇】Theatres and EntertainmentSt Davids HallS

14、t Davids Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very heart of Cardiffs entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall, St Davids Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop, rock, folk jazz, musical

15、s, dance, world music, films and classical music.The Hayes, Cardiff CF10 1AHThe Glee ClubEvery weekend this is Wales premier comedy club where having a great time is the order for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasnt been on the stage here. If you are loo

16、king for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should start here.Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF 10 5BZSherman CymruSherman Cymrus theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, a

17、rtists, writers and anyone else have the opportunity （机会）to do creative things. Sherman Cymru is excited to present a packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the rest of the world.Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF24 4YENew TheatreThe New Theatre has been th

18、e home of quality drama, musicals, dance and childrens shows for more than 100 years. Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UKs touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiffs oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a visit as part of your stay in the city.Park Place

19、, Cardiff CF10 3LN 21. Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted?A. At the New Theatre.B. At the Glee Club.C. At Sherman Cymru.D. At St Davids Hall.22. What can people do at the Glee Club?A. Watch musicals.B.Enjoy comedies.C. See family shows.D.Do creative things.23. Which website can you visit to lea

20、rn about Cardiffs oldest surviving theatre?A. B.C. D.3. 2021年全国乙卷A篇】Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it

21、is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait (肖像画)Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct., 15.00 DUNCAN

22、 THOMSONRaeburn s English Con temporariesThursday 30 Oct., 13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation inRaeburn s PortraitsThursday 6 Nov., 13.10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONRaeburn and Artist s Training in the 18th CenturyThursday 13 Nov., 13.10MARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday一Saturday 10.00 17.45Su

23、nday 12.00 17.45Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.Closed: 24 - 26 December and 1 January.Admission4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time ed

24、ucation, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.21. What is the right time for attending Raeburn s English Contemporaries ?A. Sun. 26 Oct.B. Thurs. 30 Oct.C. Thurs. 6 Nov.D. Thurs.13 Nov.22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admiss

25、ion?A. 4.B.8.C.12.D. 16.23. How can full-time students get group discounts?A. They should go on Sunday mornings.B. They should come from art schools.C. They must be led by teachers.D. They must have ID cards with them.4.12022年新高考2卷】Childrens Discovery MuseumGeneral Information about Group PlayPricin

26、gGroup Play $7/personScholarshipsWe offer scholarships to low-income schools and youth organizations, subject to availability. Participation in a post-visit survey is required.Scholarships are for Group Play admission fees and/or transportation. Transportation invoices （发票）must be received within 60

27、 days of your visit to guarantee the scholarship.Group SizeWe require one chaperone （监护人）per ten children. Failure to provide enough chaperones will result in an extra charge of $50 per absent adult.Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more, please ca

28、ll to discuss options.HoursThe Museum is open daily from 9:30 am to 4:30 pm.Group Play may be scheduled during any day or time the Museum is open.Registration PolicyRegistration must be made at least two weeks in advance.Register online or fill out a Group Play Registration Form with multiple date a

29、nd start time options.Once the registration form is received and processed, we will send a confirmation email within two business days.GuidelinesTeachers and chaperones should model good behavior fbr the group and remain with students at all times.Children are not allowed unaccompanied in all areas

30、of the Museum.Children should play nicely with each other and exhibits.Use your indoor voice when at the Museum.1. What does a group need to do if they are offered a scholarship?A. Prepay the admission fees.B. Use the Museums transportation.C. Take a survey after the visit.D. Schedule their visit on

31、 weekdays.2. How many chaperones are needed fbr a group of 30 children to visit the Museum?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.3. What are children prohibited from doing at the Museum?A. Using the computer.B. Talking with each other.C. Touching the exhibits.D. Exploring the place alone.【2021年高考真题】2021年新高

32、考I卷A篇】Rome can be pricey for travelers, which is why many choose to stay in a hostel （旅社）.The hostels in Rome offer a bed in a dorm room for around $ 25 a night, and for that, youll often get to stay in a central location （位置）with security and comfort.Yellow HostelIf I had to make just one recommend

33、ation for where to stay in Rome, it would be Yellow Hostel. Its one of the best-rated hostels in the city, and for good reason. Its affordable, and its got a fun atmosphere without being too noisy. As an added bonus, ifs close to the main train station.Hostel Alessandro PalaceIf you love social host

34、els, this is the best hostel for you in Rome. Hostel Alessandro Palace is fun. Staff members hold plenty of bar events for guests like free shots, bar crawls and karaoke. Theres also an area on the rooftop for hanging out with other travelers during the summer.Youth Station HostelIf youre looking fo

35、r cleanliness and a modern hostel, look no further than Youth Station. It offers beautiful furnishings and beds. There are plenty of other benefits, too; it doesnt charge city tax; it has both air conditioning and a heater for the rooms; it also has free Wi-Fi in every room.Hotel and Hostel Des Arti

36、stesHotel and Hostel Des Artistes is located just a 10-minute walk from the central city station and its close to all of the citys main attractions. The staff is friendly and helpful, providing you with a map of the city when you arrive, and offering advice if you require some. However, you need to

37、pay 2 euros a day for Wi-Fi.1 .What is probably the major concern of travelers who choose to stay in a hostel?A.Comfort.B.Security.C.Price.D.Location.2 .Which hotel best suits people who enjoy an active social life?A.Yellow Hostel. B.Hostel Alessandro Palace.C.Youth Station Hostel. D.Hotel and Hoste

38、l Des Artistes.3 .What is the disadvantage of Hotel and Hostel Des Artistes?A.It gets noisy at night. B.Its staff is too talkative.C.It charges for Wi-Fi. D.Its inconveniently located.2. 2021 年全国甲卷 A 篇】Take a view, the Landscape （风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie Waite, one

39、of todays most respected landscape photographers. Each year, the high standard of entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the best photography of the British landscape. Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyon

40、d.Mike Shepherd (2011) Skiddaw in Winter Cumbria, EnglandIt was an extremely cold winters evening and freezing fog hung in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep, and thought it was only a short climb. I found myself completely a

41、bove it and looking at a wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sun setting in the west. 1 used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black-and-white image (图像).Timothy Smith (2014) Macclesfield Forest Cheshire, EnglandT was ba

42、ck in my home town of Macclesfield to take some winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards Shutlingsloe, a local high point, I came across a small clearing and immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed i

43、t centrally to take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.l.Who would most probably enter for Take a view?A.Writers. B.Photographers.C.Painters. D.Tourists.What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common?A.They are winter images.B.They are in black and white.C.They show m

44、ountainous scenes.D.They focus on snow-covered forests.2 .Where can the text be found?A.In a history book. B.In a novel. C.In an art magazine. D.In a biography.3. 2021年全国乙卷A篇】The Biggest Stadiums in the WorldPeople have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D.,

45、the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the worlds best-known stadium and continues to inform contemporary design. Romes Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating 50, 000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the citys Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,

46、000 people.These days, safety regulationsnot to mention the modern sports fans desire for a good view and a comfortable seattend to keep stadium capacities (容量)slightly lower. Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.For the biggest stadiu

47、ms in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.All these stadiums are still functional, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport. Rung

48、rado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150, 000. Opened: May 1, 1989.Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. Capacity: 107, 601. Opened: October 1, 1927. Beaver Stadium, Sate College, Pennsylvania, U.S. Capacity: 106, 572. Opened: September 17, 1960. Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U.S. Capacity: 104, 944. Opened: October 7, 1922. Kyle Field College Station, Texas, U.S. Capacity: 102, 512. Opened: September 24, 1927.l.How many pe