英语复合句的翻译ppt课件.ppt

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1、第二讲第二讲 英语复合句的英语复合句的翻译翻译2012-2-172012-2-17张伟红张伟红主要内容主要内容一、英语名词性从句的翻译一、英语名词性从句的翻译二、英语定语从句的翻译二、英语定语从句的翻译三、英语状语从句的翻译三、英语状语从句的翻译四、练习四、练习张伟红张伟红一、名词性从句的翻译一、名词性从句的翻译一般来说，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句都采一般来说，主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句都采用顺译法，但中间可以适当断句，并且还有个别不同译法。用顺译法，但中间可以适当断句，并且还有个别不同译法。1.主语从句主语从句Eg.1)Whatever he saw and he

2、ard on his trip gave him a very deep impression.他此行的所见所闻他此行的所见所闻都给他留下了深刻的印象。都给他留下了深刻的印象。2)It doesnt make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.他参不参加会议都没多大关系。他参不参加会议都没多大关系。3)It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.译文一：真奇怪，译文一：真奇怪，她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。（顺译）她竟然没有看出自

3、己的缺点。（顺译）译文二：她竟然没有看出自己的缺点，真奇怪。（倒译）译文二：她竟然没有看出自己的缺点，真奇怪。（倒译）张伟红张伟红2.2.宾语从句宾语从句Eg.1)I understand that he is well qualified,but I feel that he needs more experience.我知道他完全够条件，但我觉得他需要更多的经验。我知道他完全够条件，但我觉得他需要更多的经验。2)The statement declared that the international economic order must be changed or the gap be

4、tween developed and developing countries would continue to widen.声明宣称国际经济秩序必须改变，声明宣称国际经济秩序必须改变，否则发达国家与发展中国否则发达国家与发展中国家之间的差距将继续扩大。家之间的差距将继续扩大。3)I take it for granted that you will come and talk the matter over with him.译文一：我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事的。译文一：我理所当然地认为，你会来跟他谈这件事的。译文二：我认为你会来跟他谈这件事的，这是理所当然的。译文二：我认为你

5、会来跟他谈这件事的，这是理所当然的。张伟红张伟红3.3.表语从句表语从句Eg.1)His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.他对新闻界的看法是，记者们不是支持他，他对新闻界的看法是，记者们不是支持他，就是反对他。就是反对他。2)Things are not always as they seem to be.事物并不总是事物并不总是如其表象如其表象。3)The most important problem to be solved is where we can get suc

6、h a large sum of money.需要解决的最重要的问题是我们如何才能筹到这么多钱。需要解决的最重要的问题是我们如何才能筹到这么多钱。张伟红张伟红4.4.同位语从句同位语从句(1)译成定语译成定语Eg.1)We are not investigating the question whether he is trustworthy.我们不是在调查我们不是在调查他是否可以信任的他是否可以信任的问题。问题。2)Yet,from the beginning,the fact that I was alive was ignored.然而，从一开始，然而，从一开始，我仍活着我仍活着的事实却

7、偏偏被忽视了。的事实却偏偏被忽视了。张伟红张伟红(2)把名词译成动词，同位语译成宾语从句把名词译成动词，同位语译成宾语从句Eg.1)He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.译文一：他表达了能再来中国访问的愿望。译文一：他表达了能再来中国访问的愿望。译文二：他表示希望能再来中国访问。译文二：他表示希望能再来中国访问。2)An order has been given that the researchers who are now in the sky-lab should be sent back.译

8、文一：已经发出了将航天实验室里的研究人员送译文一：已经发出了将航天实验室里的研究人员送回来的命令。回来的命令。译文二：已经命令将现在在航天实验室里的研究人译文二：已经命令将现在在航天实验室里的研究人员送回来。员送回来。张伟红张伟红(3)使用标点符号（使用标点符号（:）或者）或者“这样这样”、“这种这种”、“即即”等引领同位语从句等引领同位语从句Eg.1)But considering realistically,we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good.但是现实地考虑一下，我们不得不承认这样一个事实：我们的但是

9、现实地考虑一下，我们不得不承认这样一个事实：我们的前景并不妙。前景并不妙。2)Not long ago the scientists made an exciting discovery that this“waste”material could be turned into plastics.不久前，科学家们有了一个令人振奋的发现，即可以把这种废不久前，科学家们有了一个令人振奋的发现，即可以把这种废物变为塑料。物变为塑料。3)It doesnt alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay.延迟应由他负责，延迟应由他

10、负责，这个事实是改变不了的。这个事实是改变不了的。张伟红张伟红（二）状语从句的译法（二）状语从句的译法1.前置译法前置译法Eg.1)While she spoke,tears were running down.她说话时，泪水直流。她说话时，泪水直流。2)Please turn off the light when you leave the room.离屋时请关灯。离屋时请关灯。3)It is better in case they are captured.要是把他们捉到了，那就更好了。要是把他们捉到了，那就更好了。张伟红张伟红2.2.后置译法后置译法Eg.1)The steel is h

11、eated until it becomes red.将钢加热到发红。将钢加热到发红。2)I could understand his point of view,because Id been in a similar position.我能够理解他的观点，因为我自己也有过类似的处我能够理解他的观点，因为我自己也有过类似的处境。境。张伟红张伟红3.3.译成分句译成分句Eg.1)The tape recorder is so small that you can carry it in your pocket.这台录音机体积小，可以把它放在衣袋里。这台录音机体积小，可以把它放在衣袋里。2)Th

12、ey set him free when his ransom had not yet been paid.他赎金还没有交，他赎金还没有交，他们就把他放了。他们就把他放了。3)After all,it did not matter,because in 24 hours,they were going to be free.反正关系不大，二十四小时以后他们就要自由了。反正关系不大，二十四小时以后他们就要自由了。张伟红张伟红三、定语从句的翻译三、定语从句的翻译1.前置法，倒译法前置法，倒译法Eg.1)The day on which she arrived was Thursday.她她抵达的抵

13、达的那天是星期四。那天是星期四。2)But Miggles laugh,which was very infectious,broke the silence.译文一：但是米格尔译文一：但是米格尔富有感染力的富有感染力的笑声打破了沉寂。笑声打破了沉寂。译文二：译文二：不过，米格尔的笑声非常有感染力，打破了沉寂。不过，米格尔的笑声非常有感染力，打破了沉寂。3)Pollution is a pressing problem which we must deal with.译文一：污染是译文一：污染是我们必须解决的我们必须解决的一个迫切的问题。一个迫切的问题。译文二：译文二：污染问题迫在眉睫，我们必

14、须着手解决。污染问题迫在眉睫，我们必须着手解决。张伟红张伟红2.顺译法，分译法（并列句）顺译法，分译法（并列句）Eg.1)I told the story to John,who told it to his brother.我把这件事告诉了约翰，我把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰约翰又告诉了他的弟弟又告诉了他的弟弟。2)Mother told him a story in which a king loved new clothes very much.妈妈给他讲了一个故事，妈妈给他讲了一个故事，故事故事里的那个国王特别喜欢里的那个国王特别喜欢新衣裳新衣裳。3)She suddenly though

15、t of her husband,who had left her and their children behind and had never been heard of.她丈夫早就抛弃了妻儿一直杳无音信她丈夫早就抛弃了妻儿一直杳无音信，现在她突然想，现在她突然想起了他。起了他。张伟红张伟红3.融合法，合并法融合法，合并法Eg.1)There are many people who want to apply for the position.译文一：译文一：许多人许多人想竞聘这个岗位。想竞聘这个岗位。译文二：这份工作非常抢手。（意译）译文二：这份工作非常抢手。（意译）2)She had

16、a balance at her bankers which could have made her loved anywhere.译文一：她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎。译文一：她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎。译文二：她在银行存有巨款，无论走到哪儿都会受人欢迎。译文二：她在银行存有巨款，无论走到哪儿都会受人欢迎。3)He took out a bottle of wine out of his pocket,which he began to drink slowly.他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。他从衣兜里掏出一瓶酒慢慢地喝起来。张伟红张伟红4.状译法状译法Eg.1)Man

17、 cant live on the moon,where there is no air or water.人无法在月球上生活，人无法在月球上生活，因为因为那里既没有水也没有空气。（原那里既没有水也没有空气。（原因状语）因状语）2)Electronic computers,which have many advantages,cannot carry out creative work or replace man.电子计算机电子计算机虽然虽然有许多优点，却不能进行创造性的工作，代有许多优点，却不能进行创造性的工作，代替不了人。（让步状语）替不了人。（让步状语）3)He wishes to w

18、rite an article,which will attract public attention to the air pollution in this city.他想写一篇文章，他想写一篇文章，以此以此来引起公众对该市污染情况的关注。来引起公众对该市污染情况的关注。（目的状语）（目的状语）张伟红张伟红翻译练习翻译练习1)I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.2)The fact that the gravity of the earth pulls everything towards the c

19、enter of the earth explains many things.3)Ships were built,and kept thoroughly efficient,so much so that the country remained safe for very many years.4)He wrote a book,which is about economics.5)This is a college of science and technology,the students of which are trained to be engineers or scienti

20、sts.6)I need someone who can instruct me in my English study.7)The rain washed away the track,which prevented the train from running.张伟红张伟红1)I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.我被选参加会议，我被选参加会议，感到十分荣幸。感到十分荣幸。2)The fact that the gravity of the earth pulls everything towards

21、the center of the earth explains many things.地球引力把一切东西都吸引向地心这一事实解释了许多现象。地球引力把一切东西都吸引向地心这一事实解释了许多现象。3)Ships were built,and kept thoroughly efficient,so much so that the country remained safe for very many years.兵舰造出来了，而且充分发挥了其效能，国家才得以多年太平兵舰造出来了，而且充分发挥了其效能，国家才得以多年太平无事。无事。4)He wrote a book,which is abo

22、ut economics.他写了一本他写了一本关于经济学方面的关于经济学方面的书。书。他写了一本书，（这本书）是关于经济学的。他写了一本书，（这本书）是关于经济学的。张伟红张伟红5)This is a college of science and technology,the students of which are trained to be engineers or scientists.这是一所科技大学，该校学生将被培养成工程师或科这是一所科技大学，该校学生将被培养成工程师或科学工作者。学工作者。6)I need someone who can instruct me in my English study.我需要一个能指导我英语学习的人。我需要一个能指导我英语学习的人。我需要一个人来指导我学习英语。我需要一个人来指导我学习英语。7)The rain washed away the track,which prevented the train from running.大雨冲走了铁轨，因而火车无法行驶。大雨冲走了铁轨，因而火车无法行驶。张伟红张伟红