物流英语总复习——阅读理解.pdf详解ppt课件.ppt

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1、总复习总复习-阅读理解阅读理解物流英语物流英语1 Forecasting demands p.66-67 Demand forecasting involves determining the amount of product and service that customers will require in the future.It is important to all operations such as marketing,manufacturing,and logistics.*Marketing forecasts determine promotional strategi

2、es,allocation of sales force,pricing strategies,and market research activities.*Manufacturing forecasts determine production schedules,purchasing and acquisition strategies,and in-plant inventory decisions.*Logistics forecasts determine product transportation and storage.Demand forecasting enables m

3、anagers to allocate their resources(budgets)effectively to meet demands.Forecasting can be difficult given the market uncertainties.However,the company should undertake demand forecasting and communicate the results to other departments.Sophisticated computer models,trend analysis,sales force estima

4、tes,or other methods can help develop such forecasts.v1:If you want to determine promotional strategies for you sales department,you should conduct a _ forecast.vMarketingvManufacturingvLogisticsvAll of the abovev2:Forecasting can be difficult given the market uncertainties,this sentence means:vUnce

5、rtainty can be given through forecastingvUncertainties cant be given through forecastingvCertainties can be given through forecastingvUncertainties cant be given through forecastingv3:The word“undertake”means _.vPerformvGovIncludevConsider2:P.70 virtual warehouseVW is a network to enable fast and ac

6、curate sharing of information using advanced technologies such as computer network.The advantages include better accuracy,customer service,precise control of transportation and data analysis capabilities to anyone capable of using the virtual databases.The concept of virtual warehousing is not yet m

7、ature.It has been implemented partly at some of the electronics and telecommunications companies.Successful implementation of VW greatly depends upon advanced communication capabilities,efficient transportation alternatives and math to make stocking,communication and transportation decisions.v1:Abou

8、t VW,the wrong expression about it is _.vIs a networkvHas great advantagesvNot commonly used nowadaysvIs mature for adoptingv2:the meaning of“implementing”in this paragraph is similar to _.vPlayvEnablevRequirevConduct v3:To implementing the VW,which element is not unnecessary according to this parag

9、raph?vAdvanced communicationvEfficient transportation alternativesvMathvCapital3:Development of Green Logistics p.72“Greenness”has become an increasing concern.The new field of logistics was an opportunity for the transportation industry to present a more environmentally friendly face.Many articles

10、and research suggest how the environment could be incorporated in the logistics industry.Recycling and disposal led to a new sub-sector of reverse logistics.This reverse flow involves the transport of waste and the movement of used materials.Reverse logistics is also called reverse distribution,reve

11、rse flow logistics and green logistics.However,the logistics industry has been facing the critical issues such as pollution,congestion,and resource used up that the logistics industry is still not very“green”.v1:Greenness here means _.vHealthyvEnvironmentalvRecycledvReusedv2:Please choose from the w

12、rong expression about the Greenness in logistics.vGreenness is now an important concern for many operations of logistics.vReverse logistics belongs to environmental logistics.vLogistics industry is still facing problems before they are green one.vIn logistics development,the environmental elements h

13、ave not been taken into consideration.v3:The word“critical”here means _.vVitalvCommonvSeriousvCrucial 至关紧要的至关紧要的4:freight forwardervOriginally,a freight forwarder was a commission agent performing on behalf of the exporter/importer routine tasks such as loading and unloading of goods,storage of good

14、s,arranging local transport,obtaining payment for his customer,etc.However,the expansion of international trade and the development of different modes of transport over the years that followed enlarged the scope of his services.vToday,a freight forwarder plays an important role in international trad

15、e and transport.The services that a freight forwarder renders实施实施may often range from routine and basic tasks such as booking of space or customs clearance to a comprehensive package of services covering the total transportation and distribution process.v1:According to this paragraph,the wrong expre

16、ssion is _.vA freight forwarder was a commission agent on behalf of the exporter/importer.vA freight forwarder perform only routine and basic tasks.vA freight forwarder perform both basic and routine tasks and comprehensive services.vA freight forwarder can replace the exporter and importer in inter

17、national trade.v2:Which phrase can accurately tell the main meaning of this paragraph?vFreight forwarders functionsvDefinition of freight forwardervFreight forwarders developmentvFreight forwarders tasksv3:About the development trend of freight forwarder,which one is right?vDefinitely developing int

18、o a carriervBecoming a third part between importer and exportervMore specialized in freight forwarding businessvWill disappear soon5:consolidation联合，合并vConsolidation or groupage means the assembly of small parcels of cargo from several consignors at on point of origin intended for several consignees

19、 at another point of destination,dispatching the parcels as one consolidated consignment to the consolidators agent at the destination and delivering them to their respective consignees.vForwarders who act as groupage agent or consolidators deliver full container loads made up of individual LCL cons

20、ignments to the carrier to take advantage of the FCLK tariff rates.v1:Consolidation may include below functions,which one is not possible?vGoods collectionvTransportationvPackagevMoney collection from importerv2:In above paragraph,consolidator may refer to _.vExportervCarriervTruckervImporterv3:The

21、right expression about consolidation is _.vCan be forwardervMaking money by grouping LCL and FCLvEnjoying the FCLK tariff ratesvCan replace some functions of carrier6：p.77 Transportation Strategies in International Trade vInternational transportation of goods can involve any of the five basic modes

22、of transportation,although air and water carriage are perhaps the most important.Motor,rail,and water carriage are the most important freight movement within nations.vThere can be significant differences between the transportation infrastructure environments of the United Stated and the European cou

23、ntries.vManagers of firms involved in international markets must be aware of the different transport services,costs and availability of transport modes in the countries where they trade their products.The differences between nations can be due to taxes,subsidies,regulations,government ownership of c

24、arriers,and other factors.v1：please choose from the below items the one that not belong to basic mode of transportationvWater carriagevMotor carriagevMultimodal transportvPipeline transportv2:According to your knowledge,please pick out the wrong expression from the below four items.vMotor carriage i

25、s the dominant transport mode in the USA.vMotor carriage is the dominant transport in China.vRail transport is the dominant transport in China.vIn Europe,most freight are transported through water carriage.v3:About multimodal transport,the wrong expression is _.vIs also called combined transportvInv

26、olves at least 2 kinds of transport modesvMust be international transportationvHas different freight rates according to different modes of transportation.7:p.80 supply chain managementAn important new trend in supply chain management is the recovery,recycling,or reuse of products from the end user a

27、fter they have reached the end of their useful life.Organizations are now extending their distribution channels beyond the end customer to include the acceptance and“disassembly”of final products for reuse in new products.Organizations are seeking to“close the loop”and eventually transform used prod

28、ucts into new products and/or materials that can be returned to the earth without harming the environment.In other cases,organizations have developed extensive repair networks to handle warranty and quality problems that occur with products returned by customers.This function may include after-sales

29、 service functions,maintenance services,and other types of activities related to continually satisfying the customer.Here again,organizations are actively working to improve their“reverse logistics”functions,to manage the flow of products and services moving backward through the supply chain.v1:Whic

30、h sentence or short phrase accurately express the meaning of this paragraph?vThe new trend of SCM.vDistribution channels extending.vReverse logistics is an increasing concern.vOrganizations are developing extensive repair networks.v2:Which element cannot push the development of reverse logistics acc

31、ording to this paragraph?vRepair warrantyvQuality problemsvMaintenance servicesvprocurementv3:The wrong expression about reverse logistics is _.vReverse logistics deals with materials flowing from customers to suppliers.vIs also known as“environmentally responsible logistics”vAct a third part beside

32、s materials management and distribution vThe opportunity to implement reverse logistics is limited as it adds no value to any product.8:p.80 supply chain managementvAll organizations are part of one or more supply chains.Whether a company sells directly to the end customer,provides a service,manufac

33、tures a product,or extracts materials from the earth,it can be characterized within the context of its supply chain.Until recently,nowever,organizations focused primarily on their direct customers and internal functions,and placed relatively little emphasis on other organizations within their supply

34、 chain network.However,three major developments in global markets and technologies have brought supply chain management to the forefront of managements attention:v(1)The information revolution.v(2)Customer demands in areas of product and service cost,quality,delivery,technology,and cycle time brough

35、t about by increased global competition.v(3)The emergence of new forms of inter-organizational relationships.vEach of these developments has fostered the emergence of an integrated supply chain approach.v1:Choose from below the organization who is not likely part of supply chain.vWholesalervRetailervManufacturervGovernmentv2:If from the viewpoint of a focal firm,which one is not included in its supply chain?vInternal functionsvUpstream suppliersvDownstream customersvExternal functions