江苏省盐城市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、2021/2022学年度第二学期高二年级期终考试英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分375分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。BRIEFLY NOTEDMy Fourth Time, We Drowned, by Sally Hayden. In 2018, Hayden, an Irish journalist, received a Facebook message from a man kept in a refugee （难民）camp, which afforded her a window into th

2、e horrors faced by African refugees. Through interviews with people involved, Hayden learns they are abused and sold as goods without mercy and how Western institutions like the European Union turn a blind eye.Dream-Child. by Eric G. Wilson. This exciting representation of Charles Lamb is the first

3、full- length biography （传记）of the Romantic-era essayist and poet since 1905. Perhaps best remembered as the co-author, with his sister, Mary, of Tales from Shakespeare, Lamb cared for his sister, who was in poor health. While faced with depression, Lamb was identified as a pioneer and his essays exh

4、ibited a look at modern city life.Run and Hide, by Pankaj Mishra. Mishras novel follows three college classmates desperate to escape their lower-middle-class situation, casting a critical eye on self-made men. While two of them struggle with the heights they have reached, the narrator avoids becomin

5、g trapped in similar situations by returning to a mountain village to work as a translator. Written clearly, the novel gives the readers an insight into the ideas of freedom.The White Girl, by Tony Birch. This novel, set in a remote Australian town in the nineteen- sixties, centers on an indigenous

6、（土著 ）woman, Odette, and her granddaughter. As Odette attempts to protect her granddaughter, she finds inequality in society. Birch illustrates how Australias policies treated the indigenous people unfairly.1. What can we learn from Dream-Child?A. It casts light on the modern rural life.B. Mary contr

7、ibuted to Tales from Shakespeare.C. Lamb is of a mild and optimistic personality.D. Wilson is best remembered for Tales from Shakespeare.2. Which book will you prefer to acquire a better understanding of liberty?A. My Fourth Time, We Drowned.B. Dream-Child.C. Run and Hide.D. The White Girl.3. What d

8、o My Fourth Time, We Drowned and The White Girl have in common?A. They9re both set in the 20th century.B. They both focus on family bonds.C. Theyre both set in the same country.D. They both focus on the disadvantaged.Located 150 miles south of mainland Australia, Tasmania is known for its wildlife a

9、nd landscape, including unique plant and animal species. Perhaps its most famous native animal is the Tasmanian devil, a small but violent animal. The island was also home to a large wolf-like Tasmanian tiger. It lived among the islands famous giant tree fems （树蕨），but was hunted by people until the

10、last known animal died in a zoo in 1936.A team of Australian scientists have discovered that Tasmania is now carbon negative, meaning it absorbs more carbon dioxide gas（CCh） than it gives off. The team say their findings show the importance of forests in fighting climate change.Large quantities of C

11、O2 act as a greenhouse gas, trapping heat in the Earths atmosphere and causing climate change. Many countries have plans to become carbon neutral” （碳中和），but Tasmania is one of the first places in the world to go carbon negative.象；B. reading阅读；C. thinking思考；D. breathing呼吸。由上文语境和下文的“5 in, 5 out” 指次数可知

12、，作者也害怕坐飞机，作者当时怕得只能专注于自己呼吸的次数。故选D。7 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：随着时间的流逝，我突然注意到膝盖上有一本我事先正在读的 书。A. died away (声音)变弱、逐渐消失;B.rolled away翻滚离开；C slipped away悄无声 息地溜走；D. passed away过世。由上文的As time”可知,此处指随着时间的流逝。故选C。8 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我注意到我做标记以便自己阅读的那句话 当恐惧存在 于我们心中时,让我们意识到它，并对它微笑。A. wrote写;B. marked做标记；C. designed 设计；D. printed

13、印刷。由本处语境可知，作者无意间看到了书中做标记的话。故选B。9 .考查名词词义辨析。A. fear害怕，恐惧；B. passion热情；C. depression沮丧；D. curiosity 好奇心。由上文语境可知，作者和那个男人坐飞机时都感到害怕，所以是恐惧存在于我们心 中，呼应最后一段中的“the fear”。故选A。10 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个男人也发现了那本书。seized抓住；B. sought寻找； C. spotted发现；D. searched搜寻。由下文语境可知，作者和那个男人开始谈这本书，说明那 个男人也发现了那本书。故选C。11 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：那个

14、男人拿着它看着我，问道：“这是关于什么的？ A. shouted at 大喊；B. pointed at 指向；C. looked at 看着；D. smiled at 对微笑。由下文的asking,Whafs it about?,”可知，那个男人问作者，应该要看着作者提问，呼应下文的“then looked back at me”。故选 C。12 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：“关于和平，”我立刻回答。A. responded回答；B. repeated M 复；C. requested 要求；D. required 要求。由上文的asking,Whats it about?9 About pe

15、ace/ 可知，此处是作者对男人提问的回答。故选A。13 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我仍然很害怕，但我深吸了一口气，说：“我来自以色 列。A. scared害怕的；B. relieved感到宽慰的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.depressed沮丧的。由上文的“Not knowing what to do, I was terrified.”可知，作者看到旁边的男人坐飞机时表现出的行为，作者感到很害怕，当男人问作者从哪里来时，作者仍然很害怕。故选A。14 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我意识到这一点之前，这个完全陌生的人就在10分钟 前与我分享了他家人的照片，甚至还有一个关于他非常

16、私人的事情，那就是他害怕飞行。A. permanent永久的；B. personal私人的；C.potential潜在的；D. precise精确的。由下文的“he was afraid of flying”可知，那个男人把自己害怕飞行的隐私告诉了作者。故选B。15 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为人类，我们真正的力量是我们有能力解决内心的恐惧， 并选择采取不同的行动，而改变必须从我们开始。A. resist抵制;B. resolve解决；C. admit 承认；D. anticipate 期望。由上文的“Hearing my answer, he gradually got quiet.”和“

17、Our real power as human beings is our ability”可知，和作者聊天过程中，害怕飞行的男人渐渐平静下来，说 明人类有能力解决内心的恐惧。故选B。语法填空【答案】36. literally 37. have made 38. is 39. valuable 40. dating41. approval 42. to 43. where 44. Having survived 45. that 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最著名的南京云锦的相关知识。1 .考查副词。句意：南京丝锦，又名云锦，字面意思是云纹锦，因为它像日落时的云朵一样 美丽。副词lite

18、rally作状语，修饰动词means。故填literally。2 .考查时态和主谓一致。句意：1600多年来，中国六大著名古都所在地南京的织工以独特 的方式制作锦缎u make是谓语动词，结合For more than 1600 years可知，此处指过去的动作 或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，主语weavers复数，谓语需用复 数形式。故填have made。3 .考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在古代丝绸面料中，最著名的是南京云锦，它将历代织锦的 优秀传统融入到其他丝绸织造工艺的宝贵经验中。Best-known among the ancient silk fabrics (

19、be) Nanjing y川力2”是“表语+连系动词+主语”构成的完全倒装结构，be是系动词, 讲述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Nanjing*句沅单数，谓语用单数形式。故填is。4 .考查形容词。形容词valuable作定语，修饰名词experience。故填valuable。5 .考查现在分词。句意：南京云锦是一种可以追溯到公元417年的工艺。本句已有系动词is 且无连词，动词短语datebackto (追溯到)用非谓语形式，其无被动形式，所以用现在分词 (doing)形式，主动表被动，作名词craft的后置定语。故填dating。6 .考查名词。句意：2006年，经中国政府批准，南京

20、云锦织机和技艺被列入第一批国家级 文化遗产。the(approve) of the Chinese government是名词所有格结构，用抽象名词 approval 作宾语。故填 approval。7 .考查介词。句意：2009年，它被选入联合国教科文组织名单。固定搭配be added to (被 增加到)o故填to。8 .考查定语从句关系词。句意：在2014年夏季青奥会上，云锦被用作南京的另一张名片，其 使用的所有物品均由南京丝绸织锦制成。该空引导非限制性举语从句，先行词是the 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games,在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故填

21、where。9 .考查现在分词完成式。句意：历经朝代和战争，南京云锦展现出强大的生命力。本句已有 谓语proves且无连词，动词survive用非谓语形式，逻辑主语Nanjing yunjin与动词survive 是主谓关系，且survive先发生在谓语proves之前，survive用现在分词完成式(having done) 表主动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Having survived。10 .考查同位语从句。句意：我们相信，它将代代相传，并以现代化的方式呈现给国内外人 民。该空引导同位语从句解释说明抽象名词belief的具体内容，从句结构完整，不缺任何意 义，用只起连接作用的that。故

22、填that。【答案】Dear Mr. Smith,Im writing to invite you to attend a lecture on the World Environment Day, which will be held in our school hall next Monday. The relevant details are as follows.To begin with, a climate change video will be presented, making us know the horrible results of global warming. T

23、hen the specialist will give us some guidelines for protecting environment. Though we cant stop climate change, the harm it bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.Looking forward to your coming.Yours,Li Hua【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是校学生会主席李华。你校拟邀请环保专家Smith 先生在“世界环境日”那天做讲座，请你给他写封邀请信。1 .词汇积累举办：hol

24、d 一 host首先：to begin with 一 first of all参力口 ： attend 一 take part in建议：lecture 一 speech.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, making us know the horrible result of an earthquake.拓展句：To begin with, an earthquake video will be presented, whose aim is to make us know the hor

25、rible result of an earthquake.【密睛】【高分句型 1 Im writing to invite you to attend a lecture on the World Environment Day, which will be held in our school hall next Monday.（运用 了 which 引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型 2 Though we cant stop climate change, the harm it bring us can be reduced if we do the right things.（运用

26、了让步状语从句和条件状语从句）读后续写【答案】1 certainly underestimated the resolve of my students. Mayra made a simple cushion from the collected materials. I think its just a temporary pleasure. She would abandon eventually, after all it was uncomfortable to sit on the floor for twenty more days, even with a cushion. H

27、owever, she lasted not only the hour, but the following days, which made me surprised.Two weeks later, Mayra arrived at my door announcing, Today, I can buy my chair!” With no direction from me, she had recorded each deposit she had made. I gave my congratulations to her. She proudly took her “bough

28、t“ seat at her table. At the end of class, Mayra came to me with another question, Now, can I save more money and buy Joses chair, and then charge him higher rent? I laughed. Clearly, my goal of improving financial management had been met by at least one of my students and Im sure those skills will

29、serve her well in the future.【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在所教班级设计了一个教室金融体系，帮助学 生们学习金融管理技能的同时，培养良好的班级纪律。学生们把赚来的钱都存入作者班的银 行，学生没有余额就会失去自己的椅子，有余额的就可以把钱花在课堂拍卖品上，比如零食 和学校用品。上学三周后，玛拉向作者提出要买自己的椅子，作者说要花600美元买，玛拉 决定在地上坐二十多天来攒够买自己椅子的钱。1 .段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我当然低估了我学生的决心。”可知，第一段可描写玛拉（Mayra）用 实际行动证明了自己买椅子的决心，这让作者感到惊讶。由第二段首句内容“

30、两周后，玛拉来到我的门口，宣布：今天，我可以买我的椅子 了！，”可知，第二段可描写玛拉（Mayra）买到了自己的椅子，还问作者能否买其他同学的 椅子，再向其他同学收取更高的租金，作者听后感到好笑，欣慰至少有一个学生学习到了 如何改善财务管理。2 .续写线索：作者低估学生的决心玛拉用实际行动证明自己的决心玛拉宣布 要买回椅子玛拉买到了自己的椅子玛拉再次提问作者感到好笑且欣慰 3.词汇激活 行为类放弃：abandon / give up购买：buy / purchase提升：improve / advance /elevate情绪类惊讶的：surprised / amazed / astonish

31、ed自豪地：proudly / with pride【点睛】高分句型 1. However, she lasted not only the hour, but the following days, which made me surprised.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型 2. With no direction from me, she had recorded each deposit she had made.（运用 了 省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句）The fact came to light when a team from Australian N

32、ational University（ANU） looked into the CO2 emissions （排放）of each Australian state. CO2 is produced by activities such as burning coal, oil and gas for power, but is also released when forests are cut down - especially if the wood is used to make paper and similar products. On the other hand, living

33、 forests absorb large amounts of CO2. In 2011, campaigners blocked plans to build a large new paper factory in Tasmania, leading to a large decline in cutting down Tasmanias forests. Consequently, CO2 emissions dropped sharply and allowed forests to continue growing instead. Much of Tasmanias power

34、comes from hydroelectricity, which does not give off CO2.Scientists say that Tasmanias achievement shows the important role of forests in managing CO2. They say preserving forests around the world could help many countries to absorb more CO2. “We need to store a lot more carbon in the environment,ex

35、plained Professor David Lindemayer of ANU, adding that the most effective place to do that is in forests.,9Which is TRUE about the Tasmanian tiger?A. It was a small but violent animal.B. It went extinct because of hunting.C. Too much CO2 emission put it on the line.D. Large clearing of trees led to

36、its dying out.4. What can we learn about Tasmania?A. Zero CO2 emissions help it go green.B. Masses of forests help it go carbon negative.C. It doesnt need to fight climate change any more.D. It covers the largest areas of forests in the world.5. What does paragraph 4 convey?A. Many CO2 emissions ari

37、se from human activities.B. Paper factories have a great prospect in Tasmania.C. People are not allowed to cut down trees in Tasmania.D. Hydroelectricity is the only energy source in Tasmania.6. What does David Lindemayer probably express in the last paragraph?A. Carbon is posing the biggest threat

38、to the earth.B. Forests are the most effective places to trap heat.C. Hes proud of Tasmanias achievement in managing CO2.D. Preserving forests could best help battle climate change.Currently, video calls are becoming familiar challenges as the COVID-19 forces workers to communicate from their homes

39、and offices.Now scientists have revealed why we tend to end up raising our voices at our workmates:as video quality falls, we speak louder and vary our gestures （手势）in an attempt to make up.“The gestures we make while talking, as well as other visual signals, are truly important and integrated aspec

40、ts of how we communicate J said Dr. James Trujillo, the first author of the research at Radboud University, in the Netherlands.Trujillo said previous research had shown that when we cannot hear someone well, we speak louder, while the teams recent work shows that when a video call is very noisy, peo

41、ple make their gestures more noticeable. Trujillo and his colleagues reported in a journal how they analyzed video calls between 20 pairs of participants, who sat in separate rooms and chatted freely to each other over a Zoom-like video call for 40 minutes. Over the course of the call, the quality o

42、f the video was changed in 10 steps between excellent and completely unclear, with half of the pairs experiencing improving video quality, and half experiencing it in the opposite way. The video quality during the call at each step was the same for both participants. The research tracked the partici

43、pants9 gestures and aspects of their speech.The team added that when gestures were not being used, speech was unaffected by decreases in visibility. However, when gestures were used, volume increased by up to five decibels （分贝）as video quality deteriorated, and then remained at this higher level as

44、video quality decreased further 一 in other words, when gestures ceased to be useful at all.“They know that the gestures being produce are vital to their communication, but their partner is going to have a harder time seeing them. So they increase the strength of the other signal 一 speech. he said.7.

45、 Why do we tend to raise our voices on video call?A. Due to the poor video quality.B. In the hope of curing our poor hearing.C. In an attempt to avoid making gestures.D. For the sake of generating interest in the topic.8. What do we know from paragraphs 3-4?A. Recent findings agree with previous one

46、s.B. Participants made the video call in equal measure.C. Integrated factors make for effective communication.D. Dr. James Trujillo is the first person to look into the topic.9. What does the underlined word deterioratecT mean in paragraph 5?A. Turned better.B. Grew unstable.C. Became worse.D. Remai

47、ned unchanged.10. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text?A. Lift up, we cant catch youB. Cheer up, we wont fail youC. Shut up, we cant reach youD. Speak up, we cant see youSusan, a school teacher, has been a source of love for her students and many people. She helped a friend

48、 raise funds for adoption, made quilts （被子），sold them, and gave the money to her workmate who lost her husband. She even helped someone rebuild the kitchen.One might think that she is too busy doing things for others and does not have any concerns. Sadly, her husband is bating cancer for the third time now. Her small salary is not enough to cover all of their expenses.Thankfully, Secret Santa stepped in secretly. He works with East Idaho News, led by Nate Eaton, who goes around Idaho spreading holiday cheer this season.The big day came, and Nate paid this great teacher a surpr