高中英语语法必备之虚拟语气.ppt

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1、虚虚拟语气气1）概念概念虚虚拟语气用来表示气用来表示说话人的主人的主观愿望或愿望或假想，所假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事或与事实相反。相反。2）在条件句中的在条件句中的应用用条件句可分条件句可分为两两类，一，一类为真真实条件句，条件句，一一类为非真非真实条件句。非真条件句。非真实条件句表示的条件句表示的是假是假设的或的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用可能性不大的情况，故采用虚虚拟语气。气。在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中,表示与事实相表示与事实相反的条件和结果。反的条件和结果。1)与现在事实相反：与现在事实相反：If 主语主语 ,

2、主语主语 +V原原 2)与过去事实相反：与过去事实相反：If 主语主语 ,主语主语 +have Ve3)与将来事实相反：与将来事实相反：If 主语主语 ,主语主语 +V原原wereV-edshould(wouldcould,might)should(wouldcould,might)shouldwere todidshould(wouldcould,might)had Ved 虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件错综条件虚拟语气虚拟语气

3、。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而顶。假设的时间而顶。If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital.2.假设条件虚拟假设条件虚拟倒装倒装。条件从句中有条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把三个助动词可以把if省略，并省略，并将这三个词提至句首。将这三个词提至句首。1)If I were you,I would

4、 give it up.-Were I you,I would give it up.2)If it were not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.-Were it not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.3)If I had had time,I would have run round that lake again.-Had I had time,I would have run round that lake aga

5、in.4)If there should be a flood,what should we do?-Should there be a flood,what should we do?注意：注意：在虚在虚拟语气的从句中，气的从句中，动词be的的过去去时态一律用一律用were，不用不用was，即在从句中即在从句中be用用were代替。代替。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你，就会去找他。如果我是你，就会去找他。Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.如果他在如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。儿，一切都会好的。典型例典型例题

6、_todothework,Ishoulddoitsomeotherday.A.IfwereIB.IwereC.WereID.WasI在虚在虚拟条件状条件状语中如果有中如果有were,should,had这三个三个词主主语提前提前,变成成were,should,had+主主语的形式。但要注意，在虚的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状条件状语从句中，从句中，省略省略连词的倒装形式的的倒装形式的句首不能用句首不能用动词的的缩略形式略形式。如我。如我们可可说WereInottodo.,而不能而不能说WerentItodo.温故知新温故知新 B.Exercises1.Mary _ the party if h

7、e had gone to London.A.would have missedB.had missed C.would miss D.missed2.If they were here,they _ you.A.helped B.will help C.would help D.had helped3._ today,he would get there by Friday.A.Would he leave B.Was he leaving C.Were he to leave D.If he leaves4.Should it rain,the crops _.A.would be sav

8、ed B.would have been saved C.will be saved D.had been saved5._,I would teach you how to send emails.A.Had I time B.If I have time C.If I will have time D.If I had timeAACCD 即学即用即学即用1.If you _(follow)my advice yesterday,you _(be)better now.2.If his TV set _(steal)yesterday,he _(watch)TV now.3.Without

9、 sunlight,peoples life _(be)different from today.4.But for your help,I _(not finish)the work last week.=_ your help,I _(not finish)the work last week.=_ it _ _ _ your help,I _(not finish)the work last week.=If you _(not help)me,I _ _(not finish)the work last week.二、含蓄条件句二、含蓄条件句had followedwouldnt be

10、had been stolenwould be watchingwould bewouldnt have finishedwouldnt have finishedWithoutHad not been forhadnt helpedwouldnt have finishedwouldnt havefinished5.He was busy,otherwise he _(come).=He _(come),but he was busy.=He _ _(come)if he _(be)busy.would have comewould have comewould have comehadnt

11、 been三、三、(should)+动词原形结构动词原形结构即学即用即学即用1.Our suggestion is that you _(go)there on time.2.The suggestion that students _ (learn)something practical is worth considering.3.Do you know the order that you _ (keep)watch？4.It is required that nobody _ (smoke)here.(should)go(should)learn(should)learn(should

12、)smoke5.Its important that we _(take)good care of the patient.6.Its suggested that the plan _ (carry)out.7.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory _(close)down.8.The bus driver insisted that he _ (drive)at normal speed.9.He insisted that more doctors _ (send)to the earthquake-stricken

13、 area.(should)take(should)be carried(should)be closedwas driving(should)be sent四、四、even if,as if 引导的状语从句中虚拟语气引导的状语从句中虚拟语气即学即用即学即用1.Even if he _(be)here,he could not solve the problem.2.She looked after the boy as if he _ (be)her own son.3.He talked as if he _(be)to the USA before.were/waswere/washad

14、 been五、五、wish和和would rather/sooner that 后接宾语后接宾语 从句中的虚拟语气从句中的虚拟语气即学即用即学即用1.I wish I _(be)as tall as you.2.He wished that he _(not do)it yesterday.3.I wish I _(fly)to Hainan for a trip one day.4.I would rather you _(pay)me now.5.Dont come.I would rather you _ (come)tomorrow.6.Id rather I _(not go)to

15、see the film.It was boring!werehad not comecould/would flypaidcamehadnt gone六、在六、在If only从句中从句中1.Tom was sent to Australia for further study last week.Really?If only I _ （有一天有此机会）（有一天有此机会）2.Eric hasnt passed the examination.If only he _ （早听史密斯先生的建议）（早听史密斯先生的建议）!had such a chance one dayhad followed Mr.Smiths advice七、在七、在It is(high)time that从句中从句中即学即用即学即用 You have been working for nearly an hour.Its time for you to have a break.-You have been working for nearly an hour.Its _time that you _ _ a break.high/aboutshould have综合巩固综合巩固I.Multiple choice15 CABAC 610 ACBAB1115 ABCAD