化工英语专业词汇.ppt

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1、化工英语专业词汇Actinium(Ac)锕Aluminium(Al)铝Americium(Am)镅Antimony(Sb)锑Argon(Ar)氩Arsenic(As)砷Astatine(At)砹Barium(Ba)钡Berkelium(Bk)锫Beryllium(Be)铍Bismuth(Bi)铋Boron(B)硼Bromine(Br)溴Cadmium(Cd)镉Caesium(Cs)铯Calcium(Ca)钙Californium(Cf)锎Carbon(C)碳Cerium(Ce)铈Chlorine(Cl)氯Chromium(Cr)铬Cobalt(Co)钴Copper(Cu)铜Curium(Cm)

2、锔Dysprosium(Dy)镝Einsteinium(Es)锿Erbium(Er)铒Europium(Eu)铕Fermium(Fm)镄Fluorine(F)氟Francium(Fr)钫Gadolinium(Gd)钆Gallium(Ga)镓Germanium(Ge)锗Gold(Au)金Hafnium(Hf)铪Helium(He)氦Holmium(Ho)钬Hydrogen(H)氢Indium(In)铟Iodine(I)碘Iridium(Ir)铱Iron(Fe)铁Krypton(Kr)氪Lanthanum(La)镧Lawrencium(Lr)铹Lead(Pb)铅Lithium(Li)锂Luteti

3、um(Lu)镥Magnesium(Mg)镁Manganese(Mn)锰Mendelevium(Md)钔Mercury(Hg)汞Molybdenum(Mo)钼Neodymium(Nd)钕Neon(Ne)氖Neptunium(Np)镎Nickel(Ni)镍Niobium(Nb)铌Nitrogen(N)氮Nobelium(No)锘Osmium(Os)锇Oxygen(O)氧Palladium(Pd)钯Phosphorus(P)磷Platinum(Pt)铂Plutonium(Pu)钚Polonium(Po)钋Potassium(K)钾Samarium(Sm)钐Scandium(Sc)钪Selenium(

4、Se)硒Silicon(Si)硅Silver(Ag)银Sodium(Na)钠Strontium(Sr)锶Sulphur(S)锍Tantalum(Ta)钽Technetium(Tc)锝Tellurium(Te)碲Terbium(Tb)铽Thallium(Tl)铊Thorium(Th)钍Tin(Sn)锡Thulium(Tm)铥Titanium(Ti)钛Tungsten(W)钨Uranium(U)铀Vanadium(V)钒Xenon(Xe)氙Ytterbium(Yb)镱Yttrium(Y)钇Zinc(Zn)锌Zirconium(Zr)锆氨ammonia氨基酸aminoacid铵盐ammoniumsa

5、lt饱和链烃saturatedaliphatichydrocarbon苯benzene变性denaturation不饱和烃unsaturatedhydrocarbon超导材料superconductivematerial臭氧ozone醇alcohol次氯酸钾potassiumhypochlorite醋酸钠sodiumacetate蛋白质protein氮族元素nitrogengroupelement碘化钾potassiumiodide碘化钠sodiumiodide电化学腐蚀electrochemicalcorrosion电解质electrolyte电离平衡ionizationequilibriu

6、m电子云electroncloud淀粉starch淀粉碘化钾试纸starchpotassiumiodidepaper二氧化氮nitrogendioxide二氧化硅silicondioxide二氧化硫sulphurdioxide二氧化锰manganesedioxide芳香烃arene放热反应exothermicreaction非极性分子non-polarmolecule非极性键non-polarbond肥皂soap分馏fractionaldistillation酚phenol复合材料composite干电池drycell干馏drydistillation甘油glycerol高分子化合物polym

7、er共价键covalentbond官能团functionalgroup光化学烟雾photochemicalfog过氧化氢hydrogenperoxide合成材料syntheticmaterial合成纤维syntheticfiber合成橡胶syntheticrubber核电荷数nuclearchargenumber核素nuclide化学电源chemicalpowersource化学反应速率chemicalreactionrate化学键chemicalbond化学平衡chemicalequilibrium还原剂reducingagent磺化反应sulfonationreaction霍尔槽HullC

8、ell极性分子polarmolecule极性键polarbond加成反应additionreaction加聚反应additionpolymerization甲烷methane碱金属alkalimetal碱石灰sodalime结构式structuralformula聚合反应po1ymerization可逆反应reversiblereaction空气污染指数airpollutionindex勒夏特列原理LeChateliersprinciple离子反应ionicreaction离子方程式ionicequation离子键ionicbond锂电池lithiumcell两性氢氧化物amphoterich

9、ydroxide两性氧化物amphotericoxide裂化cracking裂解pyrolysis硫氰化钾potassiumthiocyanate硫酸钠sodiumsulphide氯化铵ammoniumchloride氯化钡bariumchloride氯化钾potassiumchloride氯化铝aluminiumchloride氯化镁magnesiumchloride氯化氢hydrogenchloride氯化铁iron(III)chloride氯水chlorinewater麦芽糖maltose煤coal酶enzyme摩尔mole摩尔质量molarmass品红magenta或fuchsine葡

10、萄糖glucose气体摩尔体积molarvolumeofgas铅蓄电池leadstoragebattery强电解质strongelectrolyte氢氟酸hydrogenchloride氢氧化铝aluminiumhydroxide取代反应substitutionreaction醛aldehyde炔烃alkyne燃料电池fuelcell弱电解质weakelectrolyte石油Petroleum水解反应hydrolysisreaction塑料plastic塑料的降解plasticdegradation塑料的老化plasticageing酸碱中和滴定acid-baseneutralizationt

11、itration酸雨acidrain羧酸carboxylicacid碳酸钠sodiumcarbonate碳酸氢铵ammoniumbicarbonate碳酸氢钠sodiumbicarbonate糖类carbohydrate烃hydrocarbon烃的衍生物derivativeofhydrocarbon烃基hydrocarbonyl同分异构体isomer同素异形体allotrope同位素isotope同系物homo1og涂料coating烷烃alkane物质的量amountofsubstance物质的量浓度amount-of-substanceconcentrationofB烯烃alkene洗涤剂

12、detergent纤维素cellulose相对分子质量relativemolecularmass相对原子质量relativeatomicmass消去反应eliminationreaction硝化反应nitratlonreaction硝酸钡bariumnitrate硝酸银silvernitrate溴的四氯化碳溶液solutionofbromineincarbontetrachloride溴化钠sodiumbromide溴水brominewater溴水brominewater盐类的水解hydrolysisofsalts盐析salting-out焰色反应flametest氧化剂oxidizingag

13、ent氧化铝aluminiumoxide氧化铁iron(III)oxide乙醇ethanol乙醛ethana1乙炔ethyne乙酸ethanoicacid乙酸乙酯ethylacetate乙烯ethene银镜反应silvermirrorreaction硬脂酸stearicacid油脂oilsandfats有机化合物organiccompound元素周期表periodictableofelements元素周期律periodiclawofelements原电池primarybattery原子序数atomicnumber皂化反应saponification粘合剂adhesive蔗糖sucrose指示剂

14、Indicator酯ester酯化反应esterification周期period族group（主族：maingroup）Bunsenburner本生灯product化学反应产物flask烧瓶apparatus设备PHindicatorPH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂matrass卵形瓶litmus石蕊litmuspaper石蕊试纸graduate,graduatedflask量筒,量杯reagent试剂testtube试管burette滴定管cupel烤钵cruciblepot,meltingpot坩埚pipette吸液管filter滤管stirringrod搅拌棒element元

15、素body物体compound化合物atom原子gramatom克原子atomicweight原子量atomicnumber原子数atomicmass原子质量molecule分子electrolyte电解质ion离子anion阴离子cation阳离子electron电子isotope同位素isomer同分异物现象polymer聚合物symbol复合radical基structuralformula分子式valence,valency价monovalent单价bivalent二价halogen成盐元素bond原子的聚合mixture混合combination合成作用compound合成物allo

16、y合金organicchemistry有机化学inorganicchemistry无机化学derivative衍生物series系列acid酸hydrochloricacid盐酸sulphuricacid硫酸nitricacid硝酸aquafortis王水fattyacid脂肪酸organicacid有机酸hydrosulphuricacid氢硫酸hydrogensulfide氢化硫alkali碱,强碱ammonia氨base碱hydrate水合物hydroxide氢氧化物,羟化物hydracid氢酸hydrocarbon碳氢化合物,羟anhydride酐alkaloid生物碱aldehyde

17、醛oxide氧化物salt盐potassiumcarbonate碳酸钾soda苏打sodiumcarbonate碳酸钠causticpotash苛性钾causticsoda苛性钠ester酯gel凝胶体analysis分解fractionation分馏endothermicreaction吸热反应exothermicreaction放热反应precipitation沉淀toprecipitate沉淀todistil,todistill蒸馏distillation蒸馏tocalcine煅烧tooxidize氧化alkalinization碱化toneutralize中和tohydrogenate氢化tohydrate水合,水化todehydrate脱水fermentation发酵solution溶解combustion燃烧fusion,melting熔解alkalinity碱性hydrolysis水解electrolysis电解electrode电极anode阳极,正极cathode阴极,负极catalyst催化剂catalysis催化作用reducer还原剂dissolution分解synthesis合成reversible可逆的