中考英语主谓一致PPT讲稿.ppt

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1、中考英语主谓一致课件第1页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三3、就近原则、就近原则即即谓谓语语动动词词的的单单复复数数形形式式取取决决于于最最靠靠近近它它的的词词语语。并并列列主主语语由由连连词词or、eitheror、neithernor、notonlybutalso等等连连接接时时，谓谓语语动动词词与与靠靠近近它它的的主主语语一一致。致。EitheryouorI_(be)mad.Eithertheteacherorthestudents(be)toblame.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacher(do)knowaboutit.Therebe句型中，也

2、遵循就近原则。句型中，也遵循就近原则。There(be)mywifeandfamilytolookafter.There(be)anapple,twoorangesandsomebananasontheplate.amaredoesntisis第2页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三4、应注意的若干问题、应注意的若干问题（1）名词作主语。）名词作主语。集集体体名名词词family,team,class,group,nation,world,government等等作作主主语语时时，如如果果作作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。Myfamily_(

3、be)goingoutforatrip.Thewholefamily_(be)watchingTV.这这 类类 词词 还还 有有 audience、club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、party、public、等。、等。Population和和“agroup(crowd)of+复复数数名名词词”也也适适用用于于这这种种情情况况，强强调调整整体体用用单单数，强调各个部分用复数。数，强调各个部分用复数。某些集体名词如某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。Thep

4、olice_(have)caughtthethief.People_(be)talkingaboutthenews.单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。Asheep_（be）overthere.Somesheep_(be)overthere.isareisarehaveare第3页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三名名词词所所有有格格之之后后的的名名词词被被省省略略，这这种种情情况况一一般般只只指指商商店店、工工场场、住住宅宅等等；作作主主语时，动词一般用单数。语时，动词一般用单数。Myuncles_(be)

5、notfarfromhere.常见的省略名词有常见的省略名词有thebakers,thedoctors,theZhangs等。等。当当名名词词词词组组中中心心词词为为表表示示度度量量、距距离离、金金额额、时时间间、书书名名等等复复数数名名词词时时，往往往往可可以以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。Thirtyyears_(be)passed.Fiveminutes_(be)enoughtofinishthetask.不不定定代代词词each、every、no所所修修饰饰的的名名词词即即使使以以and或或逗逗号

6、号连连接接成成多多个个主主语语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：Eachboyandeachgirlinmyclass_(have)adictionary.isisishas第4页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三如如果果主主语语有有morethanone或或manya构构成成，尽尽管管从从意意义义上上看看是是复复数数内内容容，它的谓语动词用单数形式。它的谓语动词用单数形式。Morethanonestudent_(have)seentheplay.Manyaboy_(have)boughtthatkindoftoy.但是，但是，“more+复数名词复数名词+than

7、one”结构之后，谓语用复数。结构之后，谓语用复数。Moremembersthanone(be)againstyourplan.一一些些由由两两个个部部分分构构成成的的名名词词表表示示衣衣物物或或工工具具作作主主语语时时，谓谓语语通通常常用用复复数数形形式式。如如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。等。Yourtrousers(be)tooshort.但但如如果果主主语语用用akindof、apairof、aseriesof等等加加名名词词构构成成时时，谓谓语语动动词词一一般般用用单单数形式。数形式。Apa

8、irofshoes_(be)onthedesk.hashasareareis第5页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三thiskindofbook=abookofthiskind(这这种种书书)，其其谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数；短短语语thiskindofmen=menofthiskind=thesekindofmen(口口语语)（这这一一类类人人），但但thiskindofmen的的谓谓语语用用单单数数，menofthiskind和和thesekindofmen的的谓谓语语用用复复数数，allkindsof后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。Thiskindofme

9、n_(be)dangerous.Menofthiskind_(be)dangerous.复复数数形形式式的的单单、复复数数同同形形名名词词作作主主语语时时，按按意意义义一一致致的的原原则则，用用作作单单数数意意义义时时，谓谓语语用用单单数数，反反之之，谓谓语语用用复复数数。这这类类名名词词有有means、works、species(种种类类)、Chinese、Japanese等等。当当它它们们的的前前面面有有a、sucha、this、that修修饰饰时时，谓谓语语用用单单数；有数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。修饰时，谓语用复数。The/Thisglasswor

10、ks(be)setupin1980.The/Theseglassworks(be)neartherailwaystation.isarewasare第6页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三(11)如如果果名名词词词词组组中中心心词词是是all、most、half、rest、part等等词词语语，所所指指是是复复数数意意义义，谓谓语语动动词词用复数形式，反之用单数。用复数形式，反之用单数。Allofmystudents(be)workinghard.Alloftheoil_(be)gone.(12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主

11、语一致。Betweenthetwowindows_(hang)anoilpainting.（2）由连接词连接的名词作主语。）由连接词连接的名词作主语。用用and或或bothand连连接接并并列列主主语语，谓谓语语动动词词通通常常用用复复数数形形式式。但但如如果果并并列列主主语语指指的的是是同同一一个个人人，同同一一事事物物或或同同一一概概念念时时，谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数形形式式，这这时时and后后面面的的名名词词没没有有冠词。冠词。Truthandhonesty_(be)thebestpolicy.Toloveandtobeloved_(be)thegreathappiness.Goin

12、gtobedearlyandgettingupearly_(be)agoodhabit.Aknifeandfork_(be)onthetable.areishangsareareisis第7页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三当当主主语语后后面面跟跟有有aswellas,asmuchas,nolessthan,alongwith,with、like,ratherthan,togetherwith,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等等引引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数根据主语的单、复数而定。导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数根据主语的单、复数而

13、定。Theteacheraswellasthestudents(be)excited.Theroomwithitsfurniture(be)rented.以以or,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso等等连连接接的的词词作作主主语语时时，采采取取“就近原则就近原则”。Tomorhisbrothers(be)waitingintheroom.Eitheryouorhe(be)togo.NeitheryounorInoranybodyelse(know)anythingaboutit.is/wasis/wasareisknows第8页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星

14、期三（3）代词作主语。）代词作主语。名词性物主代词后的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。名词性物主代词后的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。Ours(OurParty)_(be)agreatParty.Yourshoes_(be)white,mine(=myshoes)_(be)black.such、thesame起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。Such_(be)ourplan.Such_(be)hislastwords.关系代词关系代词who、that、

15、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。Ihavetwosisters,who(be)bothstudents.Thetrainranoveraboyandhisdogthat(be)justcrossingthetrack.Thebuildingwhich(stand)neartheriverisourschool.isareareisarearewerestands第9页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三疑疑问问词词who、what、which作作主主语语时时，谓谓语语动动词词可可根根据据说说话

16、话人人所所要要表表达达的的意意思思决决定定单单、复复数。数。“Who(live)nextdoor?”“ItisXiaoLiu.”“Who(live)nextdoor?”“ItisWangandLi.”不不定定代代词词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等等作作主主语语时时，要要注注意意下下列列情情况：况：（A）单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。）单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。Nowall(have)beenchanged.All(be)present.Letsbeginthemeeting.（B）其其后后接接

17、of时时，若若of的的宾宾语语为为不不可可数数名名词词，动动词词用用单单数数形形式式；若若of的的宾宾语语为为复复数数名名词词或或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。(do)anyofyouknowabouttheaccident?Noneofus(have)seenthefilm.liveslivehasareDose/dohas/have第10页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三（4）分数、量词作主语。）分数、量词作主语。“分分数数或或百百分分数数+of+名名词词”构构成成的的

18、短短语语以以及及由由“some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alargequantityof,aheapof,avarietyof,therestof+名名词词”构构成成的的短短语语作作主主语语时时，其其谓谓语语动动词词要要与与短短语语中中of后后面面的的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而名词前面的量词是修饰语。名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而名词前面的量词是修饰语。Lotsofdamage_(be)causedbyflood.Alotofstudents_(have)gonetothecountryside.Alargequanti

19、tyofbeer_(be)sold.(large)quantitiesof修修饰饰少少数数复复数数名名词词或或不不可可数数名名词词作作主主语语时时，谓谓语语用用复复数数。largeamountsof修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。Quantitiesoffood(be)onthetable.Largeamountsofmoney(be)spentonthebridge.washavewasare/werewere第11页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三表表示示数数量量的的oneandahalf后后，名名词词要要用用复复数数形形式式，但

20、但是是其其短短语语作作主主语语时时，谓谓语语动动词词用用单数形式。单数形式。Oneandahalfapples_(be)leftonthetable.halfof、(a)partof修修饰饰可可数数名名词词单单数数及及不不可可数数名名词词时时，谓谓语语动动词词用用单单数数，修修饰饰可可数数名名词词复数时，谓语动词用复数。复数时，谓语动词用复数。Halfofthefruit(be)bad.Halfoftheapples(be)bad.a(great)numberof,many,afew修饰可数复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。修饰可数复数名词作主语时，谓语用复数。alittle,much,agrea

21、tdealof,alargeamountof修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。Anumberofstudents(have)gonetothecountrysidetohelpwiththeautumnharvest.Agreatdealoftrouble(lie)beforeus.isisarehavelies第12页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三thenumberof+可数复数名词，可数复数名词，theamountof+不可数名词，不可数名词，thequantityof+可数复数名词或不可数名词构成的短语作主语时谓语用单数。可数复数名词或不可数名

22、词构成的短语作主语时谓语用单数。Thenumberofstudentsinourschool(be)increasing.Thequantityofbooksinthelibrary(be)amazing.Thequantityofheatintheoffice(have)notbeenincreased.Theamountofmoney (be)great.(5)名词化的形容词作主语。名词化的形容词作主语。如果主语由如果主语由“the+形容词（或过去分词）形容词（或过去分词）”结构充当时，谓语通常用复数。结构充当时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有这类词有therich、thepoor、thebra

23、ve、theinjured、theliving、thewounded等。等。Theblind(study)inspecialschools.但指个别时用单数。但指个别时用单数。Thedeparted（死者）（死者）(be)awell-knownengineer.（6）从句作主语。）从句作主语。由由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。Whatweneed_(be)moremoney.Whatweneed_(be)moreteachers.isis

24、hasisstudywasisare第13页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三在在“one of+复复数数名名词词+who/that/which”引引导导的的从从句句结结构构中中，关关系系代代词词who/that/which的的先先行行词词是是靠靠近近它它的的复复数数名名词词而而不不是是one，因因此此从从句句中中的的谓谓语语动动词词要要用用复复数数形形式式。但但是是当当one前前有有theonly等等修修饰饰时时，关关系系代代词词的的先先行行词词是是one,因此从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。因此从句中的谓语动词要用单数形式。Thisisoneofthemostinterestingstor

25、iesthat_(have)beentoldbymyfather.Shewastheonlyoneofthegirlswho_(be)lateforclasstoday.（7）非谓语动词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。）非谓语动词作主语时，其谓语用单数形式。Tosee(be)tobelieve.Seeing(be)believing.（8）the+姓的复数形式作主语表示姓的复数形式作主语表示“某人一家人某人一家人”时，谓语用复数时，谓语用复数TheTurners(be)sittingatthebreakfasttable.havewasisisare第14页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三二、

26、精典名题导解（选择填空）二、精典名题导解（选择填空）1.One-thirdofthearea_coveredwithgreentrees.Aboutseventypercentofthetrees_beenplanted.A.are;haveB.is;hasC.is;haveD.are;has2.The number of teachers in our college _ greatly increased last term.Anumberofteachersinthisschool_fromthecountryside.A.was;isB.was;areC.were;areD.were;

27、is3.What_thepopulationofChina?One-thirdofthepopulation_workershere.A.is;areB.are;areC.is;isD.are;is4.Notonlyhebutalsowe_right.Heaswellaswe_right.A.are;areB.are;isC.is;isD.is;are5.Whathedlike_adigitalwatch.Whathedlike_textbooks.A.are;areB.is;isC.is;areD.are;isCBABC第15页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三6.6.He He is i

28、s one one of of the the boys boys who who _ _ here here on on time.time.He He is is the the only only one one of of the the boys who _ here on time.boys who _ here on time.A.has come;have come A.has come;have come B.have come;has come B.have come;has come C.has come;has come C.has come;has come D.ha

29、ve come;have come D.have come;have come 7.7.Either Either you you or or he he _ _ interested interested in in playing playing chess.chess._ _ you you or or he he fond fond of of music music at present?at present?A.are;Are A.are;AreB.is;AreB.is;Are C.are;Is C.are;Is D.is;IsD.is;Is8.8.Many Many a a pr

30、ofessor professor _ _ looking looking forward forward to to visiting visiting Germany Germany now.now.Many scientists _ studied animals and plants in the last two years.Many scientists _ studied animals and plants in the last two years.A.is;have A.is;haveB.is;hasB.is;has C.are;have C.are;have D.is;a

31、re D.is;are 9.A knife and a fork _ on the table.A knife and fork _ on the table.9.A knife and a fork _ on the table.A knife and fork _ on the table.A.is;is A.is;isB.are;areB.are;are C.are;is C.are;is D.is;are D.is;are 10.10.Her Her family family _ _ much much larger larger than than mine mine four f

32、our years years ago.ago.Her Her family family _ _ dancing and singing when I came in last night.dancing and singing when I came in last night.A.were;was A.were;wasB.was;wereB.was;wereC.was;wasC.was;was D.were;wereD.were;were BBACB第16页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三11.11.How How and and why why Jack Jack came cam

33、e to to China China _ _ not not known.known.When When and and where where to to build the new library _ not been decided.build the new library _ not been decided.A.is;has A.is;hasB.are;hasB.are;has C.is;have C.is;have D.are;haveD.are;have12.Now Tom together with his classmates _ football on the play

34、ground.12.Now Tom together with his classmates _ football on the playground.A.A.playplayB.B.are are playingplaying C.C.playsplaysD.D.is is playingplaying13.13.Two Two hundred hundred and and fifty fifty pounds pounds _ _ too too unreasonable unreasonable a a price price for for a a second-hand secon

35、d-hand car.car.A.is A.is B.are B.are C.wereC.were D.be D.be14.All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.14.All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.A.areA.are B.is B.is C.were C.were D.wasD.was15.15.Soon Soon after after the the earthquake,earthquake,every every man,man,woman woman and and child child

36、_ _ about about it.it.A.were talking A.were talking B.was talking B.was talking C.talk C.talkD.talksD.talksADAAB第17页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三16.We each _ strong points and each of us on the other hand _ weak points.16.We each _ strong points and each of us on the other hand _ weak points.A.have;have A.have

37、;have B.has;have B.has;have C.has;has C.has;has D.have;hasD.have;has17.My friend and classmate Paul _ motorcycles in his spare time.17.My friend and classmate Paul _ motorcycles in his spare time.A.race A.raceB.racesB.races C.is raced C.is raced D.is racing D.is racing18.There _ a pen,two pencils,an

38、d three books on the desk.18.There _ a pen,two pencils,and three books on the desk.A.are A.are B.is B.is C.has C.has D.haveD.have19.19.The The factory,factory,including including its its machines machines and and buildings,buildings,_ _ burnt burnt last last night.night.A.is A.is B.areB.are C.were C

39、.were D.was D.was20.Climbing hills _ of great help to health.20.Climbing hills _ of great help to health.A.is A.is B.are B.are C.were C.were D.be D.beDBBDA第18页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三21.Time and tide _ for no man.21.Time and tide _ for no man.A.wait A.waitB.waitedB.waited C.is waiting C.is waiting D.has w

40、aited D.has waited22.The injured in the tsunami _ good care of by some medical teams.22.The injured in the tsunami _ good care of by some medical teams.A.is taken A.is taken B.are being taken B.are being taken C.are taking C.are taking D.is being taken D.is being taken23.It is not only J.K.Rowling b

41、ut her works that _ us excited.23.It is not only J.K.Rowling but her works that _ us excited.A.makes A.makes B.is made B.is made C.make C.make D.are made D.are made24.24.On On the the closet closet _ _ a a pair pair of of trousers trousers his his parents parents bought bought for for his his birthd

42、ay.birthday.A.lying A.lying B.liesB.lies C.lieC.lie D.is laid D.is laid25.Each man and each woman _ asked to help when the fire broke out.25.Each man and each woman _ asked to help when the fire broke out.A.is A.is B.wasB.was C.areC.are D.were D.wereABABB第19页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三26.Large quantities of

43、water _ needed for cooling purpose.26.Large quantities of water _ needed for cooling purpose.A.is A.isB.areB.are C.has C.has D.have D.have27.27.Neither Neither of of the the novels novels which which _ _ popular popular with with us us _ _ been been translated translated into into Chinese.Chinese.A.

44、are,has A.are,has B.are,have B.are,have C.is,have C.is,have D.is,has D.is,has28.Alice,together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule.28.Alice,together with two boys,_ for having broken the rule.A.Was punished B.punished C.were punished D.have been punishedA.Was punished B.punished C.were punish

45、ed D.have been punished29.Apples of this kind _.29.Apples of this kind _.A.tastes goodA.tastes good B.tastes wellB.tastes well C.taste goodC.taste good D.taste well D.taste well30.The rich _ not always happy.30.The rich _ not always happy.A.are A.are B.isB.is C.willC.will D.may D.mayBAACA第20页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三第21页，共21页，编辑于2022年，星期三