小学英语形容词的比较级和最高级-完整课件.ppt

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1、 .用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。全句或名词词组及句子的词。e.g.very,early,quickly,etc.用用 法法例例 句句作表语作表语My mother is out.作定语作定语The girl there is my friend.作状语作状语He runs fast.作宾补作宾补I found him outside.用以修饰名词，表示事物的用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征特征的词。的词。e.g.long,tall,short，cheap,hungry,etc.一般来说，中文意思是“的”的词是形容词，而中文意思是“地”的

2、词是副词。.形容词比较级用于两者（人或事物）之形容词比较级用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个“更更”或或“较较”，后面用连词，后面用连词than连接连接另一个所比较的人或事物。例如：另一个所比较的人或事物。例如：1.That ruler is longer than this one.2.Mary is younger than me(I).“A+be+形容词比较级形容词比较级+than+B”意思为意思为“A比比B更更”.在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较*比较应在同类事物中进行比较应在同类事物中进行

3、.在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。如：A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.very,quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。.young-yonger-yongest old older-oldest tall-taller-tallest small-smaller-smallestearly-earlier-earliest thirsty-thirstier-thirstiest1.一般情况下在形容词或副词后加一般情况下在形容词或副词后加-er（比较级）或est（最高级）:2.以字母以字母e结尾的形容词，加结尾的形容词

4、，加-r 或或-st4.以以“辅音字母辅音字母y”结尾的形容词，先改结尾的形容词，先改“y”为为“i”，再加，再加-er 或或-est.bigbigger-biggest fatfatter-fattest形容词比较级最高级规则形容词比较级最高级规则nice nicer-nicest safe safer-safest3.重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再再 加加-er或或-est.一一.5.5.部分双音节词或多音节词前面加部分双音节词或多音节词前面加more,most.如:interesting more interesti

5、ng most interestingfamous more famous most famous原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/illworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastfaroldolder elderoldest eldestfartherfurtherfarthesfurthes两好、两好、两坏、两坏、两多、两多、一少、一少、一老一老、一远一远.Read and compare:younglongfullshortsmalloldfineeasyhungryearlyheavybigredyounger yo

6、ungestlonger longestfuller fullest shorter shortestsmaller smallestolder oldest finer finesteasier easiesthungrier hungriest earlier earliestheavier heaviestbigger biggest redder reddest.healthymanyfamousillexcitingcarefullywet hotlittlefewhealthier healthiestmore mostmore famous most famousworse wo

7、rstmore exciting most excitingmore carefully most carefullywetter wettesthotter hottestless leastfewer fewest.词词 尾尾 变变 化化原级原级比较比较级级最高最高级级单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er(比较级比较级)或或-est(最高级最高级)以字母以字母e接尾的词加接尾的词加-r或或-sttall hard large wide以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一以重读闭音节结尾的词末尾只有一个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加个辅音字母应双写辅音字母再加er或或estbig hot thin

8、fat wet 以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的词变为结尾的词变为i再加再加-er,或或-esthappy dry early narrow clever 多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面多音节词和多数双音节词在其前面加加more 和和most difficult popular slowlytaller harder larger wider tallest hardest largest widestbigger hotter fatter wetterbiggest hottest fattest wettest happier drier earlierhappiest driest ea

9、rliestnarrower cleverernarrowest cleverestmore difficult more popularmore slowly most difficult most popularmost slowly少数以少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词可加词可加-er或或-est.原级原级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittlefarold比较级比较级最高级最高级better bestworseworstless more mostfarther/furtherolder/elderleast farthest/furthestoldest

10、/eldest巧记：巧记：特殊形式比较级特殊形式比较级共有三对二合一共有三对二合一坏病两多并两好坏病两多并两好little意思不是小意思不是小一分为二有两个一分为二有两个一是老来二是远一是老来二是远.1.原级原级:可用可用very,quite,so,too,等词修饰等词修饰.e.g Jim is very tall.2.比较级比较级:可用可用much,many,a lot,a little,a bit 等修饰等修饰.其其主要句型主要句型有：有：(1)A+be+比较级比较级+than+B e.g Mary is much younger than Sue.(2)(3)疑问句疑问句+动词动词+比较

11、级比较级,AorB?e.g Who draws better,Tom or Jim?(4)比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级，表示越来越，表示越来越e.g the days are getting shorter and shorter.A+行为动词行为动词+副比副比+than+物体物体B.Dogs run faster than goats.He studies better than me.其其主要句型主要句型有：有：(4)Which like better,A or B?e.g Which do you like better,maths or English?the+比较级比较级,th

12、e+比较级比较级,表示越表示越越越 e.g he says,”the busier,the better.”.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：of the three,in our class等等。如：He is the tallest in our class.他在我们班里是最高的。.1 1）A+am/are/is+the+A+am/are/is+the+形最高级形最高级 +比较范围比较范围（of+of+人人/物，物，in+in+地方）地方）.I am the tallest in the class.Pas

13、ta is the most delicious food of the three.2）A+行为动词+副词最高级+比较范围（of+人/物，in+地方）.Dogs run fastest in the world.He studies best of us.3）.最高级:形容词的最高级要加定冠词the,副词最高级可省略the,主要句型有:the +最高级+ofinJim works hardest of us all.My mother is the busiest in my familye.g4）疑问词疑问词+动词动词+最高级最高级5)which like best,A,B or C?.构

14、 成 方 法原 级比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加一般在词尾加-er/或或-est /ist/talltallertallestfastfasterfastest以字母以字母e结尾的形容词，结尾的形容词，加加-r 或或-stnicenicernicest以重读闭音节结尾且末以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；应先双写这个辅音字母；再加再加-es或或-estbigbiggerbiggestthinthinnerthinnest以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的结尾的词词，先改，先改“y”为为“i”,再加再加-er或或-est

15、easyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加在词前加more或或mostbeautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinterestingmore interestingmost interesting一一、形容词比较等级的规则变化如下：、形容词比较等级的规则变化如下：.二、不规则形容词的比较级最高级二、不规则形容词的比较级最高级原 级比 较 级最 高 级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastill/bad/badlyworseworstfa

16、rfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestoldolder/elderoldest/eldest.练 习1.tall _ _ 2.nice _ _ 3.strong _ _4.old _ _5.big _ _6.thin _ _7.heavy _ _8.beautiful _ _9.good _ _tallerstrongeroldertalleststrongesoldestbiggerbiggestthinnerthinnesnicernicestheavierheaviestmore beautiful most beautifulbetterbest.原级的用法

17、原级的用法1.修饰原级的词，修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，too.例如例如:1).He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。2).My brother runs so fast that I cant follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他.3).His handwriting is very good.他的书法很好。他的书法很好。（一个人不作比较。）（一个人不作比较。）.表示两者的比较时用比较级。表示两者的比较时用比较级。如：如：Liu Xiang is tal

18、ler than Jim.“A+be+形容词比较级+than+B”意思为“A比B更”。表示三者或三者以上中表示三者或三者以上中“最最“时，用最时，用最高级。高级。如：如：Yao Ming is the tallest of the three.“A+be+the+形容词最高级+范围”意思为“A在范围内最”。.三三.使用比较级和最高级的几个注意点使用比较级和最高级的几个注意点比较应在同类事物中进行比较应在同类事物中进行.避免双重比较避免双重比较.比较级和最高级前的修饰语不可误用比较级和最高级前的修饰语不可误用.最高级后的介词最高级后的介词in与与of.a.in 表示表示“在在内内(指某范围内指某

19、范围内)”可以跟表示可以跟表示单位单位,组织组织,时间等单数名词时间等单数名词.b.of表示属性表示属性(指在同类的人指在同类的人,物中物中)后可接后可接 the+基数词基数词/the+基数词基数词+名词复数名词复数/all+the+复数名词复数名词/all形容词的最高级前要用形容词的最高级前要用the比较级前加比较级前加the.LetLets s fill in the fill in the blanks,blanks,.二。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级构成：二。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级构成：规则变化规则变化1单音节词在词尾加单音节词在词尾加-er比较级，比较级，加加-est最最高级。

20、高级。原级原级 比较级比较级 最高级最高级bright brighter brightestyoung younger youngestlong longer longest.2.以字母以字母e 结尾的词只加结尾的词只加-r或或-st构成比较构成比较级和最高级。级和最高级。nice nicer nicestfine finer finestwhite whiter whitest 3.重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，应先重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，应先双写辅音字母，再加双写辅音字母，再加-er 或或-est.big bigger biggest.4.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加-y 结尾的词，

21、先把结尾的词，先把-y变为变为 I，再加再加-er-est.easy easier easiest5.部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加加more构成比较级和构成比较级和most构成最高级，构成最高级，eg.slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful.不规则变化不规则变化:个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化，个别形容词的比较级和最高级是不规则变化，需个别记忆。需个别记忆。e.g.good(well)better bestbad(badly,ill)worse

22、 worstmany(much)more mostlittle less leastfar father/further farthest/furthest.三三.可以修饰比较级的词，可以修饰比较级的词，much，a lot，far，的多的多a little，a bit，一点儿一点儿even甚至，甚至，still仍然。例如，仍然。例如，1）Tom looks even younger than before.汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。2）This train runs much faster than that one.这辆火车比那辆跑地快。这辆火车比那辆跑地快。3）She

23、drives still more carefully than her husband.她开车仍然比她丈夫还认她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。真。.四四.“比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级”表示表示“越来越越来越”。1.He is getting taller and taller.他变得越来他变得越来越高了。越高了。2.The flowers are more and more beautiful.花儿越来越漂亮。花儿越来越漂亮。3.He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作业越来越认真了。他做作业越来越认真了。“the+比较级，比较级，t

24、he+比较级比较级”表示表示“越越，越，越”。The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes youll make.你越认真犯的错误越少。你越认真犯的错误越少。.五五.最高级用法：用于最高级用法：用于三者或三者以上三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一群人或事物中，其中一个或事物中，其中一个“最最”,表示这表示这一意思时形容词要用最高级形式一意思时形容词要用最高级形式.最高级前一般要用定冠词最高级前一般要用定冠词the,句中一般句中一般有一个表示比较范围的介词有一个表示比较范围的介词of或或in短语短语.提示板：提

25、示板：of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词词或名词,in后面一般接表示每一单位或后面一般接表示每一单位或场所的名词。例如：场所的名词。例如：.1.She is the youngest of the three children2.Of all the boys in our class Tom is the youngest.我们班上所有的男生中我们班上所有的男生中,Tom年纪最小年纪最小。3.Tom is the tallest in his class.Tom is the tallest of all the students.汤姆是他们班上汤姆是他

26、们班上/所有学生当中最高的。所有学生当中最高的。.副词的构成与用法和形容词相同副词的构成与用法和形容词相同提醒：提醒：1.句子中，副词最高级前的句子中，副词最高级前的the 可省可省略也可以不省略，但形容词最高级前面的略也可以不省略，但形容词最高级前面的the 绝对不能去掉。绝对不能去掉。e.g.Who runs(the)fastest,Tom,Jim or Mike?2.“主语主语+be+one of the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+复数名词复数名词+in/of 短语短语”表示：表示：“是是中最中最之一之一”。例如，。例如，Beijing is one of the largest cit

27、ies in China.北京是中国最大城市之一。北京是中国最大城市之一。.3.“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be+the+最高级最高级+甲，乙，甲，乙，or丙？丙？”用于三者以上的比较。例如，用于三者以上的比较。例如，Which country is the largest，China，Japan or Canada？哪一个国家最大，中国，日本还是加拿大？哪一个国家最大，中国，日本还是加拿大？4.“特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be+the+副词最高级副词最高级+甲，甲，乙，乙，or丙？丙？”用于三者以上的比较。例如，用于三者以上的比较。例如，Which season do you like(the)be

28、st，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？.1.Tom is _(tall)than Jim.2.Li Lei is the _(young)boy in his class.3.Who is _(thin),you or Helen?Helen is.4.Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers?5Ben jumps _(high)than some of the boys in his class.6Does Nancy sing _(well)than Hel

29、en?Yes,she does.7My eyes are _(big)than hers.8Which is _(heavy),the elephant,the chickor the pig?.改错：1.Im than you.2.He is than me.3.Youre in our school.4.Who is ,you or me?5.She is in her family.tallyounggershortestfatthinest.Do some exercises同义句转换同义句转换1.He is the tallest student in his class.He is

30、 _ _ _ _ student in his class.He is _ _ _ _ students in his class.2.Peter draws well,Lilei draws better.Lilei draws _ of the two.3.The tractor goes faster than the bike.The bike goes _ _ than the tractor.4.His cakes dearer than the twins cakes.His cake is _ _ of the three.taller than any other talle

31、r than the otherbettermore slowlythe dearest.选择填空选择填空1.Which does Jimmy like ,Chinese or Art?A.well B.best C.better D.much2.The Chang jiang River is one of in the world.A.the longest river B.longest rivers C.the longest rivers D.longer rivers3.of the two women is Mrs Brown.A.The beautiful B.The more

32、 beautiful C.More beautiful D.The most beautiful4.My mooncake is nicer his.A.like B.with C.for D.than 5.You are fatter than .A.he B.his C.him D.he is tall6.He jumps of the three.A.far B.further C.farthest D.furthest7.My hair is longer than .A.my sister B.Kate C.my brothers D.LucysCCBDACC.8.There are

33、 paper here.Please bring some.A.little B.less C.fewer D.a little9.The pen is than that one.A.more cheap B.cheap C.much cheaper D.quite cheaper10.Tom speaks Chinese better than Jimmy.A.more B.very C.a lot of D.much 11.There are girls in Class Two than in Class Four.A.more B.nicest C.most D.best 12.It

34、s too for you to do that.A.easy B.more dangerous C.harder D.the easiest13.Who has apples now,Jim,Lily or Lucy?A.much B.biggest C.better D.the most 14.You have more rulers than me.But are nicer than .A.mine,yours B.mine,your C.my,yours D.my,your15.Tingting is than Meimei,but Meimei is than Tingting.A

35、.tall,stronger B.taller,strongest C.tallest,strong D.taller,strongerACDAADAD.16.Mother is in my family.A.busy B.busier C.the busiest D.more busy17.There are in the park on Sunday.A.more children B.a lot of people C.much men and women D.many peoples18.The dumplings are than the noodles,I think.A.more

36、 nicer B.much delicious C.very nice D.much more delicious19.She is than me at drawings.A.better B.best C.good D.harder 20.-This blue sweater is too big for me.-Will you please show me a one?A.small B.smaller C.the smallest D.smallestCBDAB.改错改错1.Lesson 9 is more easier than Lesson 10.2.My mother is y

37、ounger than your.3.He is one of longest boys in his class.4.The boy doesnt draw much well.5.Betty is the youngest on the three girls.6.Tom runs faster than any other girls in his class.7.There is fewer bread in the fridge.8.Mother is the busiest of my family.9.Jim is shorter of the two boys.10.You can jump very higher on the moon than on the earth.yoursthe longestveryoflessinthe shortermuchgirl.