山东省2022年中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读理解.docx

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1、山东省2022年中考英语真题分题型分层汇编-03阅读理解一、阅读单选（2022 山东东营中考真题）Do you know you have more than 600 muscles （肌肉）in your body? These muscles have different jobs. Keeping your muscles healthy will help you be able to walk, run, jump and do all the things you love to do.What kind of muscles do you haveWhen you think a

2、bout your muscles, you probably think about the ones you can control. These are your voluntary （随意的）muscles. They are connected to your bones （骨骼）and work together with your bones to help you walk, run, pick up things or ride a bicycle. The muscles of your mouth and throat even help you talk! But th

3、ere are also muscles you can t control. They are your involuntary （不随意的） muscles, such as your heart muscle and smooth muscles.Why are healthy muscles importantHealthy muscles let you move freely and keep your body strong. They also help to keep your joints （关节）in good shape. If the muscles around y

4、our knee, for example, get weak, you will more probably in jure （伤害）that knee. Healthy muscles also help you keep your balance, so you less probably fall.How do you keep your muscles healthy Get at least 60 minutes of physical exercise every day. There are lots of activities you can do for your musc

5、les. Walking, jumping, dancing and swimming are all good ways. Eat healthily. It will help manage your weight and provide different kinds of nutrients （营养素）for your muscles and health. For example, if you don t get enough iron, you may feel weak and tired, because your muscles don t get enough oxyge

6、n （氧气）., Prevent injuries. There are many ways to help prevent muscle injuries. For example, doing warm-up exercises before exercising may make the muscles warmer. Don t try to “play through the pain. If something starts to hurt, STOP exercising or playing. When you lift something heavy, keep your b

7、ack straight and bend （弯曲）your knees to lift it. This will protect the muscles in your back. Remember to drink lots of water while exercising, especially in warm weather. If your body, s water level gets too low, you could get dizzy （晕眩的）or even pass out.1. Which of the following muscles are involun

8、tary muscles?show the Chinese great expectation for happiness and wealth.Chinese New Year Painting is an old handicraft. Its original （最初的）form was a picture of a door god during the Tang Dynasty. Later, more subjects such as the Kitchen God, women and babies were included. As the Chinese New Year a

9、rrives, every family puts up its New Year paintings in order to say goodbye to the past and welcome the future. One of the most famous woodblock New Year paintings comes from Yangjiabu of Shandong Province. It covers all kinds of themes and forms. They reflect people s everyday life.As time went by,

10、 people found New Year paintings old-fashioned. Besides, they considered the door god too scary to hang in their homes. They wanted something more artistic. So in the middle of the 1980s, the sales of New Year paintings dropped greatly.Usually, colorful woodblock New Year paintings are produced in f

11、our steps. Firstly, artists draw a simple sketch（素描）on the paper. Secondly, they make the simple sketch on the wood board and print a few samples （样品）.Thirdly, they add color to the sample. Lastly, when the preparation is finished, the printers paint color on the color board, and then put paper on t

12、he wood board and brush the paper. Then the colorful woodblock New Year paintings are ready.There are four main themes in the Chinese New Year paintings*33. Which is the first form of Chinese New Year Painting?A. A picture of babies.B. A picture of a door god.C. A picture of women.D. A picture of th

13、e Kitchen God.34. Why did fewer and fewer people buy Chinese New Year paintings in the middle of the 1980s? Because people.A. wanted something that was full of artB. found New Year paintings unimportantC. thought the door god couldn, t bring good luckD. found it hard to produce New Year paintings35.

14、 What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. How artists add color to the sample.B. What woodblock New Year paintings reflect.C. How artists produce colorful woodblock New Year paintings.D. Who makes the simple sketch on the wood board and the paper.36. In which part of a magazine can you read this t

15、ext?98 .推理判断题。根据 Margaret really wanted to be a doctor. So she cut off her long hair, practiced speaking in a deep voice, and put on boy s clothes. She also named herself James Barry v 可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。99 . D 100. C 101. D 102. B【导语】本文主要讲述了作者有了一个小两岁的妹妹，两个人做了不应该做的事，总是作者背黑锅， 因为一件小事作者离家出走，妈

16、妈的一席话打消了作者的念头，从此即使与妹妹有小矛盾也能处理好。100 推理判断题。根据 uEvery time we did something that we shouldn t do, I got into more trouble. It seemed everybody paid attention to her” 及 “Going back with my new-found information, I asked my mother to make a change and she said no”可知，作者因为受到不公平待遇所以离家出走， 故选Do101 .细节理解题。根据“A

17、re you going to Grandma Sylvia s?” I couldn t believe she would know this. She was like a witch”可知，妈妈知道作者要去祖母家，所以作者认为妈妈就像一个女巫 一样，故选C。102 .推理判断题。根据 utomorrow P 11 call the orphanage （孤儿院）and send her away” 及 “Mum always answers in the same way, “You had your chance. 可知,这里的“机会”说的是前 文交代的作者的妈妈故意提议把妹妹送到孤

18、儿院，其实妈妈这句话的含义是影射作者要友好地跟妹妹相处, 故选Do103 .推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，妈妈故意提议把妹妹送到孤儿院，慢慢地打消了作者觉得自 己受到不公平待遇的想法，并且能够学会友好地与妹妹相处，由此可见妈妈是一个明智的人，故选B。104 . B 104. A 105. C 106. C【导语】本文主要介绍了得到免费能源的几种方式。105 . 细节理解题。根据“When you do some running, you have a lot of energy which comes from the movement of your body及“We already hav

19、e watches and small medical clevises （设备）which can use energy that we make when we move”可知，身体移动时获得的能量给它们提供能量，故选B。106 .细节埋解题。根据 uThe squares were made of special materials that make electricity when they change shapev可知，改变形状时产生电，故选A。107 .主旨大意题。根据“We can also use body heat”可知，本段主要介绍了身体热量的用处，故 选Co108 .

20、推理判断题。根据“It is a great way to get free energy一all you need is a lot of people.” 可知，作者认为这是免费获取能量的好方法，只需要许多人就可以做到，由此可推断作者对于人体能量使 用的发展抱有很大希望，故选C。109 . A 108. B 109. A【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家卖巧克力的特色博物馆。110 .细节理解题。根据 “You get a good ticket when you arrive一it is a bar of chocolate and you can eat it while you are

21、walking around”可知，这张票是由巧克力制作的，故选A。111 .细节理解题。根据Prague, Czech”及“At the museum, you can try making a picture yourself v 可知，在布拉格可以尝试自己做一张图片，故选B。112 .细节理解题。根据People sit in little cars to move from room to room, and on the journey they learn all about Hershey s chocolatev可知,人们在这个博物馆可以体验到特别的“旅行”,故 选Ao113

22、. A 111. C 112. D 113. A【导语】本文主要向大家介绍了中国的食品配送行业的相关情况。114 . 推理判断题。 根据 “After work, you go back home, open an app, place your order, and wait for your food to be delivered （投递）to your home”可知，作者通过举例的方式引出主题，故选A。115 . 主旨大意题。 根据 “Which group of people is ordering food online the most? For sure, it is mai

23、nly young people可知，第二段主要介绍了在网上订餐最多的人群是年轻人，故选C。116 . 推理判断题。 根据 Small families depend largely on food delivery services, Chinese families have changed in size over the past ten years 及 “For small families, cooking always takes a lot of time and energy, so ordering food online has become more popularv

24、可知，对于 小家庭来说，网上订餐更受欢迎，而在过去几年小家庭的数量增长了许多，由此可知是因为家庭规模变得 越来越小，所以网上订餐越来越受欢迎，故选D。117 . 推理判断题。 根据 “As their services continue to improve, it s certain that the food delivery industry will keep growing in the future,可知,作者认为外卖行业将在未来持续增长, 故选Ao118 . D 115. D 116. C 117. A 118. B【导语】本文介绍了随着传统文化的复兴，汉服变得越来越受欢迎了，以

25、及汉服的样子，和所代表的 文化意义。114 . 细节理解题。 根据 “As the government encourages the renaissance of traditional culture, Hanfu is getting more and more popular with the teenagers. 可知，随着政府鼓励传统文化的复兴， 汉服越来越受到青少年的欢迎。故选D。115 .细节理解题。根据 “In modern China, the Hanfu lovers are from history fans, cartoon fans to clothes fans.

26、”可知，在现代中国，汉服爱好者从历史迷、卡通迷到服装迷。故选D。116 .细节理解题。根据Clothes are the basic part of culture, so both the traditional clothes and modern clothes play the same role in culture, ”（服饰是文化的基础，传统服饰和现代服饰在文 化中的作用是一样的，）可知，服装能帮助我们更好地了解我们的文化。故选C。117 .细节理解题。根据It falls on the third day of the third month in Chinese lunar

27、calendar. 可知，中国汉服节在三月的第三天，B选项表述错误；根据“在现代中国，汉服爱好者从历史迷、卡通迷 到服装迷”可知，不是只有在大学里的学生喜欢穿汉服。C选项表述错误；根据“Hanfu is the traditional clothing of the Han people who lived in China before the Qing Dynasty. 可知，人们穿汉服是在 清朝以前，D选项表述错误。故选A。118 .推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了随着传统文化的复兴，汉服变得越来越受欢迎了，以 及汉服的样子，和所代表的文化意义。最有可能在报纸上的“我们的文化”板块看

28、到。故选B。119 . A 120. B 121. D 122. C 123. A【导语】本文介绍翟志刚等三位宇航员在太空上授课，向同学们展示失重环境中的一些知识。120 .细节理解题。根据 “The questions covered different facets of life and work in space, such as how to take care of their skin, whether hot water is available, if the moon looks different from the Tiangong station, and how te

29、ars move in a microgravitational （微重力）environmentn 可知，问题包括如何护理皮肤、是否有热水、月球与天宫站的外观是否不同，以及眼泪在微重力环境下如 何运动。故选A。121 . 词句猜测题。 分析 “The questions covered different facets of life and work in space” 及后文提到的问题可知，这些问题涉及太空生活和工作的各个方面，此处“facets”的意思是“各方面”， 与parts语意相近，故选B。122 .推埋判断题。根据They also showed students two pi

30、eces of cutting-edge scientific equipment inside the space station”可知,他们还向学生们展示了空间站内的两件尖端科学设备。故 选Do123 .细节理解题。根据the class will be an ueye-opener, for youngsters, especially students,by implanting （植入）the love of science and creativity in them” 可知，通过在学生中灌输对科 第14页共130页学和创造力的热爱，故选C。124 .主旨大意题。本文介绍翟志刚等三

31、位宇航员在太空上授课，向同学们展示失重环境中的一些知 识，主题是关于太空，故选A。125 . C 125. C 126. A 127. B 128. D【导语】本文介绍了三种动物表达问候的方式。126 . 细节理解题。 根据 “The most common ways of greeting between chimpanzees are hand touching and hugging可知，黑猩猩之间最常见的问候方式是握手和拥抱，故选C。127 .细节理解题。根据 “This is to feel how strong and tall the other is”可知，这是为了 感受对方的

32、强壮和高大，也就是对彼此有个了解，故选C。128 .推理判断题。根据“The two groups can then travel together. Unlike most of the other animals, dolphins are smart enough to learn a new language by inventing and copying new sounds” 可知，海豚互相“问候”之后就一起旅行，海豚足够聪明，可以通过发明和复制新的声音来学习一种新的 语言，由此可推断它们很友好很聪明，故选A。129 .细节理解题。根据 “They can hear other

33、dolphins from many kilometers away” 可知，它 们可以听到许多公里外其他海豚的声音，故选B。130 .推理判断题。本文介绍了三种动物表达问候的方式，与自然有关，故选D。131 . C 130. A 131. B 132. D 133. B【导语】本文主要讲述了 “tin man对一个病人邻居的帮助，从这个事情中，作者深受触动，学到 了很多。129 .推理判断题。根据 “This is a story of a man who works in a big factory. I have seen him for years可推断，作者和这个人是在这家大工厂工作

34、的同事，故选C。130 .词义猜测题。根据 “I heard my manager ask the “tin man” about what he was going to do with those tins he had collectedv 及 ubecause I always assumed that “tin man” would take those tins to the recycling center可知，推断这个人拿着这些收集的罐子去垃圾回收中心，所以assumed 表示“推断”，故选A。131 .细节理解题。根据“I will give these tins to my

35、 neighbor. He has been ill for many years and cannot workv可知，要把这些罐子送给生病的邻居，故选B。132 .细节理解题。根据“I was so shocked to hear that”可知，听到了这个人的回答，作者感到震惊，故选D。133 .主旨大意题。根据“It was the most beautiful moment in my life. It has made me feel humble （谦卑的）every day since then及全文的内容可知，本文主要讲述了一个不起眼的人用自己方式帮助 生病邻居的善行义举，故

36、选B。134 . C 135. B 136. A 137. C【导语】本文介绍了候鸟在漫长的迁徙过程中的唾眠习惯135 .细节理解题。根据 “In other words, they sleep with their eyes open. 可知，军舰鸟可 以睁着眼睛睡觉。故选C。136 .篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题：候鸟如何睡觉和何时睡觉；第二段介绍军舰鸟 能够在飞行时睡觉并有两种短期睡眠；第三第四段分别具体介绍军舰鸟两种短期睡眠；第五段讲了其他候 鸟在迁徙过程中是如何睡觉并且有候鸟几乎没有睡觉；第六段总结全文展望未来。综上所述，B图符合本 文结构。故选B。137 .细节理解题。

37、根据The sleeping habits of birds are different from species （物种）to species.可知，科学家研究后发现鸟类的睡眠习惯因物种而异。故选A。138 .最佳标题题。根据During this long journey, when and how do they sleep?” 和全文内容 可知，本文介绍了候鸟在漫长的迁徙过程中的睡眠习惯，C选项“在天空中睡觉”可作为标题。故选C。139 . C 139. A 140. B 141. C【导语】本文讲述了仓颉是如何创造出一整套符号来记录事物，也就是仓颉造字的故事。140 .细节理解题。根

38、据 uCang took out a piece of knotted rope, but found it was rotten （腐 烂的）. It was impossible for him to remember the event clearly. ?可知，仓颉记不清这件事，因 为他不能从腐烂的绳子或形状记起那件事。故选C。141 .词义猜测题。根据“These footmarks helped him to recognize what animals had passed by. ” 可知，动物的脚印各不相同，这些脚印帮助仓颉认出了经过的动物，所以recognize表示“识别”

39、，和know 意思相同。故选A。142 .推理判断题。根据 “To show the sun, for example, he used a circle with a dot （小点） in the middle. A half-circle and a vertical line （竖线）made up the moon. And three curves （曲 线）were used to show water. ,可知，第四段作者通过举例的方式解释仓颉的简单标记。故选B。143 .主旨大意题。根据In the end, Gang created a whole set of symbo

40、ls to record things. v 和全文内容可知，本文主要讲了仓颉是如何创造出一整套符号来记录事物，也就是仓颉造字的故事。故选Co142. B143. C144. A【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。介绍了一些时事要闻，主要包括北京冬奥会、神州3名航天员成功返 航和中国在珠穆朗玛峰建立气象站。144 .词句猜测题。根据 “The Ice Ribbon was also called the fastest ice” by the players to help them achieve their best performances. ,可知冰丝带也被运动员们称为“最快的冰”，以帮助 他

41、们获得最佳表现。由此可知fastest ice指的是“The Ice Ribbon”。故选B。145 .细节理解题。根据Astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu were out of the return capsule （返回日仓）of the Shenzhou-13 spaceship at the Dongfeng landing site in North China s Inner Mongolia on Saturday morning, April 16, 2022. ” 可知在 2022 年 4 月 16 日，星期

42、六上午， 翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富在中国北部内蒙古的东风着陆场，从神舟13号飞船的返回舱中出来，由此可知 神舟13号于2022年4月16日安全降落回地球。故选C。146 .细节理角星题。根据They set up the world? s highest weather station at a height of 8, 800 meters to study the effects of climate （气候） changes on the environment of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau （青藏高原）.”可知他们在8800米的高度建立了世界上最高的气象站

43、，以研究气候变化对青藏 高原环境的影响。故选A。147 . B 146. C 147. A 148. B【导语】本文主要介绍了因为受新冠肺炎疫情影响，巴基斯坦一个地区的学校仍然处于停课状态。为 了使学生们能够继续读书学习，一头叫作Roshan的骆驼充当了 “移动图书馆”的角色。148 .细节理解题。根据第二段“The officials and teachers were worried about how to keep children learning during that time. After some thought, they realized that the answer

44、could be a camel, so the Camel Library project started. ”可知，是为了让孩子继续学习。故选B。149 .细节理解题。根据第三段 uLocal people were so thankful to Roshan for his kind work. ” 可知，当地人很感激这头骆驼。故选C。150 .细节理解题。根据最后一段 uThe project is expected to continue and cover more villages. n 可知，这个项目可能会继续下去。故选A。151 .标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了因为

45、受新冠肺炎疫情影响，巴基斯坦一个地区的 学校仍然处于停课状态。为了使学生们能够继续读书学习，一头叫作Roshan的骆驼充当了 “移动图书馆” 的角色。B选项“移动骆驼图书馆”符合主题。故选B。149. B150. A151. C152. C【导语】本文主要介绍了骑自行车再次受到欢迎的现象以及原因。152 . 推理判断题。 根据 In recent times, cycling has seen a rise in popularity, so the question is: what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once

46、 again?”可知，第一段的目的是 引出话题：为什么骑自行车如此受欢迎。故选B。153 . 词义猜测题。 根据 “By cycling, you save money instead of driving a car or taking a bus. ” 可知，骑自行车可以省钱，因此wallet s health”指的是“骑自行车很省钱”。故选A。154 .细节理解题。根据 “It can help you to reduce your carbon footprint. Not giving gases out into the air is better for the planet a

47、nd your own environment. 可知，骑自彳亍车对环境有 好处是因为有助于减少碳足迹。故选C。155 .主旨大意题。根据第一段 “what makes it so popular to people to ride their bikes once again?” 与最后一段 “So, whether people want to cycle for their health, going around town, their wallet, the environment, or a combination of all of them, the popularity of

48、 cycling is on the rise.以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了骑自行车再次受到欢迎的现象以及原因。C选项“骑自行车越 来越受欢迎。”符合主题。故选C。156 . C 154. A 155. B 156. C【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了感动中国2021年度人物江梦南的人生故事。157 .细节理解题。根据She was chosen on March 3, 2022 to receive the award given on CCTV, which choose a 10 models nationwide every year who spread positive energy （正能量）.“ 可矢口， 江梦南被授予感动中国十大人物的荣誉称号是因为她向人们传播正能量。故选C。158 .细节理解题。根据Born in 1992, Jiang s world has been silent since she was 6 months old, when medicine she was given completely hurt her hearing. ” 可知,江梦南小时候就失去了听 力。故选A。159 . 细节理解题。根据 “ In the future, she wants to continue scientific research an