备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点 39-完形填空夹叙夹议文（15空）（重难题型）（解析版）.docx

《备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点 39-完形填空夹叙夹议文（15空）（重难题型）（解析版）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《备战2023年高考英语一轮复习考点 39-完形填空夹叙夹议文（15空）（重难题型）（解析版）.docx（25页珍藏版）》请在淘文阁 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、考点39.完形填空夹叙夹议文（15空）（重难题型）夹叙夹议文是近年来高考完形填空常见的一种体裁，这类体裁的文章一般具有哲理性，往往从一件看 似平淡的小事中领悟出深刻的人生哲理，因此耐人寻味，可读性较强。在语言方面，这类体裁的文章既有记叙文的特点，同时又具有议论文的特点。在结构上，该文体采用 “先叙后议”“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”的写作模式，旨在记叙的基础上，通过议论的手段，说明作者 的态度、观点、思想和目的。选材上会源于真实生活，平淡叙述中流露人间真情，体现理性思维，人文情 怀、参与社会的人文素养。在词性上仍会以实词为主，其中动词会占半壁江山，虚词几乎不会考查，并且 完形填空题注重对文章语境的

2、理解。难易上，句内层次题（答案由设空所在句子决定，多凭语感可知答案） 和句组层次题（答案由设空临近句子决定，需前后寻找信息或暗示）较容易且所占比重较大，语篇层次题 （答案由整篇文章的内涵决定，需统揽全局）考查较少但难度较大。法技巧）针对高考夹叙夹议性的完形填空题，解答技巧如下：1 .分析结构，抓住作者观点。在做题时要借助文章结构，认真体会记叙和议论的关系，抓住作者的观点，明确文章的组织方式。看 文章属于上述哪种结构，从而明白作者的思路。2 .重视首句，把握文章主题。首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作目的，为全面理解文 章打开一扇“窗户3 .叙议兼顾，理解议论

3、内涵。夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体，叙是议的基础，而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时，掌握议论 部分的内容是关键，因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来，再结合人物心 理和行为的描述，全面把握文章才能正确解题。4 .抓住转换，理清逻辑关系。抓住记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式，理清上下文之间的逻辑关系，在充分把握语境的基础上， 辨析词语，进一步把握作者的观点、态度，找到正确答案。解答完形填空题需具备“题文齐读”的技能，也即是一边读文，一边用眼睛的余光扫一下题目。这项 技能要求较高，运用此法要保证注意力高度集中，要具备较强的聚合思维。在平时的训练中要多尝试应用 才能默化成

4、规，内化于心。通常，在具体的解题中，需掌握以下解题方法：1.利用平行结构解题37、had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around.Isnt that what 38 in life? We spend most of our time 39 with neighbors, friends and family, trying to 40 them, or trying to outdo them while there was never a competition in the firstplace.We use most

5、of our time and energy in competitions, where we miss out our own paths to our 41.Unhealthy competition is a continous process and a never-ending cycle. No matter what you do, someone will always be 42 you; someone with a better job, a nice car and more money.So stop doing that! Just feel 43 for wha

6、t life has offered you. Stay concentrated on your44, and live a healthy life. Theres no competition in destiny.45 your own race of life andwish others well!31. A.remindB.pass32. A.runningB.driving33. A.caught upwith B.put up with34. A. when35. A. test36. A. focused37. A. target38. A. happens39. A. c

7、elebrating40. A. encourage41. A. college42. A. next to43. A. beautiful44. A. advantage45. A. LiveB. asB. projectB. dependedB. turnB. remainsB. communicatingB. helpB. destinationB. behindB gratefulB. competitorB. DriveC , approachC. walkingC. kept withC. becauseC, raceC. affectedC. blockC. offersC. a

8、rguingC , defeatC. businessC , aroundC carefulC. positionC. RunD. followD. cyclingD. came up withD. whileD . taskD. impressedD. appointmentD. worksD. competingD. pleaseD. competitionD. ahead ofD. successfulD. challengeD. Ride【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲由作者和别人比赛超车而引发对生活的的感悟。31 .【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他以较低的速度行驶，

9、所以我决定超越他。A. remind提醒；B. pass 通过;C. approach走近；D. follow跟随。由后文“passed him by”可知,作者想“超过他。故选B项。32 .【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我开始骑自行车越来越快。A. running跑步；B. driving驾驶；C. walking 步行；D. cycling骑自行车。由前文“riding a bike”可知,作者应是“骑自行车”越来越快。故选D项。33 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最后，我赶上了他，从他身边经过。A. caught up with赶上；B. put up with

10、忍受;C. kept with陪伴；D.came up with想出。由后文“ passed him by”可知，作者应是先“追上”然后 再超过。故选A项。34 .【答案】D【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我感觉自己像个胜利者，而他似乎不知道我们在比赛中。A. when当； B.as 随着；C. because 因为；D. while 然而（表对比）。由前文“felt like a winner和后文he seemed unaware” 可知，前后之间为对比关系。故选D项。35 .【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. test测试；B. project项目；C.race比赛

11、;D. task任务。 由后文“competing against him”可知，作者认为他们在“比赛”，然后他却没有意识到。故选C项。36 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我意识到我一直在全神贯注地与他比赛，以至于错 过了我的转弯，过了将近六个街区，不得不掉头。A. focused集中注意力；B. depended依赖；C. affected 受影响；D. impressed印象深刻。由后文“missed ”可知，作者如此“集中注意力”比赛以至于忘了转弯了。故 选A项。37 .【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. target目标;B.turn

12、转弯;C.block街区;D. appointment 预约。由后文“had gone nearly six blocks past it and had to turn around”可知,作者忘记转弯”了。故选 B 项。 38.【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这不是生活中发生的事吗？ happens发生；B.remains保留；C. offers 提供；D.works工作。由后文“trying to outdo them”可知，和别人比赛的事情也“发生”在我们生活中。故选 A项。39 .【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大部分时间都花在与邻居、朋友和家人竞争上，试图击

13、败他们， 或者试图在一开始没有竞争的时候胜过他们。A. celebrating庆祝；B. communicating交流；C. arguing争论； D. competing比赛，竞争。由后文“trying to outdo them”可知，我们在和他们“比赛”。故选D项。40 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A. encourage鼓励;B. help帮助;C.defeat击败；D. please 使满意。由后文“trying t。outdo them”可知，我们在努力“打败”或者胜过他们。故选C项。41 .【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把大部分时间和精

14、力用在比赛中，我们错过了自己通往目的地的 道路。A. college 学院;B. destination 目的地;C. business 商业；D. competition 竞赛。由前文“had gone nearly six blocks past it”可知，作者专注于比赛以至于忘了转弯，而我们在与别人比赛中也会忘记自己的“目的地工 故选B项。42 .【答案】D【解析】考查介词词义和短语辨析。句意：无论你做什么，总会有人走在你的前面；有更好的工作、一辆 好车和更多钱的人。A. next to紧挨着；B.behind后面；C.around在周围；D. ahead of前面。由后文someon

15、e with a better job, a nice car and more money.”可知，有人总会在你前面”，比你过得好。故选D项。43 .【答案】B【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以别再这样了！只是对生活给予你的东西感到感激。A. beautiful 美丽的；B. grateful 感激的；C. careful 细心的；D. successful 成功的。由后文“life has offered you”可知，我 们应该停止比赛，学会对生活充满“感激: 故选B项。44 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：专注于你的优势，过健康的生活。A. advantage优势；B.

16、 competitor 竞争对手；C. position位置；D. challenge挑战。由后文“live a healthy life”以及结合选项可知，我们应注重 发展自己的“优势”，过健康生活。故选A项。45 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：命运中没有竞争。跑自己的人生之路，祝他人一切顺利！ A. Live生活； B.Drive行驶;C. Run跑；D. Ride骑行。由后文“race of life”可知,我们应“跑”自己的人生之路。故选C 项。Close 4（2022湖北荆州中学模拟预测）Like many new graduates, I left universit

17、y full of hope for the future and wanted to make a 46 in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. Thats when I 47 the Lighthouse Project.I started my 48 as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be 49, an

18、d that I would be away from my family and friends for avery long time. 50,1 did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project 51,I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to 52 among the candidates and survive the test

19、alone. Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for 53, I would be going to a small village near Abuja, Nigeria.After completing my 54、I was sent to the village that was small and 55 in need of properaccommodation. Though the local villagers were poor, they 56 their homes,

20、 hearts, and food as if I were their own family. I was asked to lead a small team of local people in building a new schoolhouse. For the next year or so, I 57 in that same schoolhouse. But I sometimes thought I learned more from my 58 than they did from me.Sometime during that period, I realized tha

21、t all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longer did, though I did not 59 anywhere with the local language, and returned to the United States a different man. The Lighthouse Project had changed my 60 forever.46. A. fortuneB. differenceC. wishD. attempt47. A. launchedB. design

22、edC. knewD. undertook48. A. journeyB. studyC. occupationD. business49. A. adventurousB. briefC. dangerousD. tough50. A. In turnB. In rewardC. In honorD. In short51. A. seriouslyB. lightlyC. excitedlyD. carefully52. A. stick outB turn outC. stand outD. pick out53. A. dutyB. callC. applicationD. perfo

23、rmance54. A. project55. A. regularly56. A. offered57. A. studied58. A. villagers59. A. get60. A. characterB collegeB. desperatelyB. donatedB. survivedB. colleaguesB. approachB. experienceC. interviewC. hardlyC , compensatedC. supportedC. studentsC , wanderC. interestD. trainingD. helplesslyD. sponso

24、redD. taughtD. competitorsD. coverD. life【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者叙述了自己毕业后参加的灯塔计划，丰富了自己的人生经历，改变了 自己的生活。46 .【答案】B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：和许多应届毕业生一样，我离开大学时对未来充满希望，想要以某种 方式有所作为，但我不知道该如何做。A. fortune财富;B. difference不同；C.wish愿望;D.attempt尝试。 根据上文“I left university full of hope for the future”可知，作者毕业后，对未来充满希望，想有所作为。固 定短语mak

25、e a difference“有影响，有所作为“。故选B项。47 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:就是在那时，我了解到了灯塔计划。A. launched发动;B.designed设 计；C.knew 了解；D. undertook承担。根据上文内容可知，作者强调的是，就在自己毕业的时候，想做出 一番事业，当这个时候，了解了灯塔计划。故选C项。48 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我以灯塔计划志愿者的身份开始了我的旅程，我尽可能多地阅读了以 前志愿者的经历。A. journey旅程；B. study学习；C. occupation职业；D. business生意。根据下文

26、“and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time”可知,作者要离开家人和朋友一段时间，此 处指作者要以灯塔计划志愿者的身份开始了他的旅程。故选A项。49 .【答案】D【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这将会很艰难，我要离开我的家人和朋友很长一段时间。A. adventurous勇于冒险的；B. brief简短的；C. dangerous危险的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文“and that I would be away from my family and friends for a

27、very long time”可知，作者要离开家人和朋友很长一段时间，将独立 面对可能遇到的困难，这将是比较艰难的。故选D项。50 .【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：总之，我申请灯塔计划并不是轻率的决定。A. In turn反过来，转而;B.如reward作为报酬;C In honor纪念；D. In short总之。通读本段,尤其是结合下文“I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project 6.”可知，本段最后作者给出概括，in shor俨总之”用于句首作状语，起到总结作用。故选D项。51 .【答案】B【解

28、析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：总之，我申请灯塔计划并不是轻率的决定。A. seriously严肃地；B. lightly 轻率地；C. excitedly 兴奋地；D. carefully 仔细地。根据上文“by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers”可知，作者以“尽可能多地阅读以前志愿者的经历”开始了他的旅程，说明作者认真对 待这次志愿者活动，并不是草率地申请。故选B项。52 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在无数的面试和演讲之后，我设法脱颖而出，独自通过了考试。A. stic

29、k out 伸出；B. turn out 结果是;C. stand out脱颖而出；D. pick out挑选出。根据下文“Several months later, I finally received a call asking me to report for8.”可推知，他经过努力，在面试和试讲中脱颖而出。故选C项。53 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我终于接到了让我去报到的电话。A.duty上班；B.caD打 电话；C. application 申请；D. performance 表演。根据下文“I would be going to a small vill

30、age near Abuja, Nigeria.（我会去尼日利亚阿布贾附近的一个小村庄）”可推知，此处指接到了去报到的电话通知。固定搭配 report for duty“报到”。故选 A 项。54 .【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：培训结束后，我被送到一个迫切需要适当住宿的小村庄。A. project 项目；B. college 大学；C. interview 面试;D. training 培训 |。根据I was sent to the village”可知，作者作为 志愿者被派到当地，在开展工作之前，作者应是经历一个培训。故选D项。55 .【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意

31、：培训结束后，我被送到一个迫切需要适当住宿的小村庄。A. regularly 经常;B. desperately 极其；C. hardly 几乎不;D. helplessly 无助地。根据下文“Though the local villagers were poor”可知，当地村庄非常穷困，所以那里的居住环境不好，迫切需要住宿的地方。故选B项。56 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然当地村民很穷，但他们把自己的家、爱心和食物都奉献给我，就 像我是他们自己的家人一样。A. offered提供；B. donated捐赠；C. compensated赔偿；D. sponsored赞助。

32、 根据Though表达的让步语气及“as if I were their own family”可知，村民虽然很贫穷，却把作者当作家人一 样，给作者提供很多他们拥有的东西。故选A项。57 .【答案】D【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意:接下来的一年左右，我就在那一所学校里教书。A. studied学习；B. survived 生存；C. supported 支持；D. taught 教。根据下文“But I sometimes thought I learned more from my 13than they did from me.”可知，作者提到自己从学生身上学到了更多，所以此处指他在这所学

33、校教书。故选 D项。58 .【答案】C【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我有时认为我从我的学生学到的比他们从我这里学到的更多。A. villagers 村民；B. colleagues 同事；C. students 学生；D. competitors 竞争对手。根据“they did firomme”可知， 作者是老师，向老师学习的应是学生。故选C项。59 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那段时间的某个时候，我意识到所有那些对我来说似乎很奇怪或不 寻常的事情都不再如此了，尽管我由于语言的障碍没去任何地方，回到美国后我变成了另外一个人。A. get 到达；B. approach接

34、近；C. wander游荡；D. cover遮盖。结合上下文以及根据with the local language. 可知，作者由于语言的障碍没去任何地方。故选A项。60 .【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意；灯塔工程永远地改变了我的生活。A. character性格；B. experience经 验；C. interest 兴趣；D. life 生活。根据上文“Sometime during that period, I realized that all those things that had seemed so strange or unusual to me no longe

35、r did”可知，作者意识至U所有那些对他来说奇怪或不寻常的事情者E 不再发生了。由此可知，做灯塔工程志愿者改变了他的生活。故选D项。Close 5（2022山东日照三模） During a period of two months, the east coast of Florida was hit by three major hurricanes!When we 61 on the morning of September 5, my husband and I stood on the balcony （阳 台）and watched the still-powerful winds

36、break huge trees. 62、in the midst of these destructive winds, wespotted a flash of color in our 63, No more than ten feet from where we stood, a hummingbird （蜂鸟）64 and flew in front of us.This was the first time we had ever 65 a hummingbird in our yard or in Florida! Because they are rare, the 66of

37、a hummingbird in Brevard County, Florida, is almost a 67 in itself.Although I had been trying to plant all the right plants to 68 them, it took a hurricane for me to69 attract them to my yard and to really observe them closely. Almost every day since the hurricanes, I have had the 70 of observing th

38、e visiting hummingbirds. With a feeder right outside my office window, I get a daily birds 71.The hurricane season affected me in a very 72 way. Every time I see the hummingbirds, I am73 of the many blessings that nature holds for us: messages of beauty, strength, and determination. But perhaps the

39、greatest 74 is that wonders are out there waiting to pay us a visit. We just need to keep75seeds of beauty and faith, and we need to keep an eye out for the wonders!61. A. woke upB. stood upC. looked upD. turned up62. A. GenerallyB. GraduallyC. NormallyD. Suddenly63. A. gardenB roomC. balconyD. offi

40、ce64. A. droppedB. appearedC. remainedD. landed65. A. heardB. drawnC. seenD. caught66. A. colorB. nameC. shapeD. sight67. A. symbolB. conceptC. beliefD wonder68. A. attractB. feedC. driveD. impress69. A. formallyB. finallyC. regularlyD. constantly70. A. taskB. joyC hopeD. plan71. A. trackB. mindC. v

41、iewD shadowA. commonB. casualC , strangeD. positiveA. informedB. warnedC. remindedD. curedA , messageB. hobbyC. subjectD. chanceA buyingB. changingC. receivingD. planting【导语】本文为一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者一直在自家院子里试图种植所有合适的植物来吸引当地 罕见的蜂鸟，终于在一次飓风来袭后，蜂鸟出现了。蜂鸟的到来带给作者“美丽，力量和决心的启示，但 是，最大的启示是：奇迹在那里等待着来拜访我们。61 .【答案】A【解析】

42、考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们在9月5日早上醒来时，我和丈夫站在阳台上，看着仍然强大 的风折断了参天大树。A. woke up醒来；B.stood up站起来；C.looked up抬头看；D. turned up出现。根据 时间on the morning of September 5,早上醒来,woke up符合语境。故选A项。62 .【答案】D【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，在这阵阵破坏性的风中，我们在我们的花园里发现了一抹色彩。 A. Generally 一般地；B. Gradually 逐渐地；C. Normally 通常地；D. Suddenly 突然。根据下文“No mor

43、e than ten feet from where we stood, a hummingbird （蜂鸟）4 and flew in front of us.（离我们站立的地方不到十英尺，一只蜂鸟出现了，并在我们面前飞着。户可知，飓风天气看见一抹蜂鸟的颜色，很是突 然。故选D项。63 .【答案】A【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，在这阵阵破坏性的风中，我们在我们的花园里发现了一抹色彩。 A. garden花园；B. room房间；C.balcony阳台；D. office办公室。根据语境，作者早上醒来后，站在阳台 上看外面飓风肆虐，这时飞来一只蜂鸟，因此，蜂鸟出现在阳台外的花园，gar

44、den比较符合语境。故选A 项。64 .【答案】B【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：离我们站立的地方不到十英尺，一只蜂鸟出现了，并在我们面前飞着。 A. dropped 掉落；B. appeared 出现；C. remained 依然；D. landed 降落。根据上文“we spotted a flash of color in our 3.（我们在我们的花园里发现了一抹色彩。广，下文“and flew in front of us”可知，飓风中，花园里此时出现一只蜂鸟。appeared符合语境，故选B项。65 .【答案】C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我们第一次在我们的院子里或着佛罗里

45、达州，看到蜂鸟！ A. heard 听至lj； B. drawn 画；C. seen 看至！J； D. caught 抓住。下文“Because they are rare, the 6 of a hummingbird in Brevard County, Florida, is almost a 7 in itself.（因为它们很罕见，所以在佛罗里达州布里瓦德县，看见蜂鸟本身几乎是一个奇迹。户可知，蜂鸟在佛罗里达州实属罕见，seen符合语境。 故选C项。66 .【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为它们很罕见，所以在佛罗里达州布里瓦德县，看见蜂鸟本身几乎是一个奇迹。A. colo

46、r 颜色；B. name 姓名；C. shape 形状；D. sight 观看。上文“This was the first time we had ever 5 a hummingbird in our yard - or in Florida!（这是我们第一次在我们的院子里或着佛罗里达州，看到蜂鸟！厂可知，作者第一次在佛罗里达州，而且是自家院子里看见了蜂鸟，sight符合语 境。故选D项。67 .【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为它们很罕见，所以在佛罗里达州布里瓦德县，看见蜂鸟本身几乎 是一个奇迹。A. symbol符号；B. concept概念；C.belief信念；D. wo

47、nder奇迹。根据剧中的rare可知，蜂 鸟在这里很罕见，所以看见蜂鸟是个奇迹。故选D项。68 .【答案】A【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直试图种植所有合适的植物来吸引它们，但经过一场飓风， 我才最终将它们吸引到我的院子里，并真正仔细观察它们。A. attract吸引;B.feed喂养；C. drive驱动; D. impress 使印象深刻。根据后半句it took a hurricane fbr me to 9 attract them to myyard.（经过一场飓风，我才最终将它们吸引到我的院子里广可知，作者以前也试图“吸弓I”蜂鸟到院子里来， attract符合语境。故选A项。69 .【答案】B【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然我一直试图种植所有合适的植物来吸引它们，但经过一场飓风， 我才最终将它们吸引到我的院子里，并真正仔细观察它们。A. formally正式；B. finally最后；C. regularly 定期；D. constantly不断。根据语境，作者的院子里有各种合适蜂鸟食用的植物，在飓风之后，总算派上 了用场，吸引蜂鸟来觅食。finall