2022-2023学年河南省豫北名校普高联考高三(上)测评英语试卷(一)(附答案详解).docx
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1、20222023学年河南省豫北名校普高联考高三(上)测评英语试卷(一)ATips on traveling in AmericaDont overbook.If you only have two or three weeks in the US, don*t try to hit every major attraction in the country.Youcant, and youll exhaust yourself.Ifs a better idea to plan a trip in one or two regions of the country, basedon your
2、personal interests.Go southern California or Florida if you love theme parks, the East Coast comdor (Boston, Philadelphia, NYC, Washington DC) for history and museums or Hawaii for beaches, volcanoes and surfing.If you love the outdoors, try the national and state parks in Wyoming, Montana, Colorado
3、, or Oregon.Dont settle for bad food.There is amazing food in the US ; you just have to seek it out.Please dont eat fast food for your entire visitand then complain that the food was bad!Most major cities, states and regions have their own food specialties , such as lobster in Maine, New Yorkstyle p
4、izza in NYC, deep-dish pizza in Chicago or Tex -Mex in Texas and the southwest.You can also trybarbecue in Memphis, or grilled salmon in the Pacific Northwest.Dont count on speaking any language besides English.Most Americans only speak English and will expect you to do the same.If you go to a docto
5、r or hospital, they can call an interpreter for you, but otherwise you need to speak English fluently to get around.You could probably manage with just Spanish if you are visiting the southwest, but keep in mind that it will be a Mexican/Latin American dialectics best to brush up on your English ski
6、lls before your visit.1. For tourists who enjoy visiting national parks, which states are they advised to go to? A. Florida.B. Colorado.C. Hawaii.D.Boston.2. If you are traveling in Texas, what food might be recommended?A. Grilled salmon.B. Peach pie.C. Barbecue.D.Tex-Mex.3. Where does thetext most
7、probablycome from? A. A novel.B. A textbook.C. An ad.D. A travel brochure.答案和解析13.【答案】B、D、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据Dont overbook.部分第二段If you love the outdoors,try the national and state parks in Wyoming, Montana, Colorado, or Oregon.(如果你喜欢户夕卜活动, 可以去怀俄明、蒙大拿、科罗拉多或俄勒冈州的国家公园和州立公园。)可知对于喜欢参观国家 公园的游客,建议他们去科罗拉多州。故选B
8、。(2)细节理解题。根据部分 Most major cities, states and regions have their own food specialties , such as lobster in Maine, New York style pizza in NYC, deep-dish pizza in Chicago or Tex -Mex in Texas and the southwest.(大多数主要的城市、州和地区都有自己的特色食物,比如缅因州的龙虾,纽 约的纽约式披萨,芝加哥的深盘披萨,德克萨斯州和西南部的Tex-Mex披萨。)可知如果你在 德克萨斯州旅行,你会推荐
9、的食物是Tex-Mex披萨。故选D。(3)文章出处题。阅读全文以及根据标题Tips on traveling in America (美国旅游小贴士)可知本 文主要介绍了几个美国旅游小贴士,所以会出现在旅游小册子中。故选D。本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了几个美国旅游小贴士。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。47.【答案】A、C、C、B【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段中的At a young
10、 age,Hughes showed an interest in inventing things.At the age of eleven he made a radio transmitter (无线电 发射机)out of an electric doorbell,and a year later he made a self-starting motor for his bicycle.At the age of fourteen he made his first airpl ane flight.(在年轻的时候,休斯就表现出对发明的兴趣。11岁时,他用一个电动门铃制作了一个 无线
11、电发射器,一年后,他为自己的自行车制作了一个自启动马达。14岁时,他进行了第一次飞 机飞行。)可知,Howard Hughes有高度创新的头脑。故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据第三段中的 Hughes left school to take control of the company,using its profits to finance a variety of projects.In 1924 Hughes entered the film industry and produced s uch films as the box-office hits Helfs Angels (193
12、0) , Scarface (1932) and The Outlaw (1943).(休斯离开了学校,接管了公司,用公司的利润资助了各种项目。1924年,休斯进入电影业,并 制作了票房大片地狱天使(1930)、疤面煞星(1932)和亡命之徒(1943)。)可 知,B.Hughes took over his familys company. (Hughes 接管了他家族的公司)发生在 1924 年之前; C.Hughes produced the movie The Outlaw. (Hughes 制作 了电影亡命之徒)发生在 1943 年;根 据第四段中的如1928 Hughes obta
13、ined a pilots license. (1928年,休斯获得了飞行员执照。)以及 His interest in aviation (航空)led him to found the Hughes Aircraft Company in 1932.(他对航空的 兴趣促使他在1932年成立了休斯飞机公司。)可知,A.Hughes got a pilots license. (Hughes拿到 了 飞行员执照)发生在 1928 年;D.Hughes created his own aircraft company. (Hughes 创建了 自己的 飞机公司)发生在 1932 年。综上可知,C
14、.Hughes produced the movie The Outlaw. (Hughes 制作了 电影亡命之徒)是最新事件。故选C。(3)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的The Spruce Goose1 flew only once for one mile and 70 feet above the water (Spruce Goose”只在水面 上飞行了一英里70英尺。)可知,它未能完成任务。故选C。(4)写作意图题。通读文章可知,全文介绍了钢铁侠的原型,美国著名发明家、大富翁Howard Hughes的一生。因此可以判断,作者的目的就是简要介绍Howard Hughes。故选B。本
15、文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了钢铁侠的原型,美国著名发明家、大富翁Howard Hughes的一生。 阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对 未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事 例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。811 .【答案】A、A、B、D解析(1)细节理解题。根据第二段 Start with the not-all-competent drivers,who contribute to the citys terrible record on road safet
16、y.Traffic in Cairo is made worse when they stop t o pick up and drop off passengers.The minibuses, which run on cheap diesel (柴油),give off poisonous gas into the air.For the government they are an embarrassment,a loud reminder of its failure to provide enough public transport.That helps explain why
17、officials said tha t minibuses would be banned.(从不完全胜任的司机开始,他们造成了这个城市糟糕的道路安全记 录。当他们停下来让乘客上下车时,开罗的交通变得更糟。使用廉价柴油的小型公共汽车会向空 气中排放有毒气体。对于政府来说,这是一个尴尬,一个响亮的提醒,它未能提供足够的公共交 通。这有助于解释为什么官员们说小型公共汽车将被禁止。)可知第二段分析了开罗人不大喜欢 小巴士的原因:司机不称职,不遵守交通规则;靠柴油提供动力,污染空气。故选A。(2)词义猜测题。根据第四段 The government has built satellite citie
18、s around the capital, most of which are connected to Cairo via the ring road.But until recently there was little public transport between them (政府在首都周围建立了卫星城,其中大部分通过环路与开罗相连。但是直到最近, 他们之间几乎没有公共交通)可知因开罗周边城市之间缺乏有效的公共交通工具连接,所以小巴 士填补了这一需求。A.Satisfy the needs.满足需求;B.Make it difficult.让它变得困难; C.Connect the
19、roads.连接道路;D.Bridge the differences,弥合分歧。故选 A。(3)推理判断题。根据最后一段Experts propose waiting until more of the new public-transport system is in place.(专家建议等至U更多 新的公共交通系统到位。)可知专家同意:应该推迟对小型公共汽车的禁令。故选B。(4)标题归纳题。文中通过开罗小巴士存在的历史成因以及现状探讨了小巴士是否应该被禁止。 HlhL D.Should minibuses be banned in Cairo?(开罗应该禁止小巴吗?)符合题意。故选D。
20、本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了埃及的首都开罗普遍存在的小巴士。对于小巴士,开罗人又爱又 恨。作者通过介绍开罗的交通情况分析小巴士出现的原因以及存在的必要性。一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在 十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺 序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。二、看题干,带着问题读文章。首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对 文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。
21、 其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息 进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系, 研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖 掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer, imply, suggest, indicate 等。四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量, 掌握或认识较
22、多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”,通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因 果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。1215.【答案】A、D、A、C【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段As the planet cooled and contracted (收缩),its surface had many long curved ridges (山脊)similar to the wrinkles on a bad apple.(随着行星的 冷却和收缩,它的表面有许多长而弯曲的脊,类似于坏苹果上的皱纹。)可知作者是用类比的方 法来解释这种现象。A.By making a comparison.通过比较
23、;B.By providing some figures.通过提供一 些数字;C.By describing the process.通过描述过程;D.By following the order of time.按照时间的顺 序。故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据第二段 It may also finally settle the differences between theoretical scientists, who had predicted a lot of shrinkage,with observers who had not found evidence of that - u
24、ntil now. nWe are resolving a four -decade old arg ument here, “Byrne added.(这也可能最终解决理论科学家和观察者之间的分歧,理论科学家预测 了大量的收缩,而观察者直到现在还没有找到证据。”我们正在解决一个长达40年的争论,”伯恩 补充道。)可知伯恩大概认为新发现的发现有助于解决理论科学家和观察者之间的争论。故选D。(3)细节理解题。根据第四段That shrinkage is a product of Mercurys strange structure - like a core floating through s
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