电信运营商通信网络架构培训.ppt

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1、电电信信运运营营商商通信通信网网络络概概览览6/2/20161前世、前世、今今生与演生与演进进目目录录 全全业业务务通信通信网网络络架架构构 无无线线接接入入网网络络（移移动动通通信网信网络络）有有线线接接入网入网络络（固（固网网语语音音宽带宽带）传传送送网网（传传输输网网）I IP P宽宽带带数据数据网网（IPIP数据承数据承载载网网）网网管管系系统统（O OS SS S）Q Q&A&A6/2/20162电电信运信运营营商全商全业务业务通信网通信网络络架构架构（IPIP化）化）6/2/20163FixeFixed d anand d MoMob bilile e accesseaccesse

2、s s integrateintegrated d f fo or r maximamaximal l seser rvicevicemobilitmobility y anand d optimizeoptimized d nenet tworwork k useuseWiMaxWiMaxM Mobobi il le e AcAcc cesess s H HSPSPA AL LT TE EF Fixixeded W Wirire elelessss A Ac cc cesess sAccessAccess接入网接入网F Fixixeded A Acccce es ss sG GPOPON N

3、F Fixixeded L Linine ex xDSDSL LW WLALAN N6/2/20164Intelligent multi-access edge providing mobility and QoSMultMulti i AccesAccess s EdgEdge e多多业务业务接入接入边缘边缘IPIPs sesess sioion n c co ontntr ro ol lE Edgdge e R Rouout tining gP Pololi ic cy yC Conont trorol lD Deeeep p-p-pa ackcket et i insnsp pecect

4、 tioion nS Sececu uriritytyM Mededia ia G Gatati in ng gM Mobobi ililitytyC Chahar rgiging ng C Conont trorol lA Acccce es ss s i intnte erwrwo orkrki in ng gQ Qo oS S e enfnfo orcrce emementntS Sububs scrcri ibeber r A Ac ccecess ss M Manana agegem menent t6/2/20165Reachability for end-to-end conne

5、ctivityStandarStandard d Services/IMServices/IMS S 核心网核心网电电信网信网 络络业务业务控制控制M Mulult timime edidia as sesess sioion n c co ontntr ro ol lA Aututh henent ticica atitiononS Sofoft tswswi itctch hI Ideden nt ty ym manana agegem menent tP Pusush h t to o t talalk kM Mulult timime edidia a t telele ephpho

6、on ny yM Mesess sagagi in ng gP Preres senenceceIPIP a addddr resess sa allllo ocacat tioion n6/2/20166Part of Operators Multimedia OfferingServicService e LayerLayer业务业务网网I IPTPTV VM Mobobi il le e T TV V3 3r rd d papar rt ty y s sererv vicicesesC Cusust tomomi izezed d a appppl licica atitio on ns

7、 sH HDTDTV V V VO OD DV VoIoIP PA Advdve ertrti isisingngM Mididd dlelew warare e6/2/20167Cost per Bit Optimization with Common TransportTransporTransport t (Optica(Optical l anand d IP/EtherneIP/Ethernet t)传输传输+I+IP P承承载载网网C Cararr rieier r E Et theher rnenet tN Nexext tGeGen n S SD DH HC CWDWDM/M/

8、D DWDWDM MO OT TN NM Micicr rowowa av ve eP PT TN NM Mulult ticica as st tR Rouout tining gV VP PN N6/2/20168Integrated Network and Element Mgmt SystemsEnEnd d t to o EnEnd d ManagemenManagement t网网络络管理系管理系统统R Repepo ortrti in ng gF Fauaultlt M Mg gm mI Invnve entnto or ry y M Mg gm mT Trorou ublble

9、 e M Mg gm mP Pererf fororm manance ce MgmMgmS Sererv vicice e M Ma ananag gememe en nt tN Netetw worork k M Ma ananag gememe en nt t6/2/201696/2/201610ProtocoProtocol l StackStacks s -OSOSI I&TCP/IPTCP/IPOSOSI I StackStackTCP/IPTCP/IPApplicationApplicationPresentationPresentationSessionSessionTrans

10、portTransportNetworkNetworkLinkLinkPhysicalPhysicalApplAppli icacat tioion n(HT(HTT TP P,FTP,Telnet)FTP,Telnet)TCP/UDPTCP/UDPIPIPNetNetw worork k a ac ccescess slayerlayer网网络络接入接入层层最常用的二最常用的二层层技技术为术为以太网以太网IEEIEEE E 802.x802.x1.1.I In nt te er rn ne et tw wo or rk ki in ng g2.2.L Lo og gi ic ca al Ll

11、 Li ink nk C Co on nt tr rol ol(L LL LC)C)3.3.C CS SMAMA C CD D4.4.T To ok ke en Bn Bu us s5.5.T To ok ke en Rn Ri ingng6.6.M Me et tr ro op po ol li it tan an A Ar re ea Na Ne et tw wo or rksks6/2/2016117.7.B Br ro oa ad db ba an nd Td Te ech ch A Ad dv vi is so or ry Gy Gr ro ou up p8.8.F Fi ib be

12、 er Or Op pt ti ic Tc Te ech ch A Ad dv vi is so or ry Gy Gr ro ou up p9.9.I In nt te eg gr ra at ted ed V Vo oi ic ce e&D Da at ta Na Ne et tw wo or rksks10.10.N Ne et tw wo ork rk S Se ec cu ur ri it ty y11.11.W Wi ir re el le es ss Ns Ne et tw wo or rksks12.12.D De em ma an nd Pd Pr ri io or ri i

13、ty ty A Ac cc ce es ss Ls LA AN N s sIEEIEEE E 80802 2.2 2IEEIEEE E 80802 2.3 3IEEIEEE E 80802 2.4 4 IEEIEEE E 80802 2.5 5IEEIEEE E 80802 2.6 6UpperUpperTranTrans spoportrtInteInter rnenet tLinkLinkPhysPhysi icacal lWhaWhat t i is s highigh h availabilitavailability y ininTelecoTelecom m networknetw

14、ork?-99.999%-99.999%DPMDefects per Million“High Availability”6/2/201612AvailabilityDPMDowntime Per Year(24x365)99.000%100003 Days15 Hours36 Minutes99.500%50001 Day19 Hours48 Minutes99.900%10008 Hours46 Minutes99.950%5004 Hours23 Minutes99.990%10053 Minutes99.999%105 Minutes99.9999%130 Seconds电电信网信网络

15、对络对同步有同步有严严格要格要求求(3G(3G为为例）例）（信号（信号传输传输与与计费计费）IubCNRNCNode BUEIuUu网网络络同步同步节节点同步点同步帧帧同步同步无无线线接接口口同步同步6/2/201613频频率同步和率同步和时间时间同步的区同步的区别别时间时间同同步步：两个表每：两个表每时时每刻的每刻的时间时间都保持一致都保持一致;频频率同步：两个表的率同步：两个表的时间时间不一不一样样，保持一个恒定的差，保持一个恒定的差6/2/201614RANRAN对对同步的需求同步的需求GSM/WCDMA采用异步基站技术，此时只需要做频率同步，精度要求0.05ppm（或者50ppb）TD

16、-SCDMA/CDMA2000采用同步基站技术，除了频率同步外，还需做时钟相位同步（等效于时间同步），目前主要采用基站GPS解决6/2/201615无线制式时钟频率精度要求时钟相位同步要求GSM0.05ppmNAWCDMA0.05ppmNATD-SCDMA0.05ppm 1.5usCDMA20000.05ppm1.5usWiMax FDD0.05ppmNAWiMax TDD0.05ppm1usLTE-TDD0.05ppm0.04usLTE-FDD0.05ppm4us目目录录 全全业业务务通信通信网网络络架架构构 无无线线接入接入网网络络（移移动动通通信信网网络络）有有线线接接入网入网络络（固（

17、固网网语语音音宽带宽带）传传送送网网（传传输输网网）I IP P宽宽带带数据数据网网（IPIP数据承数据承载载网网）网网管管系系统统（O OS SS S）Q Q&A&A6/2/201616WirelesWireless s AccessAccess6/2/2016176/2/201618ThThe e MaiMain n CellulaCellular r StandardStandards s (1/2)(1/2)YearStandardMobile Telephone SystemTech-nologyPrimary Markets1981NMT 450Nordic Mobile Tele

18、phonyAnalogueEurope,Middle East1985TACSTotal Access Communication SystemAnalogueEurope and China1986NMT 900Nordic Mobile TelephonyAnalogueEurope,Middle East1991GSMGlobal System for Mobile communicationDigitalWorld-wide1991TDMA(D-AMPS)(IS136)Time Division Multiple Access(Digital-AMPS)DigitalNorth and

19、 South America1993CdmaOne(IS95)Codedivisionmultipleaccess OneDigitalN.America,Korea1992GSM 1800Global System for Mobile communicationDigitalEurope1994PDCPersonal Digital CellularDigitalJapan1995PCS 1900Personal Communication ServicesDigitalNorth AmericaThThe e MaiMain n CellulaCellular r StandardSta

20、ndards s (2/2)(2/2)YearStandardMobile Telephone SystemTechno-logyPrimary Market1999UMTS R99UMTSDigitalWorldwide2000GPRSGPRSDigitalWorldwide2001EDGEEDGEDigitalWorldwide2001GSM 800GSMDigitalNorth America2002HSDPA(R5)UMTSDigitalWorldwide2004HSPAUMTSDigitalWorldwide2006GSM 450Global System for Mobile Co

21、mmunicationDigitalWorldwide It can be used as fallback solution for GSM 800/900/1800/19002007HSPA EvolvedUMTSDigitalWorldwide2008LTEUMTSDigitalWorldwide6/2/2016202G-2G-G GSMSM(GloGlobalbal SySystste em m f foror MobMobilile e)WireWirel le es ss s A Ac cc cesess s6/2/201621GSGSM M Recommendations(ETS

22、I)Recommendations(ETSI)SeriesContent01General02Service aspects03Network aspects04MS-BSS interface and protocol05Physical layer on the radio path06Speech coding specification07Terminal adaptor for MS08BSS-MSC interface09Network interworking10Service interworking11Equipment and type approval specifica

23、tions12Operation and maintenanceGSGSM M NetworNetwork k SysteSystem m ModeModeSGSNGGSNGMSCPSTN ISDN PLMNRBSsSDHNetworkIP BackboneOSSPCUBSC/TRCSTM/TDMBasedTransit NetworkHLRAuCEIRMMS MPSFNR ILRSDPSCPBGWSOGInternet IntranetMSC/VLR6/2/201622RangeRanges s fofor r DifferenDifferent t TypeTypes s o of f M

24、SMS6/2/201623A A CellCell小区小区CellCell6/2/201624MSMSC C ServicService e AreaAreacell 6cell 1 cell 5cell 4 cell 2 cell 3MSCLA16/2/201625LA3LA5LA4VLRRelatioRelation n BetweeBetween n AreaAreas s i in n GSMGSMGSGSM M SeSer rvicvice e AreArea aPLMPLMN N S Se ervicrvice e AreArea a(on(one e p pe er r opop

25、e eratorrator)MSMSC C SeSer rvicvice e AreArea a LocatiLocatio on n ArAre ea a CellCell6/2/201626LEGENDMSC BoundaryBSC Boundary PCM Links Base StationPSTNPSTNMSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 2 2MSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 1 1MSC/VLRMSC/VLR 2 2BSCBSC 1C1CBSCBSC 2B2BBSCBSC 1A1ABSCBSC 2A2ABSCBSC 2C2CB

26、SCBSC 1B1BHLRHLREIREIRAUCAUCGMSCGMSCMSC/VLRMSC/VLR 1 1NetworNetwork k HardwarHardware e ExamplExample e ViewView6/2/201627NetwNetwo or rk k LoLog gi icacal l E Ex xamplample e Vie View wLALA 1-B1-BLALA 1-A1-ALALA 2-D2-DLALA 2-A2-ACellCell 2-A-252-A-25LALA 2-B2-BLEGENDMSC Boundary BSC Boundary PCM Li

27、nks Base StationLALA 2-C2-CHLRHLRMSC/VLMSC/VLR 1R 1MSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 2 2MSCMSC ServiceService AreaArea 1 1MSC/VLRMSC/VLR 2 26/2/201628RoamingRoaming漫游漫游MSC/VLRMSC/VLRLA 1LA 2HPLMNHPLMN6/2/201629VPLMNVPLMNUplinUplink k anand d DownlinDownlink k o on n a a RadiRadio o ChannelChannelUPLINK

28、6/2/201630DOWNLINK双工的通信模式双工的通信模式FDD/TDDFDD/TDD F FD DD D的的双双向向通通道道，是两个频段，所以叫做频频分分双双工工，FDD模式的特点是 上下行频率分离在两个对称频率信道上，系统进行接收和传送，用保 护频段来分离接收和传送信道。T TD DD D的双向的双向通通道道在同一个频点上，但一个时段接收，下一个时段发出，所以叫做时时分分双双工工，速度越快，衰落变换频率越高，衰落深度越深，因此必须要求移动速度不能太高。6/2/201631GSGSM M FDFDD D DupleDuplex x DistanceDistanceMHz 890Dupl

29、ex Distance(45 MHz)960915935Bandwidth(2 x 25 MHz)6/2/201632UplinkDownlinkGSGSM M FrequencFrequency y BandsBandsGSM 450GSM 450(450.4 457.6 and 460.4-467.6),Totally7 MHz(478.8 486.0 and488.8 496.0)Nottargeted at this timeGSM 800GSM 800(824-849 and 869-894),Totally 25 MHzGHzGHzGSM 900GSM 1800GSM 1900GS

30、M8000.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0E-bandGSM 450(P-P-)G GSMSM 9 90 00 0(890-915 and 935-960),Totally 25 MHzE E-G-GSMSM 9 90 00 0(880-915 and 925-960),Totally 35 MHzG GS SM M 18180000(1710-1785 and 1805-1880),Totally75 MHzG GS SM M 19190000(1850-1910 and 1930-1990),Total3l3y60 MHz

31、6/2/2016CarrieCarrier r SeparationSeparationCarrier Separation(200 KHz)895.4895.6MHz6/2/201634TDMTDMA A AccesAccess s methomethod d&ChanneChannel l conceptconceptCarrier FrequencyTDMA Frame555nn+1n+2n+xPhysical ChannelLogical ChannelTCHTCHFACCHTCH5TDMA Frame nTDMA Frame n+1TDMA Frame n+2TDMA Frame n

32、+x6/2/2016350 1 2 3 4 5 6 7012345670123456701234567012345676/2/2016363 3G G W Wi ir releseless s Acce Accessss6/2/2016373 3GPPGPP S Sp pe ecicif fi ic ca at tionion C Co od deses (G GSMSM&3 3G G)Subject of specification series3G/GSM R99and laterRequirements21 seriesService aspects22 seriesTechnical

33、realization23 seriesSignaling protocols24 seriesRadio aspects25 seriesCODEC26 seriesSignaling protocols28 seriesO&M32 seriesSecurity Aspects33 seriesUE and U(SIM)test Specification34 seriesSecurity Algorithms35 seriesLTE radio Technology36 seriesThThe e evolutioevolution n o of f mobilmobile e syste

34、msystemAMPSTACSNMTothers1G80sAnalog2G 90sDigitalDemand Demand drivingdrivingGSMGSMCDMA CDMA IS95IS95TDMATDMAIS-136IS-136PDCPDC3G IMT-2000WCDMAWCDMACDMA CDMA 20002000Demand Demand drivingdrivingTD-SCDMATD-SCDMAAnalogDigitalVoice/dataWideband6/2/201638MobilMobile e AccesAccess s TechnologTechnology y

35、EvolutionEvolution6/2/201639MultiplMultiple e AccesAccess s ApproachesApproachesF Frequency D Division M Multiple A AccessEach User has a unique frequencyfrequency(1 voice channel per user)All users transmit at the same timeAMPS,AMPS,NMT,NMT,TACSTACSUser 1User 2User 3FreFreq queuen nc cy yEach Trans

36、mitter has a unique ScramblingScrambling CodeCodeEach Data Channel has a unique ChannelizationChannelization codecodeMany users share the same frequencyand timeIS-95,IS-95,cdma2000,cdma2000,WCDMAWCDMAFreFreq queuen nc cy yC Code D Division M Multiple A AccessS Spread S Spectrum M Multiple A AccessMu

37、ltiple Multiple TransmittersTransmittersand and MultipleMultiple DataDataChannelsChannelsEach User has a unique timetime slotslotEach Data Channel has a uniquepositioposition n withiwithin n ththe e timtime e slotslotSeveral users share the same frequencyIS-136,IS-136,GSM,GSM,PDCPDCT Time D Division

38、 M Multiple A AccessUser User User123User NTimeTime6/2/2016406/2/2016413G3G的三大主流技的三大主流技术标术标准比准比较较WCDMATD-SCDMACDMA2000载频间载频间隔隔5M1.6M1.25M码码片速率片速率3.84Mc/s1.28Mc/s1.228Mc/s双工方式双工方式FDDTDDFDD无无线帧长线帧长10ms10ms(子子帧帧5ms)20ms信道信道编码编码卷卷积码积码、Turbo码码卷卷积码积码、Turbo码码卷卷积码积码、Turbo码码调调制方式制方式QPSKQPSKQPSK功率控制功率控制开开环结环结

39、合快合快速速闭环闭环开开环结环结合合闭环闭环开开环结环结合快合快速速闭环闭环切切换换软软切切换换、硬、硬切切换换接力切接力切换换、硬硬切切换换软软切切换换、硬、硬切切换换功控功控频频率率1500次次/s200次次/s800次次/s基站同步基站同步同同步步/异步异步同步同步同步同步RBSRNCRNCTEMSCore NetworkIubIubRBSRBSRadio AccessNetworkIubIubIuIuIurIurUuUuRXIOSS-RCMubMubMutMutMurMurMunMunOther Management SystemsMunMunNetwork Management En

40、vironmentRNCRadio Network Controller RBSRadio Base StationOSSOperation Support System Radio Core TEMSTEMS Optimization SolutionRXIRadio Access Network AggregatorUEUuUuWCDMWCDMA A RARAN N OverviewOverview6/2/201642无无线线信号信号传输传输中的多径效中的多径效应应RayleigRayleigh h FadingFading6/2/201643ThThe e RAKRAKE E Recei

41、verReceiverC C O O M M B BI IN N E E R RSearcherFinger Power measurements of neighbouring RBSSum of individualmultipath componentsFinger#1Finger#2Finger#3Finger#NBuffer/dela yCorrelator s6/2/201644012210WCDMWCDMA A CapacitCapacity y ManagementManagement AdmissioAdmission n ControlControlCelCell l Lo

42、LoadadAdmiAdmis ssisiononlimitlimitR RBSBS6/2/201645WCDMWCDMA A CapacitCapacity y ManagemenManagement tCongestioCongestion n ControlControlCongConge eststi io on n limitlimitCelCell l LoLoadadR RBSBS6/2/201646WCDMWCDMA A HandoverHandoverSoftHardNo shift in frequencyConnected to both base stations at

43、 same timeNo break in connectionShift in frequencyCant simultaneously connect to both RBSsBreak in connection6/2/201647S Sofoft t/S Sofoft terer H Ha an nd dovove er rSofter Handover,Sector-to-sectorSoft handover,cell-to-cell6/2/201648HSPHSPA A EvolutionEvolutionU Up pl li inknk20-40 MbpsMulti Carri

44、er12 Mbps16QAM5.8 Mbps2 ms TTI1.4 Mbps0.4 MbpsD Do ow wn nl li inknk3.6 Mbps15 codes14 Mbps21 Mbps28 MbpsMulti Carrier42 MbpsMulti Carrier 64QAM+MIMOHigher Modulation Combinations80-160 Mbps2x2 MIMO64QAM6/2/201649I IS-S-9 95 5A AVoiceLow speed dataI IS-S-9 95 5B BVoice Medium Speed Datac cdmdma a202

45、00000 1X1XVoice Capacity Higher Speed Data Introduction of PCNc cdmdma a20200000 1 1xExEv vD Do o PhPha as se e 1 1Data Optimized Dedicated-data carrier(overlay)c cdmdma a202000 00 1 1xExEv vD Dv v P Phahasese 2 2 Voice&Data CapacityMulti-serviceAdvancedAdvanced MACMACVoiceVoice capacitycapacity dou

46、bles doubles realreal timetime applicationsapplicationsAllAll inin one-carrierone-carrierMACMAC supportsupportVoiceVoice CapacityCapacity doubles doubles 2x2x batterybattery lifelifePacketPacket datadata144144 kbpskbps -153153 kbpskbpsPerformancePerformance enhancementsenhancements&accessaccess robu

47、stnessrobustnessPacketPacket DataData withwith 6464 kbpskbpsCircuitCircuit&PacketPacket Data Data 9.6/14.49.6/14.4 kbpskbpsUpUp toto 2 2 MbpsMbps data data rateratenon-realnon-real time time applicationsapplications2 2 (1.25(1.25 MHz)MHz)carrierscarriersrequirementrequirementcdmaOnecdmaOne EvolutioE

48、volution n t to o 3 3G G (cdma200(cdma2000 0)19961997|-19981999 20002001 200220032004Implementations-|-Planned Implementations-|TD-SCDMTD-SCDMA A StandarStandard d HistoryHistoryTD-SCDMATD-SCDMA提交到提交到ITUITUTD-SCDMATD-SCDMA在在3GPP3GPP融合融合98/0698/0699/99/1 12 200/0500/0501/0301/03ITUITU正式通正式通过过3G3G标标准准

49、TD-SCDMATD-SCDMA写入写入3GP3GPP PR4R46/2/201651TDTDD D spectruspectrum m i in n ChinaChina:15155 5 M M6060 M MHzHz3030M MH Hz zFDFDD DTDDTDD1 10 00 0 M MH Hz z1515M MH Hz z4040M MH Hz z1 15 55 5M MHzHz178517851850185017551755188018801920192019801980 20102010 20252025211021102170217022002200 230023002400

50、2400E EmpmptytyYear 2002,MII allocate 155M for TD-SCDMA6/2/201652Based on TDMA/TDD principle.Employs a single carrier to both send and receive traffic to optimize the use of radio resourcesTD-SCDMTD-SCDMA A KeKey y TechniqueTechniqueU上行上行D下行下行未未使使用用TDDTDD技技术术智能天智能天线线同步技同步技术术动态动态信道分配信道分配联联合合检测检测接力切接力