2019八年级英语下册 Unit 6 Enjoying Cycling词汇精讲精练2 （新版）仁爱版.doc

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1、1UnitUnit 6 6 EnjoyingEnjoying CyclingCycling词汇精讲精练词汇精讲精练 句式精讲句式精讲 1.1. ItsIts tootoo farfar toto cycle.cycle.tooto意为“太而不能” 。它在结构形式上是肯定的，但意义上却表示否定含义，所以动词 不定式符号 to 前不能再加 not，只接动词原形即可，too 后接形容词或副词原形。例如：The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。 【拓展】（1）在 tooto句型中，当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如：T

2、he room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。（2）在 tooto句型中，当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时，动词不定式后面不能 再加代词作宾语。例如：The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了，无法回答。（3）在 tooto句型中，当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时，可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑 主语，即 for sb.形式。例如：The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了，他搬不动。（4）含 tooto的句子可以改写成 sothat句型，意为

3、“如此以至于” 。例如：He is too old to do hard work. =He is so old that he cant do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。（5）含 tooto的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换，但注 意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如：He is too old to do hard work. =He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了，不能做重活。2.2. I I havehave somesome excitingexcit

4、ing newsnews toto telltell you.you.to tell you由to+动词原形构成的动词不定式，在句子中作定语，放在所修饰的名词之后。例如：Do you know the best way to learn English well? 你知道学好英语的最佳方法吗？ 【注意】 动词不定式作定语时，总是后置，不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，而该不定式为不 及物动词时，其后须加上适当的介词，构成及物动词短语。 例如： I am looking for a room to live in. 我正在找一间屋子住。 I need a piece of paper t

5、o write on. 我需要一张写字用的纸。 【拓展】 不定式还有以下用法： （1）作主语。例如： To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 （2）作宾语。这样的动词有：want; hope; ask; decide等。例如： I want to be a football player. 我想成为一名足球运动员。 （3）作宾语补足语。这样的动词有：ask; teach; want; tell; allow等。例如： He asked me to come here in time. 他叫我及时到达这里。 （4）作表语。例如：My wish is to become a fam

6、ous pianist. 我的愿望就是成为一名著名的钢琴家。23.3. WhyWhy dontdont wewe gogo outout forfor thethe day?day?“Why dont +主语（名词或代词）+动词原形+其他？”相当于“Why not+动词原形+其他？”并不 表示疑问，而是征求意见和提出建议。例如：Why dont you go swimming? = Why not go swimming? 为什么不去游泳呢？ Why not play football with us? 为什么不和我们去踢足球呢？ That sounds like a good idea. 这

7、是个好主意。4.4. WhileWhile JaneJane waswas singing,singing, I I waswas readingreading a a book.book.while 作连词，意为“当时候” ，引导时间状语从句，并且是主句和从句动作同时发生，从句中 的动词必须是延续性动词或表状态，且常用进行时态。例如：He came in while I was watching TV. 当我在看电视时，他进来了。【拓展】 while; when 与 as 的辨析： （1）while 强调动作同时进行，从句常用进行时，其动词必须为延续性动词或表状态。例如：He was wat

8、ching TV while she was cooking. 她做饭时，他在看电视。 （2）when 既可指动作同时进行，也可指先后发生，从句中的动作既可是延续性动词，也可是非延续性 动词。若是同时发生且为延续性动词，则可与 while 互换；若 when 作并列连词，表示“就在那时， 这时候”则只能用 when，并且 when 引导的从句只能放在后面。例如：When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got out. 当外星人出来时，小女孩在购物。We wer

9、e watching TV when there was a knock at the door. 我们在看电视，这时有人敲门。 （3）as 多指主句从句两动作同时发生，常翻译为“一边一边” 。例如： They talked as they walked. 他们边走边谈。5.5. BicycleBicycle ridingriding isis goodgood exercise.exercise.bicycle riding 为动名词短语，在句子中做主语。动名词作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形 式。例如： Swimming is good for our health. 游泳对我们的健康

10、有益。 【拓展】 动名词和不定式都可以作主语，但在用法上有区别： （1）不定式作主语通常表示一次性、未来的且具体的特指动作，而动名词作主语通常表示习惯性、经 常性和不具体的泛指动作。例如：Walking is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old. 步行对年轻人和老年人来说都是一种好的锻炼形式。To carry the heavy box is not easy for the boy. 对这个男孩来说，搬这个箱子是不容易的。 （2）动名词作主语和不定式作主语有时可以互换。例如： Playing with fire is

11、dangerous. = To play with fire is dangerous. 玩火是危险的。6.6. IfIf peoplepeople obeyobey thethe traffictraffic rules,rules, therethere willwill bebe fewerfewer accidents.accidents.if 做连词，意为“如果” 。本句是含有 if 引导的条件状语从句的复合句，要注意：if 条件状语从句 中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。遵循“主将从现”原则。另外，主句也可以用 祈使句或含有情态动词的句子。例如：We will go

12、to the park if it doesnt rain tomorrow.3如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。Dont wait for me if I am late. 如果我晚了就不要等我。If you want to lose weight, you must eat less bread. 如果你想减肥，你必须少吃面包。7.7. WeWe shouldshould nevernever rideride tootoo fast.fast.should 作情态动词，意为“应当，应该” 。表示义务、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化， 也不能单独作谓语，只能和动词一起构成谓语，表示说话

13、人的语气和情态；否定形式为 should not，缩写为 shouldnt。其主要用法有：（1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该” 。例如：You should take your teachers advice. 你应该听从你老师的建议。You shouldnt be late for class. 你不应该上课迟到。（2）表示推断，意为“可能，该” 。例如：The train should have already left. 火车可能已经离开了。句式精练句式精练 I.I. 补全对话。补全对话。根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。A: Hello! May

14、 I speak to Rita? B: This is Rita. 1. _? A: Hi, Rita. This is Candy. Would you like to go to Xian ping Park(咸平公园）tomorrow?B: Great! Id like to. What time shall we start? A: 2. _? B: All right, 8 oclock is fine. Oh, 3. _? A: It will be sunny. So please bring your sunglasses. By the way, do you have J

15、acks telephone number? Hell go with us. B: 4. _. Ill call him later. But where shall we meet together tomorrow? A: At our school gate. B: OK. 5. _? A: We can take NO. 2 bus to there. B: See you tomorrow. A: See you. II.II. 句型转换，每空一词。句型转换，每空一词。 1. Why dont you go to school earlier?(改为同义句)_ _ go to sc

16、hool earlier? 2. Get up early, or you will be late.(改为同义句)_ _ _ get up early, you _ be late. 3. Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.(改为同义句)Shanghai is _ _ _ in China.44. The train ticket cost him ￥120. (对划线部分提问)_ _ _ the train ticket _ _? 5. It often takes about 16 hours to go from Beiji

17、ng to Shanghai by train. (对划线部分提 问)_ _ _ it often _ to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train? 6. Tony doesnt know which book he should choose. (改为同义句) Tony doesnt know which book _ _. 7. I would like to come to China for my vacation. (改为一般疑问句) _ _ like to come to China for _ vacation. 8. Its very har

18、d to work out the math problem.(同义句) _ _ _ the math problem is very hard. 9. Tom gets a letter from his father every month. (改为同义句) Tom _ _ his father every month. 10. Lucy will give a phone call to her friend. Lucy will get off the plane. (用 as soon as 合并为一 句) Lucy will give a phone call to her fri

19、end _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. III.III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 1. 你收到李伟的来信了吗？Did you _ _ Li Wei? 2. 他们在盼望着游览北京。They are _ _ _ _ Beijing. 3. 我想只有 Peter 能想出这些奇怪的主意。I think only Peter can _ _ these strange ideas. 4. Jane 经常在星期天帮她妈妈打扫房间。Jane often _ her mother _ the room. 5. Michael 建议我们筹钱。Michael _ us

20、_ _ _.6. 看！康康正在看电视而明明正忙着做作业。 Look！Kangkang TV while Mingming is busy his homework. 7. 你能帮我们做个参观长城的计划吗？Would you help us to visit the Great Wall? 8. 我很高兴收到你的明信片。 Im to your postcard. 9. 走路大约需要两个半小时。Its about _ _on foot. 10. 那个男孩看起来不同意妈妈的意见。The boy seemed to his mother.参考答案参考答案 I.I. 补全对话。补全对话。1. Who i

21、s that (speaking)? 2. What/How about 8 oclock? 3. How will the weather be tomorrow? 4. Yes, I do. 55. How can we get there? II.II. 句型转换句型转换, , 每空一词。每空一词。1. Why not 2.If you dont; will 3. the largest city 4.How much did; cost him 5. How long does; take 6. to choose 7. Would you; your 8. To work out 9

22、. hears from 10. as soon as she gets off the plane III.III. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。1.hear from 2.looking forward to visiting 3.think of 4.helps; clean 5.advised to raise money 6. is watching; doing 7. make a plan 8. glad/ happy; receive 9. two and a half hours / two hours and a half 10. disagree with