人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit11SectionA教材全解(共8页).doc
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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit11SectionA教材全解Unit 11 How was your school trip?Unit 11 Section A课文全析1.How was your school trip?你的学校郊游怎么样?【重点注释】school trip学校的郊游。一般在学校郊游结束后才会有感受或感触,在问学校郊游怎么样这个问题前学校郊游已经过去了,所以该句运用了一般过去时。该句的回答可以是:It was great/wonderful/terrible!该句的同义句:How did you like(What did you think of/
2、about或者What/How about) your school trip? 2.go for a walk去散步【重点注释】go for a walk去散步,相当于take a walk。walk此处作名词,意为“散步”。例如:What about going for a walk?去散步怎么样?短语:go out for a walk出去散步,have/take a walk散步,have/take walks散步。例如:Lets go out for a walk.让我们出去散步吧。【拓展记忆】walk还可作不及物动词,意为“走路;散步”,后接表示地点的名词时,要加上介词to,但其后
3、接here,there,home等地点副词时,不需加介词to。例如:Lets walk to the zoo.=Lets go to the zoo on foot.让我们步行去动物园吧。I usually walk to school.我通常步行去上学。You can walk there.=You can go there on foot.你可以步行去那儿。3.milk a cow给奶牛挤奶【重点注释】milk此处作及物动词,意为“给挤奶”,milk a cow给奶牛挤奶/挤奶牛的奶;milk还可作不及物动词,意为“挤奶,出奶”。例如:I helped my father to milk
4、the cow.我帮助我父亲挤牛奶。(及物动词)Wheres your mother?Shes milking cows on the farm.她在农场里给奶牛挤奶。(及物动词)This cow milks very well.这头奶牛出奶很多。(不及物动词)【拓展记忆】milk还可用作不可数名词,意为“牛奶”,drink milk喝牛奶,a glassof milk一杯牛奶。例如:Would you like some milk? milk(名词,牛奶) milk(动词,挤奶)How much milk do you drink every day? 4.feed chickens喂鸡【重
5、点注释】feed(feed-feeds-feeding-fed)此处作及物动词,意为“喂养;饲养”,其后常接表示动物名称的词作宾语,feed chickens饲养小鸡。例如:I feed my dog every day.我每天都喂我的狗。My fathers job is to feed animals.我父亲的工作是喂养动物。Can I feed the animals?我可以喂这些动物吗?【拓展记忆】1)feedto意为“把喂给吃”。feed后接饲料或食物名词作宾语,to为介词,其后一般接动物或小孩等名词表示对象。例如:Please feed some grass to the cow.
6、请给这头奶牛喂些草。She fed milk to the baby.她给婴儿喂了牛奶。2)feed可作不及物动词,意为“食,吃”(主要指动物),与介词on连用构成词组,意为“以为食,靠为生”。例如:Sheep feed on grass.绵羊以草为食。Birds feed on worms and grains.鸟以虫和谷物为食。5.Did you see any cows?你看到一些奶牛了吗? Yes,I did.I saw quite a lot.是的,我看到了。我看到相当多。【重点注释】此问句是一个一般过去时态的一般疑问句,其中did是do的过去式,在此作助动词构成一般疑问句。本句用于
7、询问过去发生的动作或事情,疑问句中用了助动词did时,句中的谓语动词应用动词原形,其句型是“Did+主语+动词原形+其他成分?”,其肯定答语是“Yes,主语(代词)+did.”,否定回答是“No,主语(代词)+didnt.”。例如:Did you do your homework yesterday?Yes,I did./No,I didnt.你昨天做作业了吗?是的,我做了。/没有,我没做。Did she go swimming yesterday?Yes,she did./No,she didnt.她昨天去游泳了吗?是的,她去了。/不,她没去。【试题链接】 he go to Central
8、Park?.Yes,he did.A.Did B.Do C.Does D.Is(答语是一般过去时态,问句也应该为一般过去时态,其一般疑问句应借助助动词did来完成。答案:A)quite a lot是表示程度的副词短语,意为“相当多”,在句中多修饰动词或动词短语。例如:I like him quite a lot.我非常喜欢他。I ate quite a lot for lunch today.今天午餐我吃得很多。Do we have milk in the fridge?Yes,quite a lot.我们冰箱里还有牛奶吗?是的,还有很多。【比较】Thanks a lot.多谢。【拓展记忆】q
9、uite a lot后接名词时常与介词of连用,quite a lot of意为“相当多的”,后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式。例如:I have quite a lot of work to do this afternoon.今天下午我有太多的活要干。I have quite a lot of things to tell you.我有很多事情要告诉你。There are quite a lot people in the supermarket today.今天超市里的人很多。【注意】a lot后面不能直接跟名词,a lot of相当于lots of/many/much,其后可接可数名词
10、复数(many)或不可数名词(much)。【比较】quite a few+可数名词复数,quite a little+不可数名词,都是“相当多/不少”的意思,都直接修饰名词,多用于口语(非正式用语)。例如:I have quite a few books.我有许多书。Quite a few students go to school by bike.相当多的学生(不少学生)骑自行车去上学。There is quite a little water here.这儿有很多水。【辨析记忆】quite与veryquite程度副词,意为“相当,非常”可修饰副词、形容词、动词,与表“程度”的词连用。qui
11、te与very与不定冠词连用时位置不同:“a+very+形容词+名词”和“quite+a/an+形容词+名词”very程度副词,意为“很,非常”,语气较quite重。可修饰副词、形容词,但不可直接修饰动词。例句:She is quite/very tall.她很高。He sings very/quite well.他唱得很好。Tom is a very good boy.=Tom is quite a good boy.汤姆是个很好的男孩。6.What did the farmer say?农民说了什么?【重点注释】farmer名词,意为“农民;农场主”。例如:I want to be a m
12、odern farmer.我想当一名现代农民。【拓展记忆】1)farm名词,意为“农场”。例如:There are many animals on the farm.农场里有许多动物。2)farming名词,意为“农事;耕作”。例如:Its best time for farming.是耕作的好时节。7.Did you learn anything?你学到什么东西了吗?/你学到了什么?【重点注释】anything用作不定代词,表示“某事,某东西”,主要用于否定句、疑问句中,用以代替something。例如:He doesnt want to eat anything now.现在他什么也不想吃
13、。We cant believe anything he says.无论他说什么,我们都不能相信。Do you have anything to say?你有什么话要说吗?Has anything interesting happened?发生了什么有趣的事吗?【拓展记忆】1)在表示请求、建议或征求意见的疑问句中常用something,不用anything。例如:Would you like something to drink?你想要些喝的东西吗?2)表示“任何事,任何东西”,主要用于肯定句。例如:I want something to eat.and anything will do.我想
14、弄点东西吃,什么都行。My dog will eat almost anything我的狗几乎什么都洗都吃。3)用作主语时,谓语用单数,对应的代词也用单数(it).例如:Aything is better than nothing,isnt it?有点儿总比什么都没有要好,不是吗?4)修饰anything的形容词应置于其后。例如:Did you hear anything interesting there? 你在那儿听到了什么有趣的事吗?Is there anything new in the book?这本书中有什么新内容吗?【试题链接】Is there in todays newspap
15、er?Yes,it is really cheerful to read that a group of kids joined the volunteers.A.anything new;ten-year-old B.something new;ten-years-old C.anything new;ten-years-old D. something new;ten-year-old(anything一般用于疑问句或否定句中,修饰anything的形容词new应后置;ten-year-old意为“十岁的”,在句中作定语,修饰名词kids。答案:A)【试题链接】Do you have el
16、se to say for your mistake? but sorry.A.anything;Something B. something;Everything C. something;Anything D.anything;Nothing(前句是一般疑问句,故排除B和C。句意:你对于你的错误还有别的什么要说吗?没有什么要说的,除了抱歉。答案:D)8.Did you grow any apples?你种苹果了吗?【重点注释】grow此处作及物动词,意为“种植;栽培”,过去式grew。例如:We grow flowers and vegetables in our garden.我们在花园
17、里种植鲜花和蔬菜。They grow rice every year.他们每年种水稻。It takes ten years to grow trees,but a hundred to rear people.十年树木,百年树人。【拓展记忆】1)grow可作不及物动词,意为“生长;发育”。例如:In spring,everything begins to grow.春天万物复苏。How quickly the baby is growing!这个婴儿长得多么快啊!Look!How well the flowers grow!看!这花长得多好!Money does grow on the tre
18、es.钱确实能够在树上生长。2)grow可作连系动词,有“逐渐变得”之意,强调变化过程。Its growing dark.天渐渐(变)黑了。Its growing warmer and warmer.天在逐渐变暖。3)grow up意为“长大;成长”。例如:What do you want to be when you grow up?你长大后想当什么?【辨析记忆】grow与plant两者都表示“种植”,但用法不同。grow不仅表示“种植”,还包括后期的管理和培育过程,常表示一种过程或状态;也常指使某种植物从种子起在某地生长,不移走。They grow roses in the garden.
19、他们在花园里栽培玫瑰花。Do all plants grow from seeds?所有的植物都由种子长成的吗?plant仅表示“载入土中”,涉及的时间较短,表示动作;也常指移植已长成秧苗的植物,可用于“plant+场地+with”结构。They planted trees in the garden.=They planted the garden with trees.他们在花园里种树。April is time to plant.四月是种植季节。例如:My grandpas job is to grow flowers.And he tells us not to plant the f
20、lowers before April.我爷爷的工作是种花。他告诉我们4月份之前不要栽花。注意:指种植花草,用grow或plant均可;指种植树木,一般用plant;指种植农作物,用grow。例如:We have grown/planted a lot of flowers this summer.夏天他们栽培了许多花。People in the south grow rice.南方人种植水稻。9.The farmer showed Carol around the farm.这位农民带领卡罗尔参观了农场。【重点注释】show此处作及物动词,意为“带领;引领”,show sb.around意为
21、“带领某人参观”。例如:Uncle Wang is going to show us around his farm.王叔叔要领我们参观他的农场。Could you show me around the factory?你能带我参观这家工厂吗?【拓展记忆】1)show作及物动词,还有以下含义:意为“给看;出示,显示”,常构成show sb.sth.或show sth.to sb.结构。例如:Please show me that coat over there.请把那儿的外套拿给我看看。Show your tickets,please.请出示您的车票。The girl shows me her
22、 photos.=The girl shows her photos to me.小女孩让我看了看她的照片。【注意】在“show sb.sth.”或“show sth.to sb.”结构中,如果“物(sth.)”是代词(it/them),只能用“show sth(it/them).to sb.”结构,而不能用“show sb. (it/them)sth.”结构。判断:你有一支新钢笔,请给我看看。You have a new pen.Please show it to me. You have a new pen.Please show me it. 意为“指引,领路”。例如:Let me sh
23、ow you the way to the hospital.我指给你去医院的路。Show me the way,please.请给我指路。意为“(向人)说明;表明;指示”。例如:Your homework shows that you are carefull.从你的作业上可以看出你很认真。2)show作不及物动词,有“显现;显出;露出”等意思。例如:A big smile often shows on the teachers face.老师的脸上常常露出大大的笑容。3)show作名词,意为“演出;节目;展示”,on show意为“展览”。例如:They want to have a ta
24、lk show.他们想举行一个谈话节目。The beautiful flowers are on show.这些漂亮的花在展览。【试题链接】I want a ticket to Shanghai this afternoon,please. OK.Will you please me your ID card?A.tell B. serve C. send D.show(tell告诉;serve招待,send发送,show出示。句意:我要一张今天下午去上海的票。好吧,请出示你的身份证。答案:D)10.Carol learned a lot about farming.卡罗尔了解了很多农事。【重
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