血液透析与腹膜透析的费用及疾病经济负担分析.pdf
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1、并不逊色于血透。然而由于受非医疗因素的影响,尤其是补偿模式差异所造成的经济利益驱动,使血透利用过度而腹透受到抑制。由此,一方面患者及其家庭乃至社会不堪沉重的疾病费用负担,另一方面又存在因透析技术应用不当而造成的浪费现象。同样情况也存在于我国上海地区。上海现行的社会医疗保障机构对两种透析方式采取不同的补偿政策,使医院开展血透技术的获利空间大于腹透,诱导医院为患者选择血透。我国是一个慢性肾炎高发(患)病率国家,同时也是一个经济水平较低的发展中国家,终末期肾病治疗的可及性远低于发达国家和地区。如何制定适宜的终末期肾病相关政策,不仅涉及疾病本身,而且关系到社会的稳定。应借鉴国外的经验教训,对我国现行的
2、政策进行调整,调整的重点应着眼于消除经济利益等非医疗因素对医院选择透析方式的影响,进而依据患者的病因、心理和健康状况,为其选择适宜的透析方式。在疾病相关政策的制定上,应重视终末期肾病防治的总体策略,建立多渠道、多层次的筹资模式,完善透析技术的诊疗规范及质量控制标准,并建立有效的监督机制,加强对患者透析前后的技术培训与心理护理等。当然,最有效的方法是预防,包括致力于降低导致终末期肾病的各类疾病发生率、延缓肾病发展为终末期肾病以及选择适宜的早期透析时间等,合理分配治疗与预防的经费。参考文献1Gokal R,Figueras M,Olle A,et al.Outcomes in peritoneal
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6、status of renal replacementtherapy in Japan.Am J Kidney Diseases,1995,25:151.7Wolfe RA,Port FK,Hawthorne VM,et al.A comparison of survival a-mong dialytic therapies of choice:in-center heamodialysis versus CAPD athome.Am J Kidney Diseases,1995,25:165.8Fenton SA,Schaubel DE,Desmeules M,et al.Hemodial
7、ysis versusperitoneal dialysis:a comparison of adjusted mortality rates.Am J Kid-ney Diseases,1997,30:334.9Evan RW,Kitzmann DJ.An economic analysis of kidney transplantation.Renal Transplantation,1998,78:149.10Meers C,Mcmurray M.A comparison of patient,nurse,and physicianassessment of health-related
8、 quality of life in end-stage renal disease.Dialysis&Transplantation,1995,24:120.11Florence CW,Karine BD,Daniel B.A cost-effectiveness analysis ofcontinuousambulatoryperitonealdialysisvs.Self-carein-centerhemodialysis in France.Dialysis&Transplantation,1999,28:70.12Nissenson AR,Prichard SS,Cheng IK,
9、et al.Non-medical factors thatimpact on ESRD modality selection.Kidney International,1993,43:s-120.13Horl WH,de Alvaro F,Williams PF.Healthcare systems and end-stagerenal disease(ESRD)therapies:an international review:access to ESRDtreatments.Nephrol Dial Transplant,1999,14:10.14Garella S.The cost o
10、f dialysis in the USA.Nephrol Dial Transplant,1997,12:10.15祝延红,胡善联.血液透析和腹膜透析的成本分析.中华医院管理杂志,2002,18:684-687.(收稿日期:2003-01-28)血液透析与腹膜透析的费用及疾病经济负担分析祝延红胡善联陈新乐作者单位:200080上海交通大学附属第一人民医院科教处(祝延红、陈新乐);复旦大学公共卫生学院(胡善联)终末期肾病给社会带来的经济负担十分沉重。我国经济水平不高,人均占有的卫生经费很少,而终末期肾病患者众多,疾病对我国患者及其家庭、社会保障部门乃至整个社会造成的影响远甚于发达国家。本文将着
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- 血液 透析 腹膜 费用 疾病 经济 负担 分析
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