(完整版)(英语语法)四种完成时态.doc

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1、LESSON EIGHT四种完成时态主系表现在： You are rich. 过去： You were rich.将来： You will be rich.过去将来：You would be rich.There be现在：There is a book on the desk .过去：There was a book on the desk.将来：There will be a book on the desk.过去将来：There would be a book on the desk.主谓宾状现在： You study English in the school.过去时： You stu

2、died English in the school.将来时: You will study English in the school.You are going to study English.You are to study English.You are about to study English过去将来：You would study English in the schoolYou were going to study English.You were to study English.You were about to study English.You are study

3、ing English.You were studying English.You will be studying English.You woud be studying English.课堂练习1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他？2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗？3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬 bit bite你吗？4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗？6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗？8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗？9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗

4、?10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗？11：那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙。课堂答案1：你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他？Do you know why your teachers father beat him yesterday?2：你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗？Do you know how the pretty girl of your class becomes the best students?3：你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬 bit bite你吗？Do you know why the dog of his fami

5、ly bit you yesterday?4：我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语.Yesterday, my mother asked me where I was going to study English.5：你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗？Do you know how many books there were in the library of your school yesterday?6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗？Do you know when his father died?7：你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗？Do you know why the mo

6、use loves rice?8：你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗？Do you know how many books your teacher is going to write nest year?9：你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗?Do you know where your teacher is having lunch? 10：你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗？Do you know what your father and mother were doing in the living room at half past 7 yesterday?11：那个

7、医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙。The doctor told me that he was helping in the hospital. 四种完成时态 完成时态的构成 句型 时态主系表主谓宾现在完成have (has) beenhave (has) done过去完成had beenhad done将来完成will have beenwill have done过去将来完成would have beenwould have done 现在完成时态的基本用法1. 表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。应该明确现在完成时态属于现在时态的范畴。它所强调的不是过去发生的动作，而是对现在产生

8、的结果和影响。否则用一般过去时态就够了。请看下面的对话。 AWe will send some one to America. 我们要派一个人去美国。 BI have been there. 我去过美国。 = I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there? 我去过那儿，很了解那个国家。能派我去吗？ CI have not been there. 我还没去过那儿呢。 = I didnt go to America. It is my turn. 我没去过。这次该我了。上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国。所

9、以B用现在完成时态是想说明自己有经验，派他去好。而C用现在完成时态是说自己没去过，轮也该轮到他了。两句都是强调对现在产生的影响。Did you have lunch?Have you had lunch?Did you study English?Have you studied English? Laochang died?Laochang has died?Who was herer?Who has been here?Have you done your homework 2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。 通常用于持续性较强的动词，例如：live, study, wait for

10、, be等等，并且常常与since, for连用，since给出的是过去的一个时间点，如since 1958, 而for往往给出的是一个时间段，如for three years。 He has studied English for eight years. Since 1980, they have known each other. 注：完成时态表示延续的用法不可跟非延续动词连用，如：die, go, leave, receive等。请看下面例句： His father has died for three years. His father has been dead for three

11、 years. 第一句是错的。“死”这个动作不可能延续。但一种状态却可以延续。第二句用主系表句型是对的。 过去完成时态，将来完成时态和过去将来完成时态 学习完成时态应注意，所有完成时态在“态”的概念上是一样的，现在完成时态、过去完成时态、将来完成时态、过去将来完成时态所不同的只是时间上的概念。所以我们只要掌握现在完成时态，然后在时间上向过去推便是过去完成时态，向将来推便是将来完成时态。 3完成时态在主从句中的用法完成时态除上面讲到的两种基本用法之外，在主从句中通常可以用来表示主句与从句动作发生的先后次序。 Do you know he has finished his homework?现在完

12、成时态“has finished”表示发生在一般现在时态“know”之前。 I heard he had bought a new car.过去完成时态“had bought”表示发生在过去时态“heard”之前。 现在完成时态“have had supper”强调吃过饭之后，即强调从句动作发生在主句之前。从上面几个例句可以看出，在主从句中现在完成时态往往表示发生在另一个现在时态的动作之前，而过去完成时态则表示发生在另一个过去时态的动作之前。请注意下面的例句： 以上简单地介绍了在主从句中完成时态的用法。请同学们在做练习时多加注意。一、 完成下列句子。1. He said （他从未去过西藏Tib

13、et）.2. （他从未给我写过信）since he left Beijing.3. He said （他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera）.4. I hope （雨会在明天中午前停下来）.5. By the end of that year （他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6. I really dont know （他是否已经到了实验室laboratory）.7. The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer （在他经历了这样的事情之后）.8. I could not remember whether （他已经付了字典钱）.9. Im af

14、raid I （到时还没有找到正确的答案）.10. Dont worry. Before I get home I （就会把这件事全忘光的）.二、 完成下列句子。1He said that he had never been to Tibet.（他从未去过西藏Tibet）.2 He hasnt written to me（他从未给我写过信）since he left Beijing.3He said that he would have done with (have used) my camera by the end of next month.（他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera）.

15、4I hope that the rain will have stopped by tomorrow noon.（雨会在明天中午前停下来）.5 By the end of that year he had collected more than a thousand Chinese stamps.（他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6I really dont know whether he has got to the laboratory or not.他是否已经到了实验室laboratory）.7The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer

16、after he has experienced such a thing.（在他经历了这样的事情之后）. Has gone through8 I could not remember whether he had paid for the dictionary.（他已经付了字典钱）9Im afraid I wont have got the correct answer by then.（到时还没有找到正确的答案）.10. Dont worry. Before I get home I will have forgotten all about the matter.（就会把这件事全忘光的）

17、.三、 完成下列句子。1. He said （他从未去过西藏Tibet）.2. （他从未给我写过信）since he left Beijing.3. He said （他下月底就不用我的照相机了camera）.4. I hope （雨会在明天中午前停下来）.5. By the end of that year （他已集了一千多张中国邮票）.6. I really dont know （他是否已经到了实验室laboratory）.7. The boy knows that he must be braver and firmer （在他经历了这样的事情之后）.8. I could not rem

18、ember whether （他已经付了字典钱）.9. Im afraid I （到时还没有找到正确的答案）.10. Dont worry. Before I get home I （就会把这件事全忘光的）.二、 时态选择。（该题全部取自于全国高考原卷）1. What do you want _ those old boxes?To put things in when I move to the new flat.A. by B. for C. ofD. with 2. he start at once or wait for a while?Let him start at once. A

19、Will BWould CDoes DShall 3. I cant tell you if it tomorrow.Awill rain Brains Cshall rain Ddoes rain 4. Did you watch the play on CCTV 1 last night? It was really good. No, I didnt._? “Tea House”. A. What was it B. Whats on C. What was it about D. How about it 5. Can you give me the right answer?Sorr

20、y, I _Would you repeat that question?Ahadn t listened Bhavent listenedCdont listen Dwasnt listening 6. I promised to get there before 5 oclock, but now the rain is pouring downThey _ for me impatientlyAmay wait Bought to waitCcould wait Dmust be waiting 7. Havent seen you for ages! Do you still work

21、 in Fuzhou? _.Its two years since I worked there. A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I do C. No, I havent D. No, I dont 8. Goodbye, Peter, remember me to your parents. _.A. Its very kind of you to say so B. Thanks, I willC. You are so kind D. Thanks, what a good idea9. You are talking too much.Only at home. No

22、one _ me but you. A. is hearing B. had heard C. hears D. heard 10. We want someone to design the new art museum for us. the young fellow have a try? A. May B. Shall C. Will D. Need 11. I wonder why Jenny _us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasnt written B. doesnt writeC. wont write

23、 D. hadnt written 12. I didnt like aunt Lucy, who _without warning and presentingA. always turned up B. has always turned up C. was always turned up D. was always turning up 13. Has Tommy finished his homework yet? I have no idea; he it this morning. A. was doing B. had been doing C. has done D. did

24、 14. The little girl _ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it.A. had cried; lostB. cried; had lost C. has cried; has lostD. cries; has lost 15. Hey, look where you are going?Oh, Im terribly sorry_.A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent notice

25、d D. I dont notice16. Do you know your town at all?No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming17. Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be18. _ my glasses? Yes, I saw them on your bed a minut

26、e ago.A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see D. Have you seen19. You dont need to describe her.I _ her several times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet20. Who is Jerry Cooper? _ ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Dont you meet him yet B. Hadnt you met him yetC. Didnt you

27、 meet him yet D. Havent you met him yet21. Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.A. has left; come B. left; had come C. had left; came D. left; came22. How long _ each other before they _ married? For about a year.A. have they known; get B. did they know; were go

28、ing to getC. do they know; are going to get D. had they known; got二、 时态选择。（该题全部取自于全国高考原卷）1. What do you want _ those old boxes?To put things in when I move to the new flat.A. by B. for C. ofD. with 1.D do sth with sth or want sth with sth 意思是用什么东西或要什么东西做什么。 2. _ he start at once or wait for a while?

29、Let him start at once. AWill BWould CDoes DShall 2.DShall shall表示征求对方意见。 3. I cant tell you if it tomorrow.Awill rain Brains Cshall rain Ddoes rain 3.Awill rain 表示将来发生的事。4. Did you watch the play on CCTV 1 last night? It was really good. No, I didnt._? “Tea House”. A. What was it B. Whats on C. What

30、 was it about D. How about it 4.B. Whats on 意思是演的是什么。5. Can you give me the right answer?Sorry, I _Would you repeat that question?Ahadn t listened Bhavent listenedCdont listen Dwasnt listening 5.Dwasnt listening 表示刚才一瞬间，所以要用过去进行时。6. I promised to get there before 5 oclock, but now the rain is pourin

31、g downThey _ for me impatientlyAmay wait Bought to waitCcould wait Dmust be waiting 6.Dmust be waiting must be or must do都可以表示对目前的推测。该话应译成：想必他们等我等的不耐烦了。 Must be must be doingMust have been Must have done7. Havent seen you for ages! Do you still work in Fuzhou? _.Its two years since I worked there. A

32、. Yes, I have B. Yes, I do C. No, I havent D. No, I dont 7. D. No , I dont Its two years since I worked there. 此句应译成我已经有两年没在那里工作了。 8. Goodbye, Peter, remember me to your parents. _.A. Its very kind of you to say so B. Thanks, I willC. You are so kind D. Thanks, what a good idea8.B. Thanks, I will。在答

33、应别人时应该用will表示坚决。9. You are talking too much.Only at home. No one _ me but you. A. is hearing B. had heard C. hears D. heard 9. C. hears 表示事实用一般时。10. We want someone to design the new art museum for us. the young fellow have a try? A. May B. Shall C. Will D. Need 10.B. Shall shall表示征求对方的意见。have a try

34、 试一试， have a look 看一看。11. I wonder why Jenny _us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasnt written B. doesnt writeC. wont write D. hadnt written 11.A. hash t written 因为recently表示过去延续到现在，应用过去完成时。12. I didnt like aunt Lucy, who _without warning and presentingA. always turned up B. has al

35、ways turned up C. was always turned up D. was always turning up 12.D. was always turning up,- be always doing表示不满。 例如My wife is always watching TV. 我的妻子总是看电视。 Turn up 意思是出现。 该句应译成：我不喜欢我的婶子路西总不打招呼也不带礼物就突然出现。 13. Has Tommy finished his homework yet? I have no idea; he it this morning. A. was doing B.

36、had been doing C. has done D. did 13.A. was doing this morning表示一个很短的过去时间，用过去进行时。14. The little girl _ her heart out because she _ her toy bear and believed she wasnt ever going to find it.A. had cried; lostB. cried; had lost C. has cried; has lostD. cries; has lost 14.B. cried; had lost, cry ones h

37、eart out 哭得很伤心。在主从句中过去完成时表示动作发生在一般过去时之前，现在完成时是指动作发生在一般现在时之前。强调主从句的时间差。15. Hey, look where you are going?Oh, Im terribly sorry_.A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticingC. I havent noticed D. I dont notice15. B 表示过的动作短暂用过去进行时。16. Do you know your town at all?No, this is the first time I _ here.A. was B.

38、 have been C. came D. am coming16. B 从过到现在的经历用现在完成时。17. Im sorry to keep you waiting.-Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be17.A 过去的状态持续到现在用现在完成时。18. _ my glasses? Yes, I saw them on your bed a minute ago.A. Do you see B. Had you seen C. Would you see

39、D. Have you seen 18. D过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时19. You dont need to describe her.I _ her several times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet19.B 从过到现在的经历用现在完成时。20. Who is Jerry Cooper? _ ? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Dont you meet him yet B. Hadnt you met him yetC. Didnt you meet hi

40、m yet D. Havent you met him yet20. D 过去的动作对现在产生的影响用现在完成时。21. Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.A. has left; come B. left; had come C. had left; came D. left; came21.C 动作发生在过去的过去，强调时间差用过去完成时。22. How long _ each other before they _ married? For about a year.A. have they known; get B. did they know; were going to getC. do they know; are going to get D. had they known; got22.D 动作发生在过去的过去，强调时间差用过去完成时。12