名词性从句(共5页).docx

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1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上名词性从句一、定义在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句 (Noun Clauses）。 名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句(the Subject Clause)、宾语从句(the Object Clause)、表语从句(the Predicative Clause)和同位语从句(the Appositive Clause)。二 引导名词性从句的连接词 引导名词性从句的引导词可分为三类：1. 从属连词：that, whether/if, as if2

2、. 连接代词：what, which, who, whom, whose3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how三 从句讲解1.主语从句概念：主语从句就是在复合从句中作主语的从句。主语从句常用that, whether, who, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引导词。例句：Whether he will be able to come remains a question.That china is a great socialist country is well known.It

3、 is well known that China is a great socialist country.What he found surprised me greatly.Whoever is finished may rest.2. 表语从句概念：表语从句就是在复合从句中作表语的从句。引导词除了引导主语从句的引导 词外，还有as if, as though.例句：The question is whether he is able to do it alone.It looks as if (though) it is going to snow.The reason why he

4、is absent is that he is ill.3. 宾语从句概念：宾语从句就是在复合从句中作宾语的从句。宾语从句的引导词和主语从句的引导词基本相同。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。例句：They didnt say which they wanted.I am surprised at what has happened.Who do you think is the best player this year. 4. 同位语从句概念：同位语从句就是在句中作同位语的从句。通常放在thought，idea, news, plan, question, fact, suggesti

5、on, belief等抽象名词的，说明这些词具体内容或含义。同位语从句大多由that引导，也可由whether，how，when，where，why等引导，但不能由which引导。例句：The idea that the earth is round is not a new one.He must answer the question whether he agrees to or not.The whole truth came out at last that he was a wolf in sheeps clothing.考点聚焦：【考点一】考查名词性从句的引导词在高考单项选择题中

6、，名词性从句连词的选择往往是测试的热点。考生若不认真分析，没有正确的解题方法，常常造成判断上的失误，最终错选了连词。名词性从句引导词的用法：1. who意为“谁”，在从句中作主语。2. whom意为“谁”，在从句中作宾语，但在口语中常用who代替whom。3. whoever(=anyone who)意为“凡是的人”，它的宾格形式是whomever （但在口语中常用whoever代替 whomever）。4. whose意为“谁的”，在从句中作定语。5. what (=the+n.+that)意为“什么”；whatever(=anything+that)意为“凡是的物”。what 和whate

7、ver都可在从句中作主语、表语、宾语。6. which意为“哪一个；哪些”；whichever意为“无论哪一个都”。which 和whichever都可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。7. where意为“在哪儿”，在从句中作地点状语；when意为“什么时候”，在从句中作时间状语；how意为“如何”，在从句中作方式状语；why意为“为什么”,在从句中作原因状语。8. whether意为“是否”，在从句中不充当任何语法成分;引导及物动词的宾语从句时，可与if互换；引导介词的宾语从句或引导主语、表语、同位语从句时，只用whether。9. that无具体意思，在从句中也不充当任何语法成分，只起连接作用

8、。温馨提示：我们不妨采取“一分二划三看”三步法对这种类型的题目加以分析，然后做出正确的选择。“一分”即分清从句类型：即分清从句是哪一种名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）“二划”即划分出从句“三看”即看从句句意是否完整：1. 句意不完整缺连接代词：指人时，用who, whoever（作主语）；whom, whomever（作宾语）;指物时，用what, whatever（作主语、宾语）；which, whichever（作主语、宾语）。2. 句意完整缺连接副词：指时间时，用when；指地点时，用where, wherever；指原因时，用why；指方式时，用how。句意完整缺

9、不作成分的连词:有含义的用if, whether（是否）；无含义的用that。【考点二】考查形式主语、形式宾语当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，为了避免“头重脚轻”，常常将从句后置，而用it作形式主语，置于句首。动词后接复合宾语，也可用it作形式宾语。不能用this或that来代替it。It is a pity that he cant attend the party.We consider it necessary that he should improve his grammar.(that不可以省略)即学即练：名词性从句一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：1. Chin

10、a is no longer what it used to be.2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. How he persuaded the man to change the plan is interesting to us all.5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6. That

11、is where Lu Xun used to live.7. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.8. Do you remember the teacher who taug ht us English at middle school?9. I wonder why she refused my invitation.二、用适当的连词填空：1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy.2. Thats _ he refused my invitation.3. I am ve

12、ry interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.4. _ we need is more time.5. The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet.7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for.8. Is that _ you are looking for?9

13、. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is?10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.难点透视 对于名词性从句的用法和其他从句如定语从句、状语从句及其他一些固定句式的用法上容易混淆，现将其对比分析如下：【难点一】that的省略问题用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确I believe _ you have done your best and _ things will get better解析：that在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位从句时，一般不省略。在引导宾

14、语从句时,that可以省略。当由两个that引导的从句作同一个动词的宾语时，第二个that不可省。故第一个空可填that，也可不填;第二空填that。下列情况that不可省略：当that作介词宾语时，that不可省略。The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.当宾语从句被it替代时，that不可省略。She has made it clear that she will have nothing to do with the decision.当that引导的宾语从句中的状语紧靠that时，或that从句中含有主从复

15、合句时，that不可省略。Im sure that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. 有插入语或其他成分把宾语从句和主句分开时，that不可省略。He thinks, Im afraid, that he is always right. 当that引导的宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时，that不可省略。They said that rubbing the girls leg might help. 从句的主语是that时，that不可省略。She says that that is a real gold ring. 【难点二】whethe

16、r与if用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整、正确The question _ he will go or not has not been decided. Please let me know _ you want to go.解析：whether可以引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，而if不可以。在引导宾语从句时whether可以与or not直接连用，或是作介词宾语，但是if不可以。所以第题填whether;第题填whether或if皆可。只能使用whether的情形如下：主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。Whether he will succeed is st

17、ill unknown The question is whether it will rain. 介词后的宾语从句中只用whether。That depends on whether they will come by bus.后面直接跟动词不定式时只用whether。He doesnt know whether to stay or not.宾语从句中既可用whether也可用if引导，但是若后面紧接or not时，只能用whether。We didnt know whether or not she was ready.练习1. We must put _ we have learned

18、 into practice.2. He was never satisfied with _she had achieved .3. I will give this dictionary to _wants to have it.4._ they will come here hasn t been decided yet.5. It is still a question _ we shall have our sports meet.6. It is strange _ she have left without saying a word.7. _ Mr Zhang said is

19、quite right.8. It has been decided _ he will be sent there.9. It doesn t matter _he s come back or not.10._ you have done might do harm to other people.11._ the 2000 Olympic Games wont be held in Beijing is known to all.12. That is _ we all support his idea.13. _ is troubling me is _ I dont understand _ he said.14. My suggestion is _ we should send a few comrades to help them.15. The idea _ all people are selfish is wrong.专心-专注-专业