天津市第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考英语试题（解析版）.docx

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1、天津一中2022-2023-1高三年级一月考英语试卷第I卷（选择题，共115分）第一部分：听力测试（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the man mean?A. The alarm bell is very good.B. The gate keeper should replace the alarm bell.C. They dont have t

2、o change the alarm bell.2. When will the man arrive?A. At 8:45. B. At 9:15. C. At 9:50.3. Who will make the decision?A. The man. B. The woman. C. The waiter.4. Where does this conversation take place?A. At an airport. B. At a railway station. C. At a post office.5. Why was the man late?A. His daught

3、er was sick. B. He didnt want to work. C. He had a stomachahce.第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）听下面3段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6. How long did the man sleep last night?A. For five hours. B. For two hours. C.

4、For three hours.7. Why didnt the man come to the party?A. He didnt like the party.B. He got home late.C. He left work late and had a headache.8. What does the woman advise the man to do first?A. Take a sleep pill. B. Take a painkiller. C. Have some exercise.【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我会鼓励他以不同的方式看待事物，这样他就

5、会回到选择看到积极的一面, 丢掉消极的态度的轨道上。A. independently独立地；B. differently不同地；C. simply简单地；D.clearly清楚 地。根据前后文可知，有时通往积极乐观的道路会脱离儿子的掌控，因此作者会鼓励他用不同的方式看待 事物，这样儿子才会重新回到积极的轨道上。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然很挣扎,但他已经有了进展。A. choice选择；B. struggle挣扎；C. problem 问题；D.lesson课程。根据前后文“It was a., but he was making headway”可知，but表示转折，说

6、明这一过程虽然很挣扎，但是好在儿子在取得进展。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我确信我的努力是值得的。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我确信我的努力是值得的。A. taking off 起飞;B. ending up 结束;C. paying off偿清，得到好结果；D.piling up堆起。根据上文可知,偿清，得到好结果；D.piling up堆起。根据上文可知,儿子如今逐渐明白了积极乐观的力量，也就是说作者的努力得到了好的结果。故选C。第三部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分,满分50分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Lifeline

7、 Bookfest BrisbaneWelcome to Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane, the largest secondhand book sale in Queensland.OPENING HOURS9 am6 pm 26 June4 JulyEarly start, 26 June & 27 June, opening at 8 amBookfest up late, 2 July, closing at 9 pmWHATf DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?To keep you safe, Bookfest will be more spread

8、out across three halls (that means no $1 section this year).Numbers in the halls will be restricted, but dont worry, we have 18 months worth of books to share and well be restocking (补充货源)daily, so you wont miss out. Once we reach capacity in the halls, it will be one in, one out.Sales will be card-

9、only. Sorry for kids who were used to spending their saved cash on their favorite books in the past few years.PRICESAt Bookfest youll find a $2.5 section and a High-Quality section. Books in the High-Quality section range from $4 to $25, and our Rare and Collectible books are individually priced.LAS

10、T WORDYou can hire a trolley （推车）at the event to do your shopping （$2 trolley hire）.You can donate new, used or unwanted books. Baskets will be available at the event （next to the entrance） for book donations.36. On which day will Bookfest last the longest?A. 26 June.B. 27 June.C. 2 July.D. 4 July.3

11、7. If the capacity of the halls is reached, you cant enter the halls until.A. 6 pmB. someone gets out C. the numbers increase D. you buy a bookHow will Bookfest be different this year compared to previous years?A. It will restock every other day.B. It wont be accessible to kids.C. It will have a $1

12、section.D. It wont accept cash.39 What can you do at the event?A. Hire a trolley for free.B. Donate your used books.C. Buy High-Quality books for $2.5.D. Read individually-priced new books.E. . What type of writing is this text?A. A shopping guide. B. A book review.C. An official report. D. An annou

13、ncement.【答案】36. C 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了昆士兰州最大的二手书销售活动Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane的相关 信息。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据OPENING HOURS部分的“9 am6 Pm 26 June4 July（早上九点下午六点，6月26 日7 月 4 日），uEarly start, 26 June & 27 June, opening at 8 am（开门很早，6 月 26 日和 6 月 27 日， 早上八点开门）”和 uBookfest up late, 2 July,

14、closing at 9 pm（Bookfest,开到很晚，7 月 2 日，9 点关门）”可知，Bookfest持续时间最长的一天是7月2日，故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据 WHATf DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?部分的 “Once we reach capacity in the halls, it will be one in, one out.（一旦大厅人满了，就会一人出，一人进。）”可知，如果达到了大厅的容量，直到有人出来了 你才能进入大厅，故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据 WHAT3 DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?部分的 uSales will b

15、e card-only. Sorry for kids who were used to spending their saved cash on their favorite books in the past few years.（销售只允许刷卡。在过去的 几年里，孩子们习惯于把节省下来的钱花在他们最喜欢的书上，我为他们感到抱歉。）”可知，今年的书展 与往年相比的不同点在于今年不接受现金，故选D。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据LAST WORD部分的“You can donate new, used or unwanted books.（你可以捐赠新的，用 过的或不想要的书。）”可知，你可

16、以捐用过的书，故选B。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的Welcome to Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane, the largest secondhand book sale in Queensland.（欢迎来至lj Lifeline Bookfest Brisbane,这是昆士兰最大的二手书销售活动。）”及小标题 “OPENING HOURS（开放时间）”，“WHATS DIFFERENT THIS YEAR?（今年有什么不同？）”， “PRICES（价格）”和“LAST WORD（最后的话）”可知，本文是这个二手书销售活动的一个公告，目的是 告诉公众这个活动的

17、相关信息，故选D。BI was born in Monrovia, Liberia on March 13, 1977. In early 1990, a cruel civil war started in Liberia. The nations economic, political and social systems were destroyed. 250,000 people were killed and one million were displaced. More than 700,000 Liberians fled to neighboring countries to

18、 avoid the war. I am one of them.Less fortunate refugees have been living in camps for more than 10 years. Children suffered the most damage; a high percentage of them were recruited as child soldiersthe boys were taken to fight.I escaped to the bordering Ivory Coast after the death of my stepfather

19、 at the end of 1990.1 watched the country go from peaceful and quiet to dangerous. In November 1993,1 finally got to the United States and was reunited with my family. I received a full academic scholarship to college, where I obtained a degree in Electronic Communication. After graduating, I moved

20、to Manhattan for my career in fashion. I never forgot how much suffering my fellow Liberians stood. To help those back home in Monrovia, I began donating to individuals, orphanages and womens groups five years ago. Those efforts grew into The MacDella Cooper Foundation.In 2004,1 started The MacDella

21、 Cooper Foundation （MCF）, an organization devoted to empowering Liberian youth, especially orphans and abandoned children, by providing education and basic necessities. My dream is toeducate as many Liberian children as MCF can support, so that they can later contribute to the economic redevelopment

22、 of the country and to make sure Liberias history is not repeated. I believe that education is the saving grace of Liberia and Africa as a whole. But to promote education, we must first provide the basic needs-shelter, food, clothing and security.In just a few short years, we have assisted foster ho

23、mes and five oiphanages in Monrovia. MCF has also reunited families and aided a young Liberian orphan needing medical treatment for cancer. Additionally, in December MCF holds an annual childrens Christmas party at the Susie Gunther Orphanage in Monrovia fbr more than 500 orphans. Each child receive

24、s a warm meal on Christmas day and a gift bag filled with toys and other necessities.Were very excited and honored to be part of the world community assisting in Liberias recovery. Our final goal is a strong, educated, and economically sound Liberia.F. . When the cruel civil war started in Liberia,

25、the author.A. stayed in a campC. lived with her stepfatherB. lived with all of her familyD. had decided to go for AmericaG. . According to the text, the author could arrive in America in November 1993, and she should be veryA. luckyB. brave43. During the study in college, the author.A. founded MCFC.

26、 had a part-time job in fashion44. According to the text, MCF aims at.A. helping Liberias recovery in every wayC. helping change African education45. It can be inferred that the text should beA. a discussion about social problemsC. a funny make-up story【答案】41.C42. A 43. D 44. A /A. luckyB. brave46.

27、During the study in college, the author.A. founded MCFC. had a part-time job in fashion47. According to the text, MCF aims at.A. helping Liberias recovery in every wayC. helping change African education48. It can be inferred that the text should beA. a discussion about social problemsC. a funny make

28、-up story【答案】41.C42. A 43. D 44. A /C. regretfulD. disappointedB. received a degree in fashionD. neednt pay a lot of feeB. assisting the poor people in the worldD. offering basic needs to the LiberiansB. the introduction of MCFD. the authors real story and her MCF.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为逃难从利比里亚

29、来到了美国，完成学业后成立了自己 的慈善组织MCF,想要帮助利比里亚的教育，文章介绍了他们所做出的一些贡献和成就。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In early 1990, a cruel civil war started in Liberia. (1990年初，利比里亚爆发了一场残酷的内战）”以及第二段中 “Less fortunate refugees have been living in camps for more than 10 years.（不幸 的难民已经在难民营里生活了 10多年）”以及第三段“I escaped to the bordering Ivory Co

30、ast after the death of my st叩father at the end of 1990.（我的继父在1990年底去世后，我逃到了边境的科特迪瓦）”可知，当残酷的 内战在利比里亚开始时，作者和继父住在一起。故选C。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 u I watched the country go from peaceful and quiet to dangerous. In November 1993,1 finally got to the United States and was reunited with my family.（我看着这个国家从和平与宁静

31、变成危险。1993 年11月，我终于到达美国，与家人团聚）”可知，作者能在1993年11月到达美国，她应该感到非常幸运。 故选Ao【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “I received a full academic scholarship to college, where I obtained a degree in Electronic Communication.（我获得了全额奖学金进入大学，并获得了电子通信专业的学位）”可知，在大学学 习期间，作者不需要支付很多费用。故选D。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中 “In 2004,1 started The MacDel

32、la Cooper Foundation （MCF）, an organization devoted to empowering Liberian youth, especially orphans and abandoned children, by providing education and basic necessities. My dream is to educate as many Liberian children as MCF can support, so that they can later contribute to the economic redevelopm

33、ent of the country and to make sure Liberias history is not repeated. I believe that education is the saving grace of Liberia and Africa as a whole. But to promote education, we must first provide the basic needs-shelter, food, clothing and security.（ 2004年，我创办了麦克黛拉库珀基金会（MCF）,该组织致力于 通过提供教育和基本必需品，增强利

34、比里亚青年，特别是孤儿和被遗弃儿童的权能。我的梦想是在MCF所 能支持的范围内教育尽可能多的利比里亚儿童，这样他们以后就能为国家的经济重建做出贡献，并确保利 比里亚的历史不会重演。我认为教育是利比里亚和整个非洲的可取之处。但是，为了促进教育，我们必须 首先满足基本需求一一住房、食物、衣服和安全）”可知，MCF的目标是在各个方面帮助利比里亚的恢复。 故选Ao【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章主要讲述了作者因为逃难从利比里亚来到了美国，完成学业后成立了自己的慈善组 织MCF,想要帮助利比里亚的教育，文章介绍了他们所做出的一些贡献和成就。可推知，这篇文章介绍了 作者的真实故事和她的MCF。故选D。C

35、When thinking about intelligence, we often place humans at the top of the ranks. However, there is a species whose intelligence is far more advanced and perhaps more similar to humans than wed thought-crows （乌鸦）.In 2002, a crow named Betty wowed Oxford University scientists by picking up a piece of

36、wire in her cage and bending it at one end using another object to shape the wire into a hooked （钩状的）tool. The hooked tool was then used to lift a small container containing a pigs heart from inside a plastic tube fbr the bird to eat. Many years later, researchers found that bending tools was in fac

37、t, not that unusual for New Caledonian crows.Part of the Corvid family （鸦弟1） of birds, the brains of New Caledonian crows and others within the family have been studied more closely. Corvids have shown amazing cognitive （认矢口的）abilities. Unlike humans, corvids do not have a neocortex-a brain structur

38、e that allows for advanced cognitive development. Instead, their brains are filled with neurons （神经元）which have enabled the birds to have similar mental capacities.According to a paper published earlier this year, New Caledonians are fastidious about the type of plant stem （茎） used to make their hoo

39、ked tools and are able to figure out what the best plant stem is for them. They are capable of looking for that plant stem even when it is disguised （伪装）with leaves from a different plant species. Crows are also able to apply their abilities to advanced problem-solving. Through only learning individ

40、ual steps of a challenge, a crow successfully solved it by arranging the steps in the correct order. This shows the birds ability to make judgements through context. Crows also seem to use their cleverness for fun, much like humans do, as young birds love to play.New Caledonian crows have emotions a

41、nd memories and are cognitively skilled animals. They just might not be so different from us humans after all!46. How did Betty surprise the scientists?A. She made a hooked tool.B. She escaped from her cage.C. She managed to lift a heavy container.D. She showed great interest in a pigs heart.47. Wha

42、t do we know about New Caledonian crows?A. They remain unknown to humans.B. They are quite different from other corvids.C. Their brain structure is similar to that of humans.D. Their cognitive abilities are decided by neurons.48. What does the underlined word fastidious“ in paragraph 4 mean?A Guilty

43、.B. Hesitant.C. Picky.D. Curious.49. According to the passage, crows have some mental abilities which are similar to humans including.A. distinguishing and memoriescognition and languageB. emotions and disguisejudgement and disguise50. What is the text mainly about?A. The intelligence of crows.B. Th

44、e survival skills of crows.C. The development of the crow family.D. The emotions and memories of crows.【答案】46.A47. D 48. C 49. A 50. A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发现乌鸦比我们想象的要聪明得多，可能也更接近于人类。 【46题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的 “In 2002, a crow named Betty wowed Oxford University scientists by picking up a piece of wire

45、in her cage and bending it at one end using another object to shape the wire into a hooked （钩状的）tool. （2002年，一只名叫贝蒂的乌鸦在笼子里捡起一根电线，用另一个物体将电线弯曲成钩状工具，这让牛津大 学的科学家们大吃一惊）”可知，乌鸦贝蒂做了一个钩状工具，这让科学家们感到惊讶。故选A项。【47题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的 “Corvids have shown amazing cognitive （认知的）abilities. Unlike humans, corvids do not

46、have a neocortex-a brain structure that allows for advanced cognitive development. Instead, their brains are filled with neurons （神经元）which have enabled the birds to have similar mental capacities.（新喀里多尼亚乌鸦显 示出惊人的认知能力。与人类不同，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦没有新皮质一一一种允许高级认知发展的大脑结构。 取而代之的是，它们的大脑中充满了神经元，这些神经元使乌鸦具有与人类相似的心智能力）”可知

47、，新喀 里多尼亚乌鸦的认知能力由神经元决定。故选D项。【48题详解】词句猜测题。由第四段中的 u According to a p叩er published earlier this year, New Caledonians are fastidious about the type of plant stem （茎）used to make their hooked tools and are able to figure out what the best plant stem is for them. They are capable of looking for that plant

48、 stem even when it is disguised （伪装）with leaves from a different plant species.（根据今年早些时候发表的一篇论文，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦对用来制作钩状工具的植物茎的类型 很fastidious,并且能够找出对它们来说最好的植物茎。它们有能力寻找植物茎，即使植物茎被不同植物品 种的叶子掩盖）”可知，新喀里多尼亚乌鸦只选择最好的植物茎，即使植物茎被不同植物品种的叶子掩盖起 来，它们也要最好的植物茎，说明它们在选择植物茎时是很挑剔的,fastidious在此处意为“挑易U的（Picky）”。 故选C项。【49题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的 “They are capable of looking for that plant stem even when it is disguised （伪装）with leaves from a different plant species.（它们有能力寻找植物茎，即使植物茎被不同植物品种的叶子掩盖）”可知， 即使植物茎被不同植物品种的叶子掩盖起来，乌鸦也能选择最好的植物茎，说明它们有辨别能力；再结合 最后段中的 “New Caled