2020-2021学年高一下学期英语牛津译林版(2020)必修第三册-unit-2语法---不定式课件.pptx

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1、Unit 2 Grammar and usageTo-infinitives To-infinitives as attributives and adverbials of resultas attributives and adverbials of result不定式作定语不定式作定语不定式作状语不定式作状语不定式作主语不定式作主语 (To-infinitives as subjects)(To-infinitives as adverbials)(To-infinitives as attributives)不定式作宾语及宾补不定式作宾语及宾补(To-infinitives as ob

2、jects&OCs)不定式作表语不定式作表语 (To-infinitives as pridictivs)01This company refused to cooperate with us.复合句不定式作宾语及宾补不定式作宾语及宾补A.跟在一些动词后作宾语，如afford,aim,promise,refuse,decide等词。作宾语作宾语B.当不定式（短语）在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是位于句尾的不定式（短语），常见动词有find,think,make,consider,feel,suppose等。He makes it

3、a rule never to borrow money.01I wonder who to invite (=who I should invite).复合句不定式作宾语及宾补不定式作宾语及宾补作宾语作宾语C.在一些动词之后，可以在连接代词（what，who，which）或 连 接 副 词（how，when，where）及 连 词whether后面接一个带to的不定式，可将这种结构看成是连接词引导的宾语从句的简略形式。01What caused her to give up her studies?复合句不定式作宾语及宾补不定式作宾语及宾补作宾补作宾补A.表示“指示,愿望,感觉”等的动词(短

4、语)后常用不定式作宾语补足语，如ask，request，invite，force，compel，get，beg，wish，want，intend，expect，encourage，advise，persuade，instruct，allow 等词。01This combination of qualities is generally supposed to be extremely rare.复合句不定式作宾语及宾补不定式作宾语及宾补B.find,declare,suppose,imagine等词后面常跟不定式作为宾语补足语。I have not known anything like th

5、is to happen before.作宾补作宾补作宾语补足语不用to的常见动词：一感(feel),二听(listen to,hear),三让(make,let,have),四看(see,look at,watch,notice)。02?不定式作定语不定式作定语动词不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系，如果该不定式是由不及物动词构成，或者该不定式本身有宾语，其后应有必要的介词。He wants water to drink.She has a child to take care of.There is not a moment to lose.His eagerness to get b

6、ack home was quite obvious.She is always the first to answer questions.He left on a cold morning,without anyone to see him off.03?不定式作状语不定式作状语作目的状语(可位于句首或句尾)I went there to see my teacher.作结果状语(有时可表示意料之外的结果)The box was too heavy to move.?作原因状语He is sad to hear the bad news.04?不定式作主语不定式作主语作主语作主语不定式作主

7、语通常有两种结构：一定种是把不定式to do直接放在句首的位置，另一种是把不定式放在句末，而在句首的主语位置用形式主语it来指代句末的不定式。It is important to keep a healthy lifestyle.To err is human,to forgive,divine.it 作主语常见句式：1.it is+adj/过去分词(for sb/of sb)+to do sth2.it is+名词+to do sth3.it takes time to do sth05?不定式作表语不定式作表语作表语作表语不定式位于系动词后则作句子中的表语成分。The next step

8、is to make sure that you know exactly what is required.常见系动词分类：1.be 动词2.感官动词3.变化保持类动词(keep,stay,remain,become,grow,turn等词)有时不定式作表语可表示被动意义。She is to blame.不定式作定语时与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系不定式作定语时与被修饰词之间的逻辑关系123主谓关系主谓关系(subject-verb)Clint was the second person to survive in the earthquake.动宾关系动宾关系(verb-object)Wise

9、men speak because they have something to say;fools because they have to say something.同位语关系同位语关系(apposition)The need to love and to be loved is universal.Practice makes perfect判断不定式在下列句子中作何成分判断不定式在下列句子中作何成分 1.I went to the annual earthquake workshop to learn some safety tips.2.The authorities told t

10、he local people to stay inside when the typhoon arrived.3.They arrived at the airport only to find the flight had been cancelled due to thesnowstorm.4.Before we returned home,the flood damage needed to be repaired5.This was the last city to be cleared of people before the volcano erupted.1.作目的状语；作目的

11、状语；2.作宾语补足语；作宾语补足语；3.作结果状语；作结果状语；4.作宾语；作宾语；5.作定语作定语 根据汉语意思提示完成下列句子根据汉语意思提示完成下列句子 1.不要逃避问题，要想成功，你得学会应对难题。Dont avoid the problem._,you have to rise to the difficulties.2.我匆忙赶到家，结果发现所有的家具都被洪水冲走了。I hurried home,_ had been washed away by the flood.3.这箱子太沉了，我挪都挪不动。This box is too heavy _.1.To succeed；2.on

12、ly to find all my furniture；3.for me to move it按要求改写下列句子按要求改写下列句子 1.We cannot stop natural disasters but we can arm ourselves with knowledge.In this way,we can make full preparations for disasters.(用不定式作状语)_We cannot stop natural disasters but we can arm ourselves with knowledge(so as)to make full p

13、reparations for disasters.2.The kids were very calm.They can protect themselves during the earthquake.(用不定式作状语)_The kids were calm enough to protect themselves during the earthquake.用不定式作状语改写下列句子用不定式作状语改写下列句子 3.Follow the proper safety procedures so that you can protect yourself from a typhoon.(用不定式作状语)_4.You should prepare at least three days of food and drinking water.(用不定式作定语)_To protect yourself from a typhoon,follow the proper safety procedures.You should prepare food and drinking water to last at least three days.Thank you