高中英语必修一unit4黑体单词及短语讲解.ppt

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1、Unit 4Words and Expressions1.right away 立刻；马上立刻；马上例句：警察马上就要来了。例句：警察马上就要来了。The police will be here right away.at once 立刻；马上立刻；马上 right now 现在；立刻现在；立刻 immediately adv.立刻；马上立刻；马上2.burst vi.(burst-burst-burst)爆裂；爆发爆裂；爆发burst in/into a door/room/building 突然进入门突然进入门/房间房间/大楼大楼 他没有敲门就突然进入房间他没有敲门就突然进入房间.He b

2、urst into the room without knocking at the door.burst into sth.=burst out doing 突然突然起来起来 The plane crashed and burst into flames.飞机坠毁起火了飞机坠毁起火了.All of them burst out laughing/crying/singing.他们全都突然笑起来他们全都突然笑起来/哭起来哭起来/唱起来唱起来.=All of them burst into laughter/tears/songs.burst out+v-ing :suddenly begin

3、doing sth扩展扩展:burst into leafburs into flower长出叶子长出叶子开花开花n.a burst of.一阵一阵.a burst of laughter/thunder/applause(欢呼）欢呼）It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。世界似乎到了末日。3.as if=as though 好像好像 She spoke to me as if she knew me.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我 似的。似的。1)虚拟语气（说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）虚拟语气（

4、说话者主观想象或夸大的比喻）与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去式与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去式 与过去事实相反，从句要用完成式与过去事实相反，从句要用完成式 When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it were broken 当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。当铅笔一部分放进水里，看起来好像折断了似的。as if 后的从句可用两种语气后的从句可用两种语气2)陈述语气陈述语气,时态一致时态一致It looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。看样子天要下雨了。(陈述语气陈述语

5、气)（是事实或可能性很大）（是事实或可能性很大）他吓得直打哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。他吓得直打哆嗦，就好像看见了鬼一样。He was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost.4.at an end=finished 结束，终结（作表语）结束，终结（作表语）We were very happy when the work was at an end.Compare:at the end of by the end of in the endat the end of“在在尽头；在尽头；在末末”by the end of “到到/截止截止末末”；

6、主句一般用完成时主句一般用完成时in the end 意思意思“最后、终于最后、终于”=at last/finally Wash your hands _ the experiment.How many English words had you learned _ last term?He tried various jobs and _ became a teacher.at the end ofby the end ofin the endbring/put an end to 使终止使终止come to an end 结束结束end up with 以以.而告终而告终其他词组：其他词组

7、：The job came to an end last month.她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。她的忽然来到使他们的会议终止了。Her sudden arrival put an end to their meeting.在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道在宴会上，开始的一道菜通常是汤，最后的一道是水果。是水果。At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with fruit.5.ruin n.废墟；毁灭废墟；毁灭6.例句：我们看到了那座教堂的废墟。例句：我们看到了那座教堂的废墟。7.We saw the ruins o

8、f the church.8.Vt.毁灭；使破坏毁灭；使破坏9.暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。10.The storm ruined the crops.in ruins 荒芜的荒芜的,成为废墟成为废墟 一般用作表语或状语一般用作表语或状语lie/be in ruins 成为废墟成为废墟An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins.6.injure vt.损害；伤害损害；伤害 他打篮球时膝盖受伤了。他打篮球时膝盖受伤了。He injured his knee when(he was)playing ba

9、sketball.撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。Three people were killed and five injured in the crash.injury n.损害；伤害损害；伤害 injured adj.受伤的受伤的7.destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭破坏；毁坏；消灭 这场火灾毁坏了整个森林。这场火灾毁坏了整个森林。The fire destroyed the whole forest.他所有的希望都破灭了。他所有的希望都破灭了。All his hopes were destroyed.The storm _ buildings and

10、 crops.（毁灭）（毁灭）destroyed8.shock n.休克；震惊；打击休克；震惊；打击 例句：他的突然去世对他的家庭来说是个沉重例句：他的突然去世对他的家庭来说是个沉重的打击。的打击。His sudden death was a great shock to his family.vt.使震惊使震惊 使震动使震动be shocked at 对对感到震惊感到震惊People _ (shock).我们对这个消息感到震惊。我们对这个消息感到震惊。were shockedWe _ the news.were shocked at The news is _(shock)shocking

11、表示情感的动词表示情感的动词 excite,surprise,interest,bore,move,shock,disappoint,satisfy,(惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动，惊讶，兴趣，乏味，感动，失望失望，满意），满意）变为形容词时可加变为形容词时可加ing(指物）或加指物）或加ed(指人）指人）9.rescue n.搭救；解救搭救；解救;营救营救The rescue team reached the mines at once after the accident happened.v.解救；救出；营救解救；救出；营救He rescued the man from drowning.re

12、scue workers=rescuers e/go to ones rescue来援救某人来援救某人We _（来救他）（来救他）and pulled him out of the lake.came to his rescue10.trap Vt.使陷入困境；使陷入圈套使陷入困境；使陷入圈套 be trapped in 被困于被困于例句：他们被困于着火的楼里。例句：他们被困于着火的楼里。They are trapped in the burning building.trap sb.into（doing）sth.诱使某人做某事诱使某人做某事例句：警察设圈套使他招供。例句：警察设圈套使他招供。

13、The police trapped him into a confession.n.圈套圈套 设圈套，设陷阱设圈套，设陷阱 set a trap The hunter set a trap to catch foxes.11.dig out 掘出；发现掘出；发现 他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。They dug out an old vase.我设法探出真相。我设法探出真相。I tried to dig out the truth.dig into 挖掘挖掘dig up 找出；查明找出；查明8.buryvt.埋葬埋葬;葬葬 The boy buried the dead bird

14、 in the backyard.男男孩们把死鸟埋在后院。孩们把死鸟埋在后院。vt.使沉浸（或专心于）使沉浸（或专心于）be buried in=bury oneself in埋头于埋头于;专心于专心于 be buried in thought 沉思沉思 bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习埋头研究；专心学习22.表示许多的短语及用法表示许多的短语及用法只接可数名词的有：只接可数名词的有：a large/great number of a good/great many只接不可数名词的有：只接不可数名词的有：a great deal of a large amount of既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词的有：既可接可数名词又可接不可数名词的有：a lot of，lots of，plenty of，a large/great quantity of