高中英语人教新课标必修五unit5-单词讲解.ppt

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1、Unit 5 First AidPart 1Words and expressions aid aid:n.&vt.帮助；援助；资助 典例 1)They aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。2)They aided in solving the problem.他们帮忙解决这个问题。3)A dictionary is an important aid for many language learners.字典对于许多语言学习者来说是个很重要的工具。重点用法 do/give/offer first aid进行急救 aid sb.in(doing)sth.在方面帮助某人

2、 in aid of为了援助;作为援助之用 with the aid of借助于,通过.的帮助 call in sbs aid请某人援助 练习练习 汉译英汉译英 1)老师借助电脑上课老师借助电脑上课.2)Teachers often give their lessons with the aid of computer.3)2)他募资为了帮助穷人他募资为了帮助穷人.4)He raised money in aid of the poor.3)她的亲戚帮助她继续她的学业她的亲戚帮助她继续她的学业.Her relatives aided her in study/to continue her s

3、tudy.tissuetissue n.U(生理)组织;C纸巾,手巾纸 典例 the muscular tissue肌肉组织 a box of tissues 一盒纸巾 Her whole story was a tissue of lies.她的整个故事是一套谎言。squeezesqueeze vt.&vi.榨；挤；压榨 典例典例 squeeze juice from an orange榨桔子汁 squeeze oneself into a crowded bus挤入拥挤的公共汽车 squeeze through the crowd挤过人群 练习练习 汉译英汉译英 1)失散多时的母女挤过人群

4、紧紧抱在一起。2)The separated mother and daughter squeezed through the crowd and hugged together.3)2)小偷挤入拥挤的公共汽车寻找作案机会。4)The thief squeezed himself into a bus to seek the chance of stealing.injury(c./u.)n(身体;感情;名誉)injure(v.)injurious(to)(adj)be an injury to 伤害.,危害.,对.有害do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害

5、某人to suffer injuries to the head 头部受伤a leg injury一处腿伤 add insult to injury 落井下石an injury to ones reputation损毁 的名誉 sprain n.扭伤扭伤 vt.扭伤扭伤,损伤损伤 I sprained my ankle/wrist when I fell.我跌倒时扭伤了踝骨我跌倒时扭伤了踝骨/手腕。手腕。He got a foot sprain in his ankle.他脚踝受了严重的扭伤。他脚踝受了严重的扭伤。choke choke vi.&vt.vt.呛；使窒息；阻塞；抑制；扑灭 vi.

6、窒息；阻塞；说不出话来 choke sb.to death 使窒息死亡，掐死 choke on a fish 鱼刺卡在喉咙里 choke with anger 气得说不出话来 choke(hold)back ones tears 忍住泪水 choke ones feelings 抑制感情The smoke almost choked me.烟呛得我几乎喘不出气来The streets in the centre of the city were choked up with traffic.市中心的街道被车辆 堵塞了.essential adj.basic,necessary essentia

7、ls n.(pl.)必需品必需品;要素要素,要点要点 Food is essential to life.食物是维持生命不可或缺的食物是维持生命不可或缺的 Personal space is essential for healthy living.(拥有）个人空间是健康生活所必需的。拥有）个人空间是健康生活所必需的。the essentials of grammar 语法要点语法要点 organ n.器官器官 The eyes are the organs of sight.眼睛是视觉器官眼睛是视觉器官.The liver is an organ and so is the heart.肝脏

8、是一个器官肝脏是一个器官,心脏也是。心脏也是。state organs 国家机构国家机构 organic adj.器官的器官的,有机的有机的,组织的组织的 organic vegetables 有机肥料灌溉的蔬菜有机肥料灌溉的蔬菜layer:a depth or level 深度或层次深度或层次 a poem with several layers of meaning.有多层含义的诗歌有多层含义的诗歌 a layer of dust on the windowsill 窗台上的一层灰尘窗台上的一层灰尘 a cake with four layers 四层蛋糕四层蛋糕heal vt.,vi.治

9、愈（伤口）；使复原治愈（伤口）；使复原 heal sb.Of sth He was healed of his sickness.他病已痊愈。他病已痊愈。Time heals all sorrows.时间会治愈一切忧伤。时间会治愈一切忧伤。treat“治疗治疗”，着重强调过程，不涉及结果，着重强调过程，不涉及结果，不一定治愈。不一定治愈。heal 多用于治疗外伤。多用于治疗外伤。cure“治愈治愈”，强调结果。，强调结果。swell vi.&vt.(swelled,swelled/swollen)Her leg has swollen badlyThe wind swelled the sai

10、ls.风鼓起了帆。风鼓起了帆。The heavy rain swelled the river大雨使河水上涨了。大雨使河水上涨了。swollen 可作形容词，表示可作形容词，表示“肿胀的肿胀的”Her eyes were red and swollen with weeping.Have a swelled/swollen head(指因突然成功指因突然成功)冲昏头脑冲昏头脑nerve n.神经神经,勇气；魄力；胆量勇气；魄力；胆量 a man of nerve 勇敢的人勇敢的人,有勇气的人有勇气的人 (pl)神经质；神经过敏神经质；神经过敏 She gets nerves before ev

11、ery examination.每次考试前她都很紧张。每次考试前她都很紧张。Get on sbs nerves刺激或烦扰某人刺激或烦扰某人jewelry 和和jewel 的辨析：的辨析：两者均有两者均有“珍宝首饰珍宝首饰”之意，之意，jewelry 为集体名词，为集体名词，不可数；不可数；jewel 为可数名词为可数名词squeeze out 榨出，榨出，挤出挤出他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。他们被年轻人挤出了就业市场。They have been squeezed out of the job market by young people.squeeze money from sb 向某人勒索

12、钱财向某人勒索钱财squeeze money out of sb那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。那个年轻人经常向那个小学生勒索钱财。The young man often squeezes money from/out of the pupil.In place 在适当的位置，在适当的位置，适当适当 out of place 不在适当的位置，不在适当的位置，不适当不适当 in place of 代替代替 take the place of 代替代替present 1)vt.给；介绍；赠送；呈现 2)2)n.赠品,礼物,现在3)3)adj.现在的,出席的,当面的 4)典例典例 5)A ser

13、ies of famous plays will be present during the Spring Festival.6)春节期间将上演一系列好戏。7)2)Thirty guests were present at the ceremony.8)有三十位客人出席这次典礼。9)3)The guests present were very satisfied with the atmosphere of the party.到场的宾客都对晚会的气氛表示满意。10)4)Presents will be sent for customers along with the electrical

14、appliance.买家电付送礼物。重点用法 present sth.to sb.把送给 present sb.with sth.为某人颁发 at present/at the present time现在,此刻 for the present目前,暂时 represent vt.表现,描绘,声称,象征,扮演,再赠送,再上演representation n.表示法,表现,陈述,扮演representative n.代表adj.典型的,有代表性的练习练习 汉译英汉译英 1)当航空员返回地面时，少先队员们为他们送上了鲜花。The Young Pioneers presented their flo

15、wers to astronauts when they returned to the Earth2)因为他出色的表现，他获得了一个金茶壶。He was presented with a gold teapot for his outstanding performance.3)资金暂时是足够的.The fund is enough for the present.stab v.刺；刺伤；戳；刺穿；直入 He stabbed the woman with a knife and she died.他用小刀把这位妇女刺死了a stab(stab sb.)in the back 暗箭伤人,背后中

16、伤bruise 擦伤；打伤；使成瘀伤擦伤；打伤；使成瘀伤 She bruised her knee.她的膝盖擦伤了。擦伤（水果、植物等）；碰损擦伤（水果、植物等）；碰损 Soft fruit bruises easily.细嫩的水果容易碰损authentic adj.真实的；真正的；可信的 典例典例 authentic news可靠的消息 an authentic signature真实手迹签字 authentic document真实的文件 练习练习 汉译英汉译英 1)为解救其他人的性命，他得寻找一个可靠的人将消息带出去。To save others lives,he had to look for an authentic person to send out the message.2）使用信用卡时，人们需要亲笔签名。People should sign down their authentic signature when using credit card.