高考专题之形容词和副词.ppt

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1、 语篇填空语篇填空 I dont think it 1 _(difficulty)to learn English well,because as long as you work hard,you can learn it well.I believe that the 2 _(hard)you work at your study,the better you can learn it.For example,Li Ping,a friend of 3 _,is the 4 _hardworking student in our class,and he gets 5 _(high)mar

2、ks than any other student in our class in every English test.difficult harder mine most higher 6 _(lead)by him,all the students in our class are studying English 7 _ _(越来越努力越来越努力).As a result,in the latest English test,our class was the 8 _(good)of the two key classes in our school,and the number of

3、 students who got excellent marks is 9 _ _(两倍大两倍大)that of the other.Therefore,10 _ of us should study hard no matter what we learn.Led harderand harder better twice aslarge as/twice larger than all 链接高考链接高考 1.形容词和副词是语法填空的必考点。形容词和副词是语法填空的必考点。主要以主要以“用括号中所给词的正确形式填用括号中所给词的正确形式填空空”的形式考查考生。的形式考查考生。形容词是作定语

4、、表语、补语的典型形容词是作定语、表语、补语的典型词类。因此，在做语法填空时，词类。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子若句子缺定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形缺定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词。容词。副词在句中副词在句中作状语作状语，修饰动词、形容，修饰动词、形容词、另一副词、介词短语或整个句子。词、另一副词、介词短语或整个句子。形容词和副词的比较等级的形容词和副词的比较等级的常用句型常用句型。2.短文改错中，本该用形容词时却用了短文改错中，本该用形容词时却用了副词或本该用副词却用了形容词。副词或本该用副词却用了形容词。不论语法填空还是短文改错，都要不论语法填空还是短文改错，都要根据形容词和副词

5、的基本用法判断。根据形容词和副词的基本用法判断。形容词&副词*形容词表示某一事物的特征事物的特征,副词表示某一动作的特征动作的特征.*形容词和副词只有两种形式：原形原形和和+er.形容词形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容词分成性质形容词性质形容词和叙述形容词叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语.例如：hotwater热水.Itishot.makeithot2)叙述形容词只能作表语作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰.大

6、多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类.例如：afraid害怕的.(错)He is an ill man.(对)The man is ill.(错)She is an afraid girl.(对)The girl is afraid.这类词还有：well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake等.*形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边.但是如果形容词修饰以-thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后。副词副词副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。一、副词的位置：1）在实义动词前后.2）在be动词、助动词之后.3）多个

7、助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后.注意：a.大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡.Wecouldseeveryclearlyastrangelightaheadofus.b.方式副词well,badly糟、坏,hard等只放在句尾.HespeaksEnglishwell.二、副词的排列顺序：1）时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后.2）方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接.Pleasewriteslowlyandcarefully.3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词.注意：副词very可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词.程度副词

8、：fairly,pretty,rather,quite,very,much,too,greatly,almost,nearly,half,highly,awfully,deeply,partly,perfectly,really地点副词：here,there,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,abroad,elsewhere方式副词：carefully,happily,quietly,heavily,warmly,correctly,politely,angrily时间副词：today,yesterda

9、y,tomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thedayaftertomorrw,lastyear,now,then,oneyearago,soon,still,already,ever,nowandthen.形容词变副词通常是加形容词变副词通常是加ly,ly,其变化有规律其变化有规律可循可循,请记住以下口诀：请记住以下口诀：一般直接加，一般直接加，“元元e e”去去e e加，加，“辅辅y y”改改i i加，加，“lele”结尾结尾e e改改y y。分别举例如下：分别举例如下：quick-quickly;quick-quickly;true-truly;true-trul

10、y;happy-happily;happy-happily;pssible-possiblypssible-possibly.形容词变副词的一般规则形容词变副词的一般规则具体规则如下：具体规则如下：1.一般情况下直接加一般情况下直接加“ly”，如：，如：quick-quickly;polite-politely;sad-sadly;imediate-immediately;recent-recently2.少数以少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加再加-ly。如：true-truly;due-duly绝大多数辅音字母加绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加结尾的形容词直接加-

11、ly。如：polite-politely;wide-widely;wise-wisely;nice-nicely3.以以“y”结尾的，且读音为结尾的，且读音为/i/，先将先将“y”改成改成“i”，再加，再加“ly”，如：，如：happy-happily;heavy-heavily;angry-angrily;busy-busily;但是如果读音为但是如果读音为/ai/，直接加直接加ly，如：，如：dry-dryly;sly-slyly;shy-shyly4.以以ic结尾的词，加结尾的词，加ally，如：，如：economic-economically;basic-basically;scien

12、tific-scientifically;automatic-automatically;energetic-energetically;但是public-publicly例外。5.以辅音字母加以辅音字母加le结尾时结尾时,去去e加加y，如：，如：simple-simply;considerable-considerably;terrible-terriblygentle-gently;possible-possibly;probable-probably;incredible-incredibly元音字母加元音字母加le时加时加ly，如：，如：sole-solely。但是但是whole-wh

13、olly例外例外。6.以以-ll结尾时，只须加结尾时，只须加y，如：，如：dull-dully;shrill-shrilly需注意需注意:有些以有些以ly结尾的词是形容词而非结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如：副词。如：friendlypeople;motherlycare;lovelydog;monthlyexam;heavenlypeace即学即用即学即用 一、单句填空一、单句填空 1.You are driving too fast.Can you drive a bit _(slowly)?现在太快，问对方能否比现在更慢一点，现在太快，问对方能否比现在更慢一点，用比较级；由形容词加用比较级；

14、由形容词加-ly变成的副词的变成的副词的比较级，要在前面加比较级，要在前面加more构成比较级。构成比较级。常修饰比较级的常修饰比较级的a bit也提醒我们用比较也提醒我们用比较级。级。more slowly2.Those who have _(much)money than sense may sometimes act foolishly.由关键词由关键词than可知用比较级。可知用比较级。3.Ten years ago the population of our village was twice as _(large)as that of theirs.在在asas结构之间，用原级。结

15、构之间，用原级。morelarge4.The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here _(early).与现在这组学生相比与现在这组学生相比“更早的更早的”。5.The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted _ (good)if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.将将“放入冰箱中冷冻放入冰箱中冷冻”与与“不放入冰箱不放入冰箱中冷冻中冷冻”作比较，故用比较

16、级。作比较，故用比较级。earlierbetter6.Speaking of all the songs he has written,I think this is probably his _(well-known)one.因为是从他写的所有歌中选出一首来比因为是从他写的所有歌中选出一首来比较，故用最高级。较，故用最高级。7.Of the two coats,Id choose the _(cheap)one to spare some money for a book.因是两者比较，故用比较级。因是两者比较，故用比较级。best-knowncheaper8.Work gets done

17、_(easily)when people do it together,and the rewards are higher too.从从and the rewards are higher too(得到的得到的回报也更高回报也更高)得到启示，要用比较级，省得到启示，要用比较级，省略了略了than when people dont do it together。more easily9.This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses _(little)water and electricity than _(ol

18、d)models.由由“environmentally friendly(有利于保护有利于保护环境的环境的)”可知，这种洗衣机比可知，这种洗衣机比“旧式的旧式的”洗洗衣机用衣机用“更少的更少的”水和电。水和电。10.I dont think this film is by far the most boring.I have seen _(bad).意思是意思是“我看过我看过(比这部比这部)更差的电影更差的电影”。worse less older 单句改错单句改错 1.Different people have different attitudes to the value of hones

19、ty.According to me,nothing could be important.在在be后加后加more 比较级表示最高级，句意：比较级表示最高级，句意：没有什么比诚实更重要。没有什么比诚实更重要。more2.Although he was seriously injured in the devastating earthquake,he recovered more faster than anyone else in Wenchuan Red Cross Hospital.去掉去掉faster前的前的more 因因faster已经是比已经是比较级了。较级了。3.My belo

20、ved mother bought some articles of furniture in the second hand market at an extremely low price,but they all look well.well good 因因look系动词后面接形容系动词后面接形容词，词，well作形容词时意思是作形容词时意思是“身体好的身体好的”。4.Fast&Furious 7 is by far the exciting film that I have ever seen.在在the后加后加most 由由by far和和that I have ever seen

21、可得知要用最高级。可得知要用最高级。5.In spite of the fact that he got the task in the last minute,he accomplished it as better as others.better well 在在asas中间用形容词或副中间用形容词或副词的原形。词的原形。most6.The number of tourists paying a visit to Tai Mountain was small last year,but there seems to be even few tourists around this year

22、.few fewer 今年甚至更少，填今年甚至更少，填fewer。7.In the distance appeared a figure who I thought was professor Wang.However,when he came close to me,I found he was professor Li.close closer 指走得指走得“更近更近”。8.If they had got to the station five minutes early,they would have caught the first train bound for Panyu Squa

23、re.early earlier 如果是早到五分钟，就赶上如果是早到五分钟，就赶上了。了。9.I cant understand what you said just now.Can you speak a bit slowly?在在slowly前加前加more 请对方说得比之前请对方说得比之前说的要说的要“更慢更慢”一点。一点。10.Of all the participants,Martha Berry works hard.hard hardest 由由Of all可知，后面应可知，后面应用最高级。用最高级。11.He is a heavily smoker.heavily heavy

24、在名词在名词smoker前作定语，前作定语，用形容词。用形容词。12.She looks happily.happily happy 在系动词在系动词looks后作表后作表语，用形容词。语，用形容词。13.I find it easily to get on with her.easily easy 作宾补用形容词。作宾补用形容词。14.You must work much more careful.careful carefully 修饰动词作状语，修饰动词作状语，用副词。用副词。15.Being a student，he was natural interested in museums.

25、natural naturally 修饰形容词修饰形容词interested,用副词。用副词。16.All of them are working extreme well.extreme extremely 修饰副词修饰副词well，用，用副词。副词。17.Hopeful,well meet again on Thursday.Hopeful Hopefully 修饰全句，用副词。修饰全句，用副词。18.He is bad in need of money.bad badly 修饰介词短语修饰介词短语in need of，用，用副词。副词。熟读深思 1.朗读下列句子，看看形容词可作哪些朗读下

26、列句子，看看形容词可作哪些成分。成分。Abraham Lincoln was a self-made man.林肯是一个自学成才的人。林肯是一个自学成才的人。He was so tired that he fell asleep sitting in his chair.他太累了，坐在椅子他太累了，坐在椅子上睡着了。上睡着了。Martin found the work slightly dull.马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。我有重要的事情要告诉你。2.看看副词在句中

27、作状语，可修饰哪看看副词在句中作状语，可修饰哪些词。些词。He said quite positively that he would come.他很肯定地说他会来。他很肯定地说他会来。Its simply wonderful to see you！看到你太好了！看到你太好了！I heard pretty clearly then.我当时我当时听得相当清楚。听得相当清楚。Your coat is just behind the door.你的上衣正好在门后面。你的上衣正好在门后面。Frankly，I am not satisfied with your work.坦白说，我对你的工作不满意。坦

28、白说，我对你的工作不满意。自我核对：自我核对：1.定语定语 表语表语 宾补宾补 后置定语后置定语 2.修饰动词修饰动词 修饰形容词修饰形容词 修饰另修饰另一副词一副词 修饰介词短语修饰介词短语 修饰句子修饰句子 本文论述了只要努力学习就能学好本文论述了只要努力学习就能学好的观点。的观点。1.difficult 作宾补要用形容词。作宾补要用形容词。2.harder 是是“the+比较级，比较级，the+比较级比较级”句型，表示句型，表示“越越就越就越”。3.mine 指指my friends。4.most 因有因有in our class表示范围，要用表示范围，要用最高级。最高级。5.highe

29、r 由由than可知要用比较级，本句可知要用比较级，本句是用比较级表示最高级的句型。是用比较级表示最高级的句型。6.Led“在他的带领下在他的带领下”，用，用-ed形式作状形式作状语，表示原因。语，表示原因。7.harder and harder 表示表示“越来越越来越”，用用“比较级比较级+比较级比较级”。8.better 表示表示“两者中较两者中较的那一个的那一个”，用，用 the+比较级比较级+of the two。9.twice as large as/twice larger than 倍倍数表达法。数表达法。10.all 指指“我们所有的人我们所有的人”都应努力学习。都应努力学习。