高考英语二轮复习语法系统讲解课件：代词.ppt

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1、高考二轮复习高考二轮复习高考二轮复习高考二轮复习语法系统讲解语法系统讲解语法系统讲解语法系统讲解三、三、三、三、代词代词代词代词一、人称代词一、人称代词.人称代词的人称代词的主格作主语主格作主语，宾格作宾语、宾格作宾语、表语和介词宾语表语和介词宾语。E.g:They are our close friends.Jim told us to leave him alone.-Who is knocking at the door?-Its me.I will go with her.Dont place so much pressure on us.2.在在than引起的从句中，引起的从句中，如

2、不跟其他词，如不跟其他词，常可用人称代词的宾格常可用人称代词的宾格,如跟其他词如跟其他词,则必则必须用人称代词的主格须用人称代词的主格 eg:He is more intelligent than her/she(is).Lucy works harder than me/I(do).3.在电话用语中常用主格。在电话用语中常用主格。eg:-I wish to speak to Mary.-This is she.4.在在简短对话简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或中，当人称代词单独使用或在在not 后多用宾格。后多用宾格。eg:-Have more wine?-Not me.-I like Eng

3、lish.-Me too.5.在介词在介词but,except后后,有时可用主格也有时可用主格也可用宾格。可用宾格。eg:Nobody knows him except I/me.二、物主代词二、物主代词1.形容词性的物主代词只作定语形容词性的物主代词只作定语,也就是也就是一定要名词一定要名词 my our your his her theirEg:Their parents are workers.2.名词性的物主代词名词性的物主代词可作主语、宾语、表可作主语、宾语、表语和与语和与of连用作定语。连用作定语。mine ours yours his hers theirsIt is not o

4、ur classroom.Ours is on the second floor.She didnt bring her pen,so I gave her mine.1._classroom is on the second floor.(A.Our,B.We,C.Ours)2.Please return _books in time.(A.they,B.their,C.theirs)3.This is not_ book._ is on the desk.A.your,Yours B.yours,Your;C.you;Yours4.Our room is over _.(A.your B

5、yours C.you)5.A friend of _ will come to see me.A.me B.I C.my D.mineABABD3.在汉语中，在汉语中，“我的我的”，“你的你的”这类词这类词有时可以省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省有时可以省掉，英语中物主代词一般不省掉。掉。eg:Hand in your exercise-books,please.He picked up his cap and left the room.Dont put your hands in your pockets.do ones homeworkin ones spare timein ones t

6、wenties三、反身代词三、反身代词myself ourselves yourself yourselves himself herself themselves1.一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人时，一般情况下，主语和宾语是同一人时，宾语用反身代词宾语用反身代词Eg:I teach myself English.He bought himself a car.2.反身代词常和某些动词连用。反身代词常和某些动词连用。be oneself 处于正常状态，显得处于正常状态，显得自然自然enjoy oneselfhelp oneself to随便吃用随便吃用come to oneself苏醒苏醒ma

7、ke oneself at home别客气别客气dress oneself in=be dressed inseat oneself=be seateddevote oneself to=be devoted to专专心于；忠诚于；孝顺；献身于心于；忠诚于；孝顺；献身于3.用于某些固定短语。用于某些固定短语。by oneself:自己一个人干（不要别人帮助），自己一个人干（不要别人帮助），for oneself:替自己，替自己，为自己为自己 in oneself:本身本身 between ourselves:私下说的话（不可告诉私下说的话（不可告诉别人）别人）to oneself:供自己用供自

8、己用I can do it by myself.She bought a dress for herself.This is not a bad idea in itself.All this is between ourselves.She had a room to herself.I havent been myself for weeks.指示代词指示代词this/these;that/those1.that指前面说的话指前面说的话,this指后面要说的指后面要说的话话That is the story he told me.Listen!This is the story I wan

9、t to tell you.2.当前面出现两个名词时，当前面出现两个名词时，that指代前面指代前面的名词，的名词，this指代后面的名词指代后面的名词Health is above wealth.This cannot give as much happiness as that.3.在在比较句型比较句型中中,that/those常用来代表前常用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词；如果这面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词；如果这个名词是单数可数名词，用个名词是单数可数名词，用the one的时候更的时候更多一些。多一些。eg:These machines are better than

10、those we turned out last year.The oil output in 2001 was much higher than that of 1986.My room was brighter than the one next door.The weather of Australia is quite different from that of China.4.This 4.This 和和和和that that 有时还可以用来表示程度有时还可以用来表示程度有时还可以用来表示程度有时还可以用来表示程度,译成译成译成译成“这么；那么这么；那么这么；那么这么；那么”eg:

11、I only haveeg:I only have thisthis much.Is it enough?much.Is it enough?I never thought an opera can be I never thought an opera can be thatthat interesting.interesting.3.3.That That 的的的的 其它一些词组其它一些词组其它一些词组其它一些词组.1.like that 1.like that 这样这样这样这样 eg:Doneg:Don t do it like that.t do it like that.2.that

12、 is(to say).2.that is(to say).也就是说也就是说也就是说也就是说 eg:Weeg:We ll have summer holiday this day next ll have summer holiday this day next week,that is(to say),next Thursday.week,that is(to say),next Thursday.3.that3.that s all s all 就这些就这些就这些就这些 eg:Just doneg:Just don t do it again,thatt do it again,that

13、s all.s all.4.4.now(that)now(that)既然既然既然既然eg:Now that dinner is ready,wash your eg:Now that dinner is ready,wash your hands.hands.不定代词不定代词1.other;another;the other;others;the othersother adj一定要名词一定要名词another adj/n与与单数名词单数名词一起用，或一起用，或单独用单独用the other n特指特指两者中两者中的另一个的另一个others n不跟名词，没有范围不跟名词，没有范围the ot

14、hers n不跟名词，特定范围内不跟名词，特定范围内1.We should learn to respect_.2.The students in Group 4 remain in the classroom,_go with me to the garden.3.I dont like these books,can you show me some_?4.Ther are two tickets here.One is for you,_ is for me.5.Besides Jim and Mary,there are ten _ students on the ground.6.A

15、lthough I have had 4 cakes,I am still not full.Can you give me_ one?othersthe othersothersthe otherotheranother句型：句型：1.one the other2.oneoneanother3.oneanotherthe third4.someothersHe has three children.One is a doctor,one is a teacher,another is an engineer.Some students are interested in football,s

16、ome enjoy baseball,others are fond of volleyball.another+number+n=number+more+n表示表示“再，还再，还”Please wait for another five minutes.Please wait for five more minutes.We need another ten people to help us.We need ten more people to help us.2.some;any2.some;any1)some1)some多用于肯定句多用于肯定句多用于肯定句多用于肯定句;any;any多

17、用于否定句，疑问句，多用于否定句，疑问句，多用于否定句，疑问句，多用于否定句，疑问句，条件句中条件句中条件句中条件句中I donI don t like any of the books.t like any of the books.If there is any food left,please give me If there is any food left,please give me some.some.I know some of them,but not all.I know some of them,but not all.）somesome可用于疑问句，表请求或征求意见，常

18、可用于疑问句，表请求或征求意见，常可用于疑问句，表请求或征求意见，常可用于疑问句，表请求或征求意见，常用于以下句型：用于以下句型：用于以下句型：用于以下句型：Can/Could youCan/Could you lend me some books?lend me some books?Will/Would youWill/Would you pass him some water?pass him some water?Would you likeWould you like some drinks?some drinks?May IMay I have some coffee?have s

19、ome coffee?3)some+3)some+单数名词单数名词单数名词单数名词=a certain+n=a certain+n表示表示表示表示“某一某一某一某一”They will not attend the meeting for some They will not attend the meeting for some reason.reason.4)some=about(4)some=about(与数量词连用与数量词连用与数量词连用与数量词连用)This story happened some ten years ago.This story happened some ten

20、years ago.5)any5)any也可用于肯定句，强调（任何一个），多与也可用于肯定句，强调（任何一个），多与也可用于肯定句，强调（任何一个），多与也可用于肯定句，强调（任何一个），多与单数名词连用单数名词连用单数名词连用单数名词连用everyevery强调全部强调全部强调全部强调全部.AnyAny boy can do it.boy can do it.You can take You can take anyany book you like.book you like.-What kind of drinks would you like?-What kind of drinks

21、would you like?-_ will do.-_ will do.If you like,If you like,everythingeverything here is yours.here is yours.Anything3.none:3.none:特指前面提到的名词特指前面提到的名词特指前面提到的名词特指前面提到的名词nothing:nothing:什么也没有什么也没有什么也没有什么也没有nobody/no one:nobody/no one:什么人也没有什么人也没有什么人也没有什么人也没有1.How many 1.How many deerdeer did you see i

22、n the zoo?did you see in the zoo?2.How much 2.How much oiloil remains?remains?3.Do you have any 3.Do you have any penspens here?here?4.Is there any 4.Is there any breadbread in the fridge?in the fridge?5.There are 5.There are many applesmany apples on the desk,but on the desk,but there is_ in the ba

23、sket.there is_ in the basket.6.What6.What s above the the ceiling?s above the the ceiling?7.The room is empty.You can find 7.The room is empty.You can find _ there._ there.8.Who8.Who is in the room?is in the room?9.All people have gone home.You can find 9.All people have gone home.You can find _._.N

24、one.Nothing.nothing/nobodyNo one/Nobody.疑问代词疑问代词1.what,who,whichWhat,who:没有限定范围没有限定范围 Which:在一定范围内进行选择在一定范围内进行选择What sports do you like?Which sport do you like,swimming or skating?Who do you think will win the game?Which do you think will win the game,Lucy or Lily?Ex:1._material should we use for th

25、e house?2.He is studying in Oxford or Cambridge.I dont know _.3.I have tea,coffee and milk here._do you prefer?4._Smith are you looking for,John Smith or Joe Smith?5._are you looking for?You have been wondering here for 2 hours?What whichWhich Which Who one,it,that 1.He has no dictionary,and no mone

26、y to buy one.2.He has a dictionary,but he will not lend it to me.3.I drank some iced water,but it made me sick.4.The air of the country is purer than that of the city.one同类中的任何一个并非同一个。同类中的任何一个并非同一个。it代表代表先前提到的名词，指同一事物。先前提到的名词，指同一事物。that代表前代表前面所提到的名词，但只属于同一类中另外指面所提到的名词，但只属于同一类中另外指定的一个。定的一个。1.I cant f

27、ind my umbrella.I think I must buy _.2.I cant find my umbrella.I dont know where I put _.3.The umbrella you bought is cheaper than _ I bought.oneitthat4.The check is in that drawer the one(that)with the key in the lock.5.The children who do best in exams are not always the ones(those)with the best brains.the one=that the ones=those 特指特指