人教版新目标英语新目标八年级上册复习ppt课件 .ppt

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1、Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?重点单词重点单词重点短语重点短语重点句型重点句型本章语法本章语法重点短语重点短语buysth.forsb./buysb.sth.为某人买某物为某人买某物taste/look/sound/feel/smell+adj.尝尝/看看/听听/摸摸/闻闻/起来起来seem+（tobe）+adj.看起来看起来arrivein+大地点大地点/arriveat+小地点小地点到达某地到达某地nothingbut+动词原形动词原形除了除了之外什么都没之外什么都没有有拓展：拓展：buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.意为意为“给给某人买某物某人买某

2、物”。Myuncle_abike.=Myuncle_forme.boughtmeboughtabikestartdoingsth.开始做某事开始做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事停止做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事不喜欢做某事keepdoingsth.继续做某事继续做某事Whynotdo.sth.?为什么不做为什么不做呢？呢？So+adj.+that+从句如此如此以至于以至于tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人（不要）告诉某人（不要）做某事做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事喜欢做某事haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself=havef

3、un玩得开心玩得开心（+doing）eg:We had a good time visiting the Great Wall.=We _ _ _the the Great Wall.=We _ _ _the Great Wall.enjoyedourselvesvisitinghadfunvisiting1.onvacation度假度假onvacation=onholiday意为“度假度假”2.anythinginteresting一些有趣的东西一些有趣的东西1）something，anything，nothing，everything是指物物的不定代词。somebody，someone，a

4、nybody，anyone，nobody，everybody，everyone是指人人的不定代词。somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点地点的不定代词。语法要点：复合不定代词语法要点：复合不定代词不定代词不定代词some,any,no,every与与-one,-body,-thing构成复合代词。我们称之为复合不定代词。我们称之为复合不定代词。everyanysomenothing everything一切一切anything任何事物任何事物something某物，某事某物，某事nothing没有东西没有东西body everybody每人每人any

5、body任何人任何人somebody某人某人nobody没有人没有人oneeveryone每人每人anyone任何人任何人someone某人某人none没有人没有人2）当形容词形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代词时，放在这些词的后面后面；3）这些不定代词做主语主语时，谓语动词用第三人三人称单数称单数。如：Iseverybodyhere?大家都到齐了吗？something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句肯定句及表示请求或建议请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhe

6、re用于否定句否定句及疑问句疑问句中。如：Didyoudoanythinginteresting?你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问疑问）Whydontyouvisitsomeonewithme?你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议建议）复合不定代词练习复合不定代词练习()1.Imhungry.Iwant_toeat.A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing()2.Doyouhave_tosayforyourself?No,Ihave_tosay.A.something;everythingB.nothing;somethingC.everythin

7、g;anythingD.anything;nothing()3.Whynotask_tohelpyou?A.everyoneB.someoneC.anyoneD.none()4.Everything_ready.Wecanstartnow.A.areB.isC.beD.wereBDBB11.Andbecauseofthebadweather,wecouldntseeanythingbelow.因为坏天气，我们也没能看到下面的任何景色因为坏天气，我们也没能看到下面的任何景色1）辨析）辨析：becauseof与与becausea.becauseof介词短语，意为介词短语，意为“因为，由于因为，由于

8、”，后可接，后可接名词、代词或动名词名词、代词或动名词，不能接句子。，不能接句子。Helosthisjobbecauseofhisage.b.because连词，意为连词，意为“因为因为”，引导状语从，引导状语从句句.Ididntbuytheshirtbecauseitwastooexpensive.1、Markisntcomingtotheconcert_hehastoomuchworktodo.A.becauseofB.soC.butD.because2、Wedidntgothebeach_thebadweather.A.becauseofB.soC.butD.because3、badwe

9、atherhedidntcometoschool.A.becauseofB.soC.butD.because4.Hedoesntoftenhavebreakfast_hesleepslate.A.becauseofB.soC.butD.becauseDAAD3.提提建议建议的句子：的句子：What/howabout+doingsth.?如：What/Howaboutgoingshopping?Whydontyou+dosth.?如：Whydontyougoshopping?Whynot+dosth.?如：Whynotgoshopping?Lets+dosth.如：LetsgoshoppingS

10、hallwe/I+dosth.?如：Shallwe/Igoshopping?4.longtimenosee好久不见好久不见3.Howdidyoulikeit?你觉得它怎么样？你觉得它怎么样？Howdo/didyoulike?“你觉得你觉得怎样？怎样？”，用来询问对方的观点或看法，相当于用来询问对方的观点或看法，相当于Whatdoyouthinkof?或或Howdoyoufeelabout?eg:Howdoyoulikeyournewjob?=_yournewjob?=_yournewjob?WhatdoyouthinkofHowdoyoufeelabout5.quiteafew相当多相当多af

11、ew与与alittle的区别，的区别，few与与little的区别的区别afew一些一些修饰修饰可数可数名词名词alittle一些一些修饰修饰不可数不可数名词名词两者都表两者都表肯定肯定意意义义如：Hehasafewfriends.他有一些朋友他有一些朋友。Thereisalittlesugarinthebottle.在瓶子里有在瓶子里有一些糖。一些糖。few少数的少数的修饰修饰可数可数名词名词little少数的修饰少数的修饰不可数不可数名词名词但两者都表但两者都表否定否定意意义义如：Hehasfewfriends.他没有几个朋友。Thereislittlesugarinthebottle.在

12、瓶子里没有多少糖。语法语法(1)decidetodosth.决定去做某事trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事/forgettodosth.忘记做某事enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事wanttodosth.想去做某事startdoingsth.开始做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosthkeepdoingsth.继续做某事Whynotdo.sth.?为什么不做呢？so+adj.+that+从句如此以至于tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某

13、人（不要）做某事语法语法(2)-一般过去一般过去式式watchwatchedmovemovedstudystudiedstopstoppedgowentseesaw语法语法(3)-不定代词不定代词some和anymany,much和alotoffew,afew和little,alittle不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数定语（形容词、副词、不定式）修饰不定代词要后置Unit1能力提升训练能力提升训练英语新课标（RJ）()3.How do you like the two pieces of music?_ of them are interesting.Ive listened to them

14、several times.ABoth BAll CNone DNeither()4.Who helped Li Lei with his English?_，he learnt it by himself.AAnybody BSomebody CNobody DEverybodyA C 英语新课标（RJ）Unit1易错点针对训练易错点针对训练易错点针对训练()1.There are _ people on the bus.Atoo many Bmany too Ctoo much Dmuch too()2.Who cleaned the room yesterday?Tom _.Aclean

15、ed Bdoes Cdid DisA C 英语新课标（RJ）Unit1易错点针对训练易错点针对训练()3.Did you have a good May Day holiday?_.I enjoyed myself with my family on the beach.AIm afraid not BIm not sure COf course DI hope so()4.There are _ bananas at home.Would you like to buy some?Afew Ba few Clittle Da littleC A 英语新课标（RJ）Unit1易错点针对训练易错

16、点针对训练()5.Do you know _ the girl in white is?Im not sure.Maybe she is a doctor.Ahow Bwhere Cwhat Dwho()6.He cant hear you because there is _ noise here.Avery much Btoo much Cmuch too Dso many C B Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?重点单词重点单词重点短语重点短语重点句型重点句型本章语法本章语法0%never20%hardlyever40%sometimes60%often80%usu

17、ally100%always从不从不 几乎不几乎不 有时有时 常常常常 通常通常 总是总是Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?Revision复习复习语法语法-问频率问频率频率副词频率副词alwaysusuallyoftensometimeshardlyeverseldomnever具体时间状语具体时间状语everydayonceaweekthreetimesaweektwiceamonthtwoorthreetimesaweeksometimes“有时候”(一般现在或过去时)sometimes“多次”。（time次数）sometime“某个时候”（将来或过去某一不确定时间）

18、sometime“一段时间”口诀：口诀：有有s是有时，有时分开好几次；是有时，有时分开好几次；无无s是某时，某时分开是一段。是某时，某时分开是一段。hard有形容词和副词两种性质形容词是：努力的辛苦的困难的硬的副词是：努力地猛烈地hardly是副词的意思:几乎不（表示否定的意思）spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光和某人一起度过时光spendtimeonsth/(in)doingsth.Its+adj.+todosth.做某事是做某事是的的。asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事向某人询问某事bydoingsth.通过做某事通过做某事thebestwaytodosth.做某

19、事的最好方做某事的最好方式式Whatsyourfavorite?你最喜爱的你最喜爱的是什么？是什么？疑问词how的用法(1)howmany，howmuch表示“多少”howmany后接可数名词复数，howmuch接不可数名词。Howmanytimesdoyougotothepark?Howmucharethosepants?(2)howmanytimes询问多少次，其答语表示次数。如：oncetwice，threetimes等Howmanytimesdoyougotothemoviesamonth?Aboutthreetimes.(3)Howold.?询问年龄Howoldareyou?Iamf

20、ive.。(4)Howabout?如何？怎么样？Howaboutgoingtothemovies?(5)howlong询问多长时间，其答语表示一段时间，如：fortwodays，forthreehours等。Howlongwillittaketogettothestation？Abouthalfanhour。(6)howsoon用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是intwohours，inthreedays等。Howsoonwilhecomeback？Inanhour7Shesaysitsgoodformyhealth.她说那对我的健康有益。（1）begoodfor意思是“对有好处”。如：Doi

21、ngexerciseisgoodforourhealth.进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。【辨析】：【辨析】：begoodfor,begoodat与与begoodto1）begoodat意为意为“擅长擅长”，后接名词、代词或，后接名词、代词或ving形式形式2）begoodwith意为意为“灵巧的；与灵巧的；与相处得好相处得好”3）begoodto意为意为“对对友好友好”4）begoodfor意为意为“对对有好处有好处”英语新课标（RJ）能力提升训练Unit2能力提升训练能力提升训练.单项填空()1.How often does he write emails to his friend?_.AO

22、nce a month BIn a week CFor half an hour DEach MondayA 英语新课标（RJ）Unit2能力提升训练能力提升训练()4._ have you lived in Beijing?For about ten years.AHow soon BHow often CHow long DHow much()5.Hey,Nick._ comes the last bus!Hurry up,or well have to walk home.AThis BThere CThat DItCB英语新课标（RJ）Unit2能力提升训练能力提升训练()2.He _

23、 gets up early,so he is _late for school.Aalways;always Balways;never Cever;always Dnever;never()3.It is terrible.Its raining so _that we can_ go out.Ahard;hardly Bhard;hard Chardly;hard Dhardly;hardly B A英语新课标（RJ）Unit2能力提升训练能力提升训练()6.I think eating more _ food can help you keep_.Ahealth;health Bhea

24、lth;healthy Chealthy;health Dhealthy;healthyD英语新课标（RJ）Unit2能力提升训练能力提升训练(B)用所给词的适当形式填空。6How often do you go to the shop?_(two)a week.7We go to the movies three _(time)a month.8My friend _(watch)TV on Sundays.9The best way_(get)to the train station is to take the taxi.10My mother wants me_(eat)lots of

25、 fruit.twicetimeswatchesto getto eat英语新课标（RJ）Unit2易错点针对训练易错点针对训练()3.The children are so excited that they can _speak.A.hard B.hardly C.difficult D.difficultly()4.Lets get the key _ the question.OK.Lets start.Afor Bwith Con Dto()5.If you _ for your favorite TV programs,you will feel sleepy.Astay up B

26、set up Cstay at Dpick upB D AUnit3Immoreoutgoingthanmysister.重点单词重点单词重点短语重点短语重点句型重点句型本章语法本章语法译林牛津版1、makeV.使，促使。常见结构是：使，促使。常见结构是：1）make+人（宾语）人（宾语）+动词原形（宾补）动词原形（宾补）Icant_thehorse_.我无法使这匹马走动我无法使这匹马走动。2）、）、make+宾语宾语+形容词（宾补）形容词（宾补）Heoften_me_.他常常使我感到快乐。他常常使我感到快乐。3）、）、make+宾语宾语+名词名词（介宾结构，过去分词等作宾补）（介宾结构，过去

27、分词等作宾补）We_himheadofourteam.我们选他当我们队的队长。我们选他当我们队的队长。拓展拓展:make构成的常用短语有：构成的常用短语有：makefaces,makemistakes,makefriendswithsb.makethebed,makemoney,makealiving,makeatelephonemakegomakeshappymade 1)both在句中作代词使用，意为在句中作代词使用，意为“双方，两者，二人双方，两者，二人”_theflowersareverybeautiful.=Theflowersare_verybeautiful.2）both还可以用

28、作形容词，意为还可以用作形容词，意为“两者的，双方的两者的，双方的”。_theanswersareright.两个答案都对。两个答案都对。3）构成）构成bothand意为意为“不仅不仅而且而且”，可连接两个并列的成分，若连，可连接两个并列的成分，若连接两个并列的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。接两个并列的主语，谓语动词用复数形式。_you_hecanspeakbothEnglishandFrench.。注意注意：bothand的否定式为的否定式为neithernorHecanspeak_English_French.他既不会讲英语也不会讲法语。他既不会讲英语也不会讲法语。拓展：拓展：both的反义词

29、是的反义词是neither意为两者都不。意为两者都不。_ofthem_outgoing.他们两个都不外向（他们两个都不外向（谓语动词用单数形式。）谓语动词用单数形式。）BothofbothBothBothandneithernorNeitherisas+adj./adv.as和某人或某物一样.的和Simon一样重和她一样漂亮写字和Sandy一样好notas/soas表示”A不如B”Amy不如Kitty认真。Amy_Kitty.=Amyis_Kitty.=Kittyis_AmyasheavyasSimonasbeautifulasshewriteaswellasSandyisntascarefu

30、laslesscarefulthanmorecarefulthan形容词或副词的比较级形式：形容词或副词的比较级形式：tallfastnicethinearlyoutgoing原形原形比较级比较级tallerfasternicerthinnerearliermoreoutgoing talltallerfastfasternicenicerthinthinner(以不发音的字母以不发音的字母e结尾的结尾的+r)(一般在词尾一般在词尾+er)原形原形比较级比较级(重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写辅音字母再字母时，先双写辅音字母再+er)earlyearlie

31、routgoingmoreoutgoing(以辅音字母以辅音字母+y结尾的单结尾的单词，变词，变y为为i+er)(多音节词和部分双音节词多音节词和部分双音节词前加前加more)1.A比比B更更，比较级比较级+thanYouareshorterthanTom.2.两者中较两者中较的：的：the+比较级比较级+ofthetwo。Heisthefatterofthetwo.3.越来越越来越：比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级Theearthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.4.越越,就越就越:the+比较级比较级(主谓主谓),the+比较级比较级(主谓主谓)Themorewegett

32、ogether,thehappierwellbe.形容词形容词比较级的用法比较级的用法5.两者间进行选择，两者间进行选择，“哪一个更哪一个更”：Which/Whois+比较级，比较级，AorB?Whichismorepopular,colaoricecream?6.比较级前可用比较级前可用程度副词修饰程度副词修饰。两多两多(much,alot)两少两少(alittle,abit)两甚至两甚至(even,still)还有一个远还有一个远(far)去了去了Icantreachmyhatinthattree,whocanhelpme?Ican.BecauseImmuchtallerthanyou.重

33、点重点句型句型1.Tara 1.Tara 1.Tara 1.Tara 比比比比TinaTinaTinaTina更外向吗？更外向吗？更外向吗？更外向吗？Is TaraIs TaraIs TaraIs Tara _ _ _ _ _ than Tina?_ than Tina?_ than Tina?_ than Tina?2.2.2.2.萨姆和汤姆都会萨姆和汤姆都会萨姆和汤姆都会萨姆和汤姆都会 游泳。游泳。游泳。游泳。_Sam_Tomcanswim._Sam_Tomcanswim.3.3.杰克和萨姆跑的一样快吗？是的。杰克和萨姆跑的一样快吗？是的。杰克和萨姆跑的一样快吗？是的。杰克和萨姆跑的一样快

34、吗？是的。_Jackrun_Sam?Yes,he_Jackrun_Sam?Yes,hedoes.does.4.4.朋友不在多而贵在好。朋友不在多而贵在好。朋友不在多而贵在好。朋友不在多而贵在好。Youdontneedalotoffriends_Youdontneedalotoffriends_theytheyaregood.aregood.5.5.我最好的朋友能帮我激发出我的所能。我最好的朋友能帮我激发出我的所能。我最好的朋友能帮我激发出我的所能。我最好的朋友能帮我激发出我的所能。Mybestfriendhelpsto_thebest_Mybestfriendhelpsto_thebest_.

35、_.moreoutgoingBothandDoesasfastasaslongasbringoutinme重点重点句型句型7.7.他比我更高，更外向。他比我更高，更外向。他比我更高，更外向。他比我更高，更外向。Heis_and_thanme.Heis_and_thanme.8.你游泳没有你弟弟好。你游泳没有你弟弟好。Youcantswim_yourbrother.9.他比我大两岁。他比我大两岁。Heis_thanme.10.她的身体状况一天天好起来。她的身体状况一天天好起来。Heisgetting_everyday.11.他对英语越来越感兴趣。他对英语越来越感兴趣。Heisbecoming_E

36、nglish.tallermoreoutgoingaswellastwoyearsolderbetterandbettermoreandmoreinterestedin1.NowadaysEnglishis_(important)thananyothersubject,Ithink.2.Gold(黄金)is_(little)usefulthaniron(铁).3.Mysisteristwoyears_(old)thanme.4.Joysparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_(young)child.5.The_(cheap)bagsarenotusually

37、theworstones.6.Theshortoneisfar_(expensive).7.Theboyisnotso_(interesting)ashisbrother.8.Dicksings_(well),shesings_(well)thanJohn,butMarysings_(well)inherclass.9.Shewillbemuch_(happy)inhernewhouse.10.Myroomisnotas_(big)asmybrothers.moreimportantlessolderyoungestcheapestmoreexpensiveinterestingwellbet

38、terbesthappierbigFollowups(随堂练习)1、-Mr.Zhou,all of the students in our group,who lives _?-I think Li Lei does.A.fat B.father C.farthest 2、The Changjiang River is _ than any other river in China.A.shorter B.longer C.shortest D.longest3、Bob never dose his homework _ Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.A.so

39、careful B.as carefully as C.carefully as D.as careful as4、_ she is,_ she feels.A.The more busy,the more happy B.The busy,the happy C.Busier,happier D.The busier,the happier5、The weather is getting w_ a_ w_.(越来越糟糕)orse ndorseUnit4Whatsthebestmovietheater?重点单词重点单词重点短语重点短语重点句型重点句型本章语法本章语法movietheater电影

40、院closeto离近clothesstore服装店intown在镇上sofar到目前为止talentshow才艺表演10minutesbybus坐公共汽车10分钟的路程.andsoon等等have.incommon共同；共有重点短语beuptosb.(todosth.)是的职责；由决定(去做某事）makeup编造（故事、谎言等，人做主语）bemadeup被编造（事物做主语）playaroleindoingsth在方面发挥作用/有影响forexample例如aroundtheworld世界各地；全世界allkindsof各种各样的noteverybody并不是每个人takeseriously认真

41、对待givesb.sth=givesth.tosb.给某人某物cometrue（梦想、希望）实现；达到Howdoyoulike?=Whatdoyouthinkof.?你认为怎么样？Thanksfordoingsth.因做某事而感谢。【例1】Howdoesyourfathergotowork?Onfoot.Ourhouse_hisoffice.AisdifferentfromBisclosetoCisfarfromDisthesame【例2】Itwasrainingheavily；littleMaryfeltcold，soshestood_tohermother.Aclose BcloselyC

42、closedDcloses【例3】Please_thewindowwhenyouleavetheroom.AclosedBcloseCclosesDclosely【例1】Whatdoyouthinkofthecinema？(改为同义句)_doyou_thecinema?【例2】Hehaswrittenthreebooks_.AsofarBlongagoCin2005Dlastyear【例3】Thereare_seatsinTownCinemaYes，youcansitthere_Acomfortable；comfortableBcomfortably；comfortablyCcomfortab

43、ly；comfortableDcomfortable；comfortablyHowlike【例1】Pleaseservemethenoodlesfirst，waiter.(改为同义句)Please_thenoodles_mefirst，waiter.点拨：点拨：servesb.sth.servesth.tosb.【例2】根据汉语意思完成下句我不喜欢那家饭店，因为服务不好。Idontlikethatrestaurant，becausethe_isntgood.servetoservicetakeseriously认真对待认真对待Itsbettertotakesomethingimportant_

44、.AseriousBcarefullyCcarefulDseriouslygivesb.sth.givesth.tosb【例1】Heoftengives_.AhismoneymeBmehismoneyCmetohismoneyDhismoneyforme【例2】Thatticketismine.Canyougive_？AmeitBmetoitCittomeDitme语法语法-最高级最高级talltallerthetallestfinefinerthefinestfunnyfunnierthefunniestbigbiggerthebiggestseriousmoreseriousthemost

45、seriousoutgoingmoreoutgoingthemostoutgoingloudlymoreloudlythemostloudlyboring/boredmoreboringthemostboringbetterbestfarlittleworseworstmoremostfartherfarthestfurtherfurthestlessleastgoodwellbad/badlyillmanymuch原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级特特殊殊情情况况the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词如：Heisthesecondtallestboyintheclass.oneofthe+最高级+

46、名词复数（最.之一，做主语时看做单数)如OneofthelongestriversinChinaistheYellowRiver.用所给单词正确形式填空用所给单词正确形式填空1.Frankis_,Tomis_thanFrank,butJimis_(tall)ofall.2.Lindais_thanhersister.Butherbrotheris_.(outgoing)3.Annis_(good)ofalltheswimmers.4.TownCinemais_(popular)ofthethree.themostpopularthebestthetallesttalltallermoreout

47、goingthemostoutgoing没有比较用原级没有比较用原级两者相比比较级两者相比比较级三者以上最高级三者以上最高级Very词后用原级词后用原级Than句子比较级句子比较级The字在前最高级字在前最高级碰上碰上of和和in短语短语千万别忘最高级千万别忘最高级1.Thebreadis_thanthesecakesA.verydeliciousB.muchdeliciousC.moredeliciousD.asdelicious2.LinTaojumped_inthelongjumpintheschoolsportsmeetingA.farB.fartherC.farthestD.quit

48、efar3.Whentheymetinthehotel.Theyfeelvery_A.happilyB.happyC.happierD.happiest4.Heis_enoughtocarrytheheavybox.A.strongB.strongerC.muchstrongerD.thestrongestCCAB5.Whichsubjectis_,physicsorchemistry?A.interestingB.mostinterestingC.moreinterestingD.themostinteresting6.Ahorseis_thanadog.A.muchheavyB.moreh

49、eavierC.muchheavierD.moreheavy7.HainanisaverylargeIsland.Itisthesecond_islandinchina.A.largeB.largerC.largestD.mostlargest8.Lileioftentalks_butdoes_,soeveryonesaysheisagoodboy.A.lessmoreB.fewmuchC.morelittleD.littlemanyCcAC1)join及物动词加入（团体，组织，参军）、同一起干jointheParty/thearmyjoinusinthetalk2)joinin参加（某些活动

50、）MayIjoininyourdiscussion?3)takepartin参加（群众性活动，会议等）参加者持积极态度，起一份作用。Alotofstudentstookpartinthethoroughcleaningyesterday.1.Mybrother_thearmyin2002.2.MayI_thecompetition?3.Weareplayingfootball.Doyouwantto_?joinedjoinin/takepartinjoininforexample和和suchas二者都有二者都有“例如例如”的意思，但使用时有不同：的意思，但使用时有不同：forexample用来