2022—2023 学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版）笔试部分.docx

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1、2022-2023学年高二上学期期中考试英语试卷（新高考）（山东版） 笔试 考前须知：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上， 写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部 阅读（共两节，总分值50分）第一节（共15小题；每题2.5分，总分值37.5分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最正确选项。ADepths of our Earth hold great wonde

2、rs. Below we explore four deepest places on Earth.Veryovkina Cave, GeorgiaIts entrance is located 2,285 meters above sea level. In 2018, scientists reached its bottom at 2,212 meters down. They squeezed through tiny openings to get from one cave to another. Rockfalls and floods waited secretly at ev

3、ery turn. Scientists could develop new medicines from microorganisms found in cave samples （样本）.Caves also record ancient life and past climates.The Mariana Trench, the Pacific OceanThe Mariana Trench, with the maximum depth of 11,034 meters, is the deepest part of Earths surface. Pressure there is

4、intolerable, but creatures like sea cucumbers （海参）still exist. Scientists exploring it can gain deeper insights into how plates move and why earthquakes and volcanoes occur.The Dead Sea, the Middle EastThe Dead Sea is the lowest point on land at about 1,400 feet （about 400 meters） below sea level. I

5、ts nearly ten times saltier than ocean water, so you literally cant sink in the Dead Sea! Scientists think it could go dry in a few decades. Despite its name, the Dead Sea holds life. A few kinds of algae （藻类）and bacteria love its salty water.Lake Baikal, RussiaAt the depth of 1,642 meters, Lake Bai

6、kal is the deepest inland body of water. The Baikal seal is the only known seal that lives in this worlds deepest freshwater lake. Scientists study the lake not only for the solid stuff beneath it that records climate history but because its in a zone where a plate is splitting apart, causing earthq

7、uakes.1. What do we know about Veryovkina Cave?A. It was discovered in 2018.B. Its pressure is far from bearable.C. It is risky to explore.D. Its samples are of little practical value.2. Where should scientists go to better know earth movement?A. Georgia & Russia.B.Russia & the Pacific Ocean.C. Geor

8、gia & the Pacific Ocean.D.The Middle East & Russia.3. What do the four places have in common?A. They have some signs of life.B.They are over a thousand meters deep.C. They are results of climate change.D.They are all below sea level.Bit”可知，公司的主要挑战是向那些从未亲身体验过这项技术的人准确地解释这项技术 的现状。应选A。11. D 推理判断题。通读最后一段

9、尤其是第二句It can also operate autonomously, but only if its already memorized a road and there arent too many surprise obstacles （障碍）可知，机 器警犬可以自主行动，但前提是它已经记住了一条道路，并且路上没有太多意外的障碍。 由此可推知，机器警犬可以记住它熟悉的路线。应选D。D篇本文是一篇说明文。商业航空公司的碳排放量占全球碳排放量的百分之三，因此各方都 致力于寻找可持续开展的航空燃料。12. A细节理解题。根据第二段内容尤其是第一句Biomass （生物质）,such a

10、s animal and food waste, can be transformed into biofuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made from organic matter.可知，生物质，例如动物和食物垃圾可以被转化成生物燃料，生物燃料是由有 机物质制成的可再生液态燃料，因此生物质可用来生产可再生的航空燃料。应选A。13. D 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 A battery-powered plane would be too heavy to fly long distances, so fuel that works in th

11、e same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way to trade out emission-heavy fossil fuels.”可知，电池驱动的飞机太重，无法进行长途飞行，因此，使 用与我们现有的燃料相同的燃料是一种更简单的方法，来替代排放量大的化石燃料，即 石油燃料比起电池动力而言，具有轻便和飞行距离长的优势。应选D。14. B 词义猜想题。根据第三段第一句中的 “Major companies are eager to participate in sustainable airline fuel可知，各大公司都渴望参与可持续航空燃料的使

12、用；根据画线词 所在句可知，商业航空公司也在寻找一个可持续的解决方案，即商业航空公司也想参与 其中，所以on board应意为“参与”，与B项意思相近。应选B。15. C标题概括题。通读全文可知，为保护环境，各方都在努力寻找可持续开展的航空燃料， 本文主要介绍的是将厨余垃圾转化为航空燃料。C项最适合作本文的标题。应选C。第二节本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了让我们的工作重新变得令人兴奋的几种方法。16. G考查逻辑关系。空前讲改变你的常规；空后讲你早晨第一件要做的事情就是检查你的 邮件。G项“改变现状的第一步就是要审视你的日常（工作）模式”承上启下，符合语 境。应选G。17. A考查逻辑关系。空前

13、讲从质疑你习惯的做事方式开始。A项”之后，稍微改变一下” 与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。应选A。18. C考查逻辑关系。空前讲开心很重要；空后讲让自己偶尔在工作中和朋友有一些欢笑和 乐趣。C项“而且，在工作中有乐趣很重要”承上启下，符合语境。应选C。19. E考查逻辑关系。本段主要介绍了休假的益处。空前讲压力和焦虑会影响情绪；空后讲 在花费一点时间放松自己之后，也许你会觉得工作没那么无聊。E项“也许休假对你有 好处”承上启下，符合语境。应选E。20. B考查主旨大意。此处是本段主旨句。空后讲给你的生活增添一点新鲜感的一个真正有 效的方法是每天都学点新东西。B项”每天学些新东西”统领全段，符合语境。

14、应选B。第二局部语言运用第一节本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在超市排队买单时作者前面的女士主动让作者先买 单，作者为此感到十分感激，并想到了以其他的方式来回馈他人和社会的故事。21. A考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“2 stories and 200,000+square feet”可知，这是一个大 型超市，占据两层楼，20多万平方英尺。A项意为“延伸，扩散”；B项意为“覆盖， 占面积”；C项意为“变得”；D项意为“带走”。B项可表达占多大面积，但它是及 物动词，且文中有介词onto,因此不能使用B项。应选A。22. C考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的“After 45 minutes of sh

15、opping”和下文中的“by the time I spent to get 3 可知，作者来到收银台前排队，思考着，对于自己为了买3件物 品而花费的时间有点沮丧。A项意为“尴尬的”；B项意为“高兴的”；C项意为“沮丧 的”；D项意为“满意的，满足的”。应选C。23. D考查名词辨析。根据下文中的Hey.you have only 3 articles可知，作者只买了三件 物品。A项意为“食物”；B项意为“副本”；C项意为“章节，段落”；D项意为“物品， 物体二应选D。24. B考查名词辨析。根据下文中的uI have way more articles than you,及语境可知，作者

16、前面的女士对作者说：“嘿，你只买了三件物品吗？你站到我这里，我买的东西比你买的 多J A项意为“座位”；B项意为“位置，地方”；C项意为“建议”；D项意为“机会二 固定短语take ones place意为“接替某人的位置”。应选B。25. C考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的Come and take my ”及语境可知，这位女士 的提议很友好亲切。A项意为“尴尬的”；B项意为“悦目的，精美的”；C项意为“无 法抵抗的；D项意为“熟悉的二应选C。26. B考查名词辨析。根据下文中的I thanked her”和“the woman offered me”可知，作者 接受了这位女士的提议。A项意为“

17、站立处”；B项意为“提议”；C项意为“痛苦”；D 项意为“讲话”。应选B。27. A 考查形容词辨析。根据上文中的her intention was , as well as was her smile” 及 语境可知，这位女士非常友好。A项意为“令人愉快的，友好的”；B项意为“可靠的”； C项意为“自信的”；D项意为“强有力的”。应选A。28. D考查动词短语辨析。根据下文中的“While driving”及语境可知，作者回到了车里， 又想到了那个愉快的时刻。A项意为“下车”；B项意为“通过，度过”；C项意为“摆 脱，远离”;D项意为“回到”。应选D。29. C考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“g

18、ood moment可知，作者回想起那个愉快的时刻， 意识到那位女士让自己的一天都很开心。A项意为“毁掉”；B项意为“满足”；C项意为“制作，让”；D项意为“填满”。固定搭配make ones day意为“让某人开心”。应选C。30. B考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，与此同时，作者在想怎样去回报这位女士。answer back 意为“回嘴,顶嘴”；give back意为“回报”;bring back意为“带回，使想起；hold back 意为“退缩为应选B。31. A考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“it was quite impossible”及语境可知，此处表示毫无疑 问，回报她已经不太可能了，

19、所以作者想把这份美好传递给他人。A项意为“疑问，怀 疑”；B项意为“奇迹”；C项意为“需要”；D项意为“意义”。应选A。32. D考查连词辨析。根据语境可知，当作者开车的时速到达每小时70英里时，作者把速 度降到了每小时55英里。A项意为“在之后”；B项意为“一旦”；C项意为“自从”； D项意为“当时”。应选D。33. C考查名词辨析。根据上文中的“my speed to 55 mph”及语境可知，作者降速了以后， 油耗减少了 35%。A项意为“奉献”；B项意为“假设，承当”；C项意为“消耗”；D项 意为“描述”。应选C。34. B考查副词辨析。根据语境可知，诚然，作者再次失去了那位女士帮助作

20、者节省的10 分钟。A项意为“意外地”；B项意为“诚然”；C项意为“惊奇地”；D项意为“失望地”。 应选BoD考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“I wondered how to it back to her”可知，此处 表示这是回报那位女士以及为环境做点小事的方式。A项意为“记起，回忆起；B项意 为“帮助”；C项意为“欣赏，感激”；D项意为“归还，报答”。应选D。第二节本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国三星堆遗址的相关情况。35. most important考查形容词的比拟等级。根据空前的“one of the”及空后的unot only in China but all over the w

21、orld”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级作定语修饰“ancient remains”， 表示三星堆遗址是最重要的古代遗址之一。故填most importantoits考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词与rich和cultural作定语，共同修饰名词contento 故填itso36. was created考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主句用现在完成时 或现在完成进行时，since引导时间状语从句，应用一般过去时；从句主语it与动词create 之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式。 故填 was created oof考查介词。固定搭

22、配be made up of意为“由组成”，此处表示三星堆遗址是由几 个被认为是四川省最大的古蜀文物遗址组成的。故填Ofo40. totally考查词性转换。此处应用副词作状语，修饰动词extending。故填totally。41. what考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作动词find的 宾语，应用what引导该从句，表示专家们能找到的东西。故填what。42. living考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，means为从 句的谓语动词，“the people (live) behind the mysterious Ruins we

23、re during the late Neolithic (新石器时代的)age”是means的宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中，已有谓语动词 were,因此此处应用非谓语动词，动词live与被修饰词the people之间构成主动关系， 此处应用现在分词作后置定语修饰peopleo故填livingocovers考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，主语The museum为第 三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三形式；且此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。再 结合句意可知，主语The museum和谓语cover构成主动关系，表示“博物馆占地/覆盖面积”。故填covers。43. const

24、ruction考查词性转换。此处表示政府投资了 3000多万元用于博物馆的建设。根据 空前的定冠词“the”和空后的介词“of”可知,此处应用名词，且construction不可数。 故填 construction oa考查冠词。此处泛指“一种简单但非常庄严的风格”，且simple是以辅音音素开头的 单词，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。第三局部写作第一节 参考范文：Technology and LifeOver the last few decades, new technologies have constantly come into our life with many positive

25、effects. For example, facial recognition makes it easy for security guards to check passengers9 identity in hotels, stations and airports. Satellite navigation technology guides us to the place where we want to go. Mobile payment allows us to purchase things just with a smart phone. A voice assistan

26、t can provide answers to our questions and do what we ask immediately.It is obvious that modern technology has made our life more convenient and colorful. Only by taking full advantage of technology can we become the master of life.第二节 参考范文：Paragraph 1:I looked back at the teacher and took a mug out

27、 of her hands and said, OK. Back to my seat, I began to decorate it with concentration. On it I painted “my father teaching me how to read”. Also, I decorated my mug with fourteen pink flowers, and Amelia only put on nine. Staring at my masterpiece, I wondered how my father would react when seeing t

28、he mug. However, I decided not to give it to him immediately I saw him because I remember how much he loved surprises. I would give him a big surprise.Paragraph 2:So when Dad picked me up after school, I hid the mug at the bottom of my hackpack. Not until we returned home did I put it on the table i

29、n the kitchen and hid behind the door. When he went to get a snack, he spotted the mug, his eyes wide open. Whats this thing, Milo?” I stepped out and explained softly, Its a Mothers Day mug. Its fbr you. I could clearly see the amazement on his face. Dad embraced me tightly, words failing him. Thro

30、ugh the window, the setting sun cast a golden glow on us, warm and deep.Recently we celebrated my grandmothers 90th birthday. Family members traveled to my hometown to visit her. This was the first time in many years that I had seen so many of them. Though this was an opportunity to see family, many

31、 people did not make it. Honestly, living far from hometown, I had missed many family gatherings. But this one made me realize how much I was really missing.It seemed strange when I was looking at the faces, realizing whom they were and greeting them with open arms. After chatting fbr a while, we ca

32、ught up on each others news. Several relatives suggested having a family reunion soon if everyone wasnt so busy. But my grandmothers generation was much busier, yet still found time to gather. They understood the importance of visiting one another. They knew time is flying and that those you care ab

33、out most wont be here forever.Today, we fbcus on our careers and raising our kids. Our extended family isnt the center it once was. Besides, we keep in touch on social media. But what we really miss are the potato salad, the moments of laughter and sudden bursts of excitement when we hug someone we

34、havent seen for over 10 years. Although the next get-together is always a year or so away, people arent goods and everyone has an expiration （至ll期）date.I left my grandmothers party with a much better sense of who I am and where I come from. I spent valuable time with people who contributed to who I

35、am today. I had forgotten how much 1 love them and I was reminded how much I am loved.4. How did the author feel about missing previous family gatherings?A. Indifferent. B. Sad.C. Regretful.D. Annoyed.5. What do we know about the authors grandmothers generation?A. They were carefree.B. They held fam

36、ily dear.C. They took time seriously.D. They visited family frequently.6. What does the author mean by the last sentence in paragraph 3?A. Family reunions mean no fun.B. All goods dont have an expiration date.C. People are always too busy to get together.D. We should see loved ones more before its t

37、oo late.7. Why does the author write the text?A. To convince readers to meet friends.8. To share an interesting family reunion.9. To stress the value of family gatherings.10. To compare different generations, values.If youre homeless and looking fbr a temporary shelter in Hawaiis capital, expect a v

38、isit from a robotic police dog that will scan your eyes to make sure you dont have a fever. Thats just one of the ways public safety agencies are starting to use Spot, a new robot that runs around with quick movement.The police officials experimenting with the four-legged machines say theyre just an

39、other tool to keep emergency responders out of harms way as they search fbr dangers.Joseph ONeal, an officer of the Honolulu Police Department, said the robot has protected officers, shelter staff and residents by scanning body temperatures between mealtimes at a shelter where homeless people could

40、quarantine （隔离）and get tested for COVTD-19. The robot is also used to remotely interview individuals who have tested positive.The company that makes the robots, Boston Dynamics, says its trying to do a good job of explaining to the public and its customers what Spot can and cannot do. One of the mos

41、t difficult tasks is accurately explaining the state of the technology to people who have never had personal experience with it， said Michael Perry, vice president of the company.There are roughly 500 Spot robots now in the wild. Perry said theyre commonly used by companies to check dangerous areas.

42、 Spot is also used to monitor construction sites, mines and factories, equipped with whatever sensor is needed for the job.Its still mostly controlled by humans, though all they have to do is tell it which direction to go and it can climb stairs or cross over rough areas. It can also operate autonom

43、ously, but only if its already memorized a road and there arent too many surprise obstacles （障碍）.“The first value that most people see in the robot is taking a person out of a dangerous situation J Perry said.Commercial airlines alone contribute around 3 percent of total global carbon emissions. But

44、 the industry is actively looking for green solutions in the form of sustainable （可持续开展的） airline fuel, and in one case, that fuel may have had a previous life as your household food waste. In a study released this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers detail a met

45、hod of transforming food waste into sustainable airline fuel.Biomass （生物质），such as animal and food waste, can be transformed into biofuels, which are renewable liquid fuels made from organic matter. Derek Vardon, a senior research engineer at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory （NREL）, says tha

46、t their fuel worked as a mixture of 90 percent conventional petrol airline fuel and 10 percent alternative airline fuel required by the industry currently. They also show they could push it to a 70/30 mixture with more time and testing available.Major companies are eager to participate in sustainabl

47、e airline fuel because some sustainable solutions, such as battery-operated commercial planes, just arent possible yet with current battery technology. A battery-powered plane would be too heavy to fly long distances, so fuel that works in the same way as the fuel we have is a simpler way to trade o

48、ut emission-heavy fossil fuels.Vardon says that because the wet waste used in the process would normally go to a landfill （垃圾填埋场）and break down to release greenhouse gases, the process of making and using sustainable airline fuel could actually have a negative carbon footprint when scaled up.Commerc

49、ial airlines are also on board to find an affordable and sustainable solution to the carbon-intensive process of air travel. Airlines are looking to hit aggressive sustainability goals by 2050, including decreasing net carbon dioxide emissions by 50 percent.12. Which of the following is used for sustainable a