词法复习-构词法2-ppt课件-2021届高三英语一轮复习.ppt

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1、词法复习 构词法 2高三年级 英语Abbreviation缩写Conversion转化Compounding合成Wordformation构词法Step1:AnalysisofthematerialStep2:Leading-in资料目前，现在presentn.atpresent目前，现在1.目前的；现存的present-dayadj.现在的2.现场的；出席的adj.Todayisagift.Thatiswhyitscalledthepresent.合成单词礼物v.颁发；授予；赠送presentagift赠送礼物presentationn.赠送;授予资料Conversion转化法把一种词性转化

2、为另一种词性，词形不变。转化后的词义可以通过原词义推断出来。Step3:Knowledgelearning转化法形容词动词名词Step3:Knowledgelearning动词转化为名词1.Letstalkaboutit.2.Ithinkwedbetterfinishthetalknow.v.谈论n.谈话名词转化为动词1.Shegavemeaglassofwater.2.Youshouldwatertheflowerstwiceaweek.n.水v.浇水形容词转化为名词1.Sheiswearingablackdress.2.Thegirlinblackisverybeautiful.adj.黑

3、色的n.黑色形容词转化为动词1.Tomisabraveman.2.Healwaysbravesthedifficultiesinlife.adj.勇敢的v.勇敢地面对词音的变化present/preznt/n.礼物/przent/v.赠送record/rekd/n.唱片/rkd/v.记录export/ekspt/n.出口/kspt/v.出口import/mpt/n.进口/mpt/v.进口Step3:Knowledgelearning1.Ifyouwanttohaveabusinessofyourown,yourlocallibrarycanbecomeaspaceforit.(2020年天津卷

4、7月)launchn.“（事件的）发起”2.Itsbyanalyzingthewavesoftheincomingsoundandcreatingasecondsetofoutgoingwaves.(2020年天津卷7月)functionv.“起作用；运转”launchfunction3.OnedayIdtoshowupforanafter-schoolmeetingoftheScienceOlympiadteam.(2020年天津卷7月)chancev.“偶然发生；碰巧”4.Werethinkingabouthowwecanplantstoreplacefunctionsofthething

5、sthatweuseeveryday.(2020年全国卷I)engineerv.“改变（动植物等的）基因结构”chanceengineer5.Itwasaspecialtimetowithmychildren.(2020年全国卷II)bondv.“（与某人）培养一种特殊的关系”6.themandtalkaboutthemwhenyoucan.(2020年全国卷II)frequentv.“常去，常到”bondFrequentQuiz1Atpresent,allthepresentswillbepresentedtoeveryonepresentatthemeeting.名词，词组atpresen

6、t，“现在”。名词，“礼物”。动词，“赠给”。形容词，“在场的”。现在，所有的礼物将被赠给出席会议的每一人。Quiz2Donttroubletroubleuntiltroubletroublesyou.不要自找麻烦，除非麻烦找上门。动词，“打扰，麻烦”。名词，“麻烦”。名词，“麻烦”。动词，“打扰，麻烦”。Compounding合成法把两个或两个以上的独立且语义不同的单词合成一个新词。Step3:Knowledgelearning合成词其他合成词合成名词合成动词合成形容词合成名词news新闻+paper纸=newspaper报纸type打字+writer作者=typewriter打字机wet湿

7、的+land土地=wetland湿地，沼泽after在后+noon中午=afternoon下午hair毛发+cut切，割=haircut理发out出来+come来=outcome结果break破，裂+down朝下=breakdown故障名词+名词动词+名词形容词+名词介词+名词名词+动词副词+动词动词+副词合成动词baby婴儿+sit坐=babysit代人临时照看小孩quick快的+charge充电=quick-charge快速充电over穿过+look看=overlook忽略名词+动词形容词+动词副词+动词合成形容词life生命，生活+long长的=lifelong终身的peace和平+lo

8、ving=peace-loving热爱和平的heart心+felt=heartfelt衷心的high高的+level级别=high-level高级的good好的+looking=good-looking相貌好看的kind体贴的+hearted=kindhearted仁慈的hard努力地+working=hard-working勤劳的well好+known=well-known著名的in在内+depth深(度)=in-depth彻底的名词+形容词 名词+现在分词 名词+过去分词 形容词+名词形容词+现在分词 形容词+过去分词副词+现在分词副词+过去分词 介词名词其他合成词every每个+one一

9、=everyone每人through穿过+out出来=throughout遍及Testyourself!breakeasysunteamtypewidebathegoingspreadthroughworkwritebreakthrougheasygoingsunbatheteamworktypewritewidespreadTestyourself!合成名词合成动词合成形容词1.Theywillofferprinting,faxinganddatabaseservicesyouneed.(2020年天津卷7月)data+base=database数据库（合成名词）2.Makingafull-

10、lengthclay(粘土)figurewouldnotexhaustmystrength.(2020年天津卷7月)full+length=full-length全身的（合成形容词）3.Discoverandenjoy4centuriesofhistory,5acresofcelebratedandaward-winninggardenswithparklandwalk.(2020年全国卷II)award+winning=award-winning获奖的（合成形容词）park+land=parkland（如乡村大宅院周围的）有草木的开阔地（合成名词）4.Frommystandpoint,ita

11、llseemstoworkverywell.(2020年全国卷III)stand+point=standpoint观点；立场（合成名词）5.Whenhepresentedhismasterpiecetotheemperorschiefminister,theoldmanlaughed.(2020年全国卷III)master+piece=masterpiece杰作；名著；代表作（合成名词）hamburgereggplantpineapple 资料资料Abbreviation缩写用单词或短语的部分内容指代整体。Step3:Knowledgelearning缩写首字母缩写：ASAP:assoonas

12、possibleWTO:WorldTradeOrganization单词缩短：ad:advertisementlab:laboratoryStep3:Knowledgelearning1.YourstudentIDcardidentifiesyouasastudentattheUniversityofBolton.(2020年天津卷5月)ID=identity身份证明2.STEMgraduateslearnactualskillsintheirstudies.(2019年天津卷3月)STEM=science,technology,engineering,andmathematics科学、技术、

13、工程和数学教育3.ThatishappeningintheUKandSingapore,wheregovernment-provideddriverlessvehiclesarebeinglaunched.(2017年天津卷6月)UK=UnitedKingdom英国4.UNESCOrecentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifyingvoiceacrossculture.(2017年全国卷I)UNESCO=UnitedNationsEducational,Sci

14、entificandCulturalOrganization联合国教科文组织5.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofwhosepurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.(2017年江苏卷)UN=UnitedNations联合国6.AstudyofBritishaccentsduringthe1970sfoundthatavoicesoundinglikeaBBCnewsreaderwasviewedasthemostattractivevoice.(2015年广东卷)BBC=BritishBroadcasti

15、ngCorporation英国广播公司Anationalhi-techexhibitionisbeingheldfromFebruary26toMarch6.ItshowcasesChinashi-techsuccessesachievedunderthe863Programme.Theprogrammehasledtoseveralbreakthroughsinscienceandtechnology.Attheexhibition,visitorscanlearnmoreaboutimportantachievementsinfieldssuchasbiology,bioengineeri

16、ngandmedicine,communicationandcomputerengineering.Manyofthemostoutstandingnewbreakthroughshavecomeinthefieldofgenetics.showcasebreakthroughhi-techoutstandingStep4:LanguagepracticeWhenyouopenadictionary,youoftencomeacrossalotofunfamiliarwords.Youmightthinkthisisabitscary.Butmanyofthemareformedusingot

17、hersimplerwords.Thisiscalledwordformation.Wordsformedbycombiningotherwordsarecalledcompounds,forexample,(1)_(afriendthatyoucontactbywriting,traditionallyusingapen)and(2)_(knownbymanypeople).penfriendwell-knownStep5:PracticalapplicationSomenounsandadjectivescanbeusedasverbs,ortheotherwayround.Whenwec

18、almsomebodydown,theybecome(3)_.Andwecangivesomeoneapresentby(4)_it.Andsometimesawordismadeupofthefirstlettersofseveralwords:“WorldTradeOrganization”canbereferredtoas(5)_,and(6)_isshortfor“assoonaspossible”.calmpresentingWTOASAPcalmpresentAbbreviation缩写Conversion转化Compounding合成Wordformation构词法ATMhotd

19、ogheatraincoateyeballGPSclassmatewaterpolicemanworkbookCBDwarm转化：合成：缩写：heat,water,warmhotdog,raincoat,eyeball,classmate,policeman,workbookATM,GPS,CBD找一找2020年5月份高考题天津卷中的完形填空和阅读表达题里有多少转化词、合成词和缩写，请大家把它们划出来。Step6:HomeworkYesterdayishistory.Tomorrowisamystery.Buttodayisagift.Thatiswhyitscalledthepresent.Thankyouforwatching!