陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题含答案.pdf

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1、西西工工大大附附中中 2022-2023 学学年年上上学学期期 1 月月期期末末高三英语高三英语第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）The Guide to the LivelyArtsSHOW NAMEDATES&TIMESDESCRIPTIONSDETAILSPRICEADDITIONALTHEATREMy Fair LadySaturday,Feb.27at 4 p.m.From Lincoln Center theatercomes“a luxurious newproduction of

2、the most perfectmusical of all time”(Entertainment Weekly).Lerner&Loewes My Fair Lady.DirectorBartlett Shers glowingproduction is“thrilling,gloriousand better than it ever was”(TheNew York Times).The 3-hour-longproduction features such classicsongs as I Could Have Danced AllNight,The Rain in Spain a

3、ndWouldnt it Be Lovely.KennedyCenterOperaHouse;Kennedycenter.orgor call202-467-4600$20:discountsforseniors(60 orabove):$15Parkingwithin2 hours:$5;for eachadditionalhour:$1SHOW NAMEDATES&TIMESDESCRIPTIONSDETAILSPRICEADDITIONALMUSIC-CONCERTSMarine BandSousa SeasonOpenerTheAmericanOffenbach:Sousa and t

4、heOperetta(小歌剧)Sunday,Feb.28at 2 p.m.The Marine Band kicks off its2021 season with a journeythrough John Philip Sousas keenimagination for the theater,revealing another side of TheMarch King.The concert isdedicated to his operettas,including the marches,songs andinstrumental selections from ELCaptai

5、n,The Charlatan,TheBride Elect and other works forthe stage.Center fortheArts,GeorgeMasonUniversity;BraddockRoad&Route 123,Fairfax,VA;202-433-4011,www.marineband.marines.milFreeFreeparkingavailableMUSIC-ORCHESTRALThe ApolloOrchestrawith violistRoberto DiazSunday,Feb.28at 4 p.m.TheApollo Orchestra we

6、lcomesviolist Roberto Diaz to performJennifer HigdonsGrammy-winning Viola Concerto.ChevyChasePresbyterianChurch,1ChevyChaseCircleWashington,DC 20015;FreeFree parkingavailableCOMEDYMake AmericaGrin AgainFridays&Saturdaysat 7:30p.m.Amusical political satire(讽刺作品).Bringing comedy to politics!RonaldReag

7、anBuilding;1300PennsylvaniaAve;Info:202-312-1555,$36;discountsavailableforgroups of10ormoreFreeparking1How much do you at least need to pay for parking if you park your car in Kennedy CenterOpera House to watch My Fair lady?A$4.B$5.C$6.D$7.2Where can you enjoy Jennifer Higdons Grammy-winning Viola C

8、oncerto?AAt the Ronald Reagan Building.BAt the Kennedy Center Opera House.CAt Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church.DAt George Mason Universitys Center for the Arts.3Where will the chart above probably be seen?AA news report for artists.BAbrochure for music fans.CAbooklet for drama lovers.DA magazine for

9、professional artists.Despite the fact that there has never been so much wealth or so many wealthy people inthe world,many of the worlds poor people still live in material and energy poverty.Couldyou and I cut back on our consumption(消耗)so as to make some space for others toincrease theirs?I am sure

10、we could.But,unfortunately,everything about our economic systems is set upto make us believe and behave otherwise.The default(默认)mindset is that there is nothingwrong with wanting ever newer and more expensive things as long as we can afford them.Look around you for a moment.No society anywhere befo

11、re lived like this.Further,since our spending must necessarily be someone elses income,we tell ourselves that weactually make the world a better place every time we buy another pair of shoes or trade in acar for the latest model.And thats the tug(拉)of war that plays itself out cruelly in our lives,a

12、s one side of our age cries out“less”,and from the other side comes the answering cry“more”.Of course,wanting to live a better life is deeply ingrained in human nature.Otherwise,we would never have generated the progress that has brought us to our present station.But now we should think deeply about

13、 how and why we consume.After all,even the earliest thinkers in the history of economicincludingAdamSmiththought,having more does not always translate into being happier.Evidence showsthat many people in the developing world,despite being hard-up,report being just as happyas those in the materially

14、rich societies of the West.So what now?The answer,perhaps,is to try to be rich in the enjoyment of things,not inthe accumulation(堆积)of them.A pair of good shoes,lightly creased(起皱)but alsocarefully polished(擦亮)once a month a meal cooked at home instead of a trip toMcDonaldssuch as these lie our act

15、of saving from the virus of compulsive(强迫性的)consumption.4What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?APeople tend to buy things unreasonably.BPeople refuse to cut down on consumption.CPeople all face material and energy poverty.DPeople believe in political and economic systems.5What does the und

16、erlined word“ingrained”in paragraph 4 probably mean?AHeld.BRooted.CChanged.DPossessed.6What does the author suggest?ATrying to be rich.BThe more,the better.CEnjoying what we have.DFocusing on the compulsiveconsumption.7In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?AEntertainment.BHealth.CEduc

17、ation.DEconomy.Cognitive Processing Therapy(CPT),a long-term psychological therapy,is a specifictype of cognitive behavioral therapy which reduces post-traumatic stress disorder(创伤后应激障碍)symptoms after natural disasters.Typically,CPT is delivered over 12 sessions tohelp patients learn how to modify n

18、egative attitudes and practices related to their trauma.Thegoal is that the patient then creates a new,more positive view and understanding of thetraumatic event,which reduces on-going negative effects on the patients current life.Itspecifically focuses on the core trauma themes of safety,trust,powe

19、r and control,etc.Delivered both individually and in structured group sessions,it allows for multipledifferent paths to receive effective treatments.In some studies,it has shown to be helpful incases where medicine alone has not worked.Because CPT focuses on retraining thoughts andbehaviors to form

20、practical strategies that can be applied to everyday life.Compared to othertalk-therapies,it has been especially successful,because it can be completed in a brief periodof time,allowing for a lower patient dropout rate.It also enhances brain connectivity,whichlessens long-term impacts of trauma.This

21、 increased connectivity is why cognitive behavioraltherapy is often argued to be more effective than medicine.On the other hand,there are also multiple disadvantages to CPT.Due to its structurednature,it may not be suitable for people with more complex mental health needs or learningdifficulties.Add

22、itionally,since it involves facing up to emotions and fears,patients mayexperience initial periods of additional anxiety or discomfort.Some therapists also argue thatbecause it only addresses current problems and specific issues it does not address possiblefundamental causes of mental health conditi

23、ons,and because it focuses on the individualscapacity to change themselves it does not address wider system problems that have asignificant impact on a patients health and well-being.However,focusing mainly on post-natural disasters,regardless of pre-disaster health,CPT has been repeatedly proven to

24、 be a rather successful treatment approach.Although therehave not been studies generalizing CPT for children,it is an effective treatment for adults.The clear effectiveness of CPT demonstrates the importance of patient-specific therapies thatare unique to the experiences of individual patients.8Acco

25、rding to the passage,CPT is intended to help patients _.Alearn how to modify various negative attitudes and practicesBcultivate a positive view and understanding of the traumatic eventsCminimize on-going negative effects on their previous and current lifeDfocus on the core trauma themes of safety,tr

26、ust,power,control,etc.9Compared with other talk-therapies,what feature contributes to the effectiveness ofCPT?AIts multiple treating assignments.BIts applicable strategies in daily life.CIts higher treatment fulfillment.DIts brain connectivity enhancement.10What can we infer from the last paragraph?

27、APost-disaster health is not taken into consideration in the CPT.BCPT proves to be the most successful treatment approach so far.CMore researches might be conducted into the effectiveness of CPT in children.DCPT addresses the fundamental causes of patientsmental health conditions.11What is the main

28、idea of this passage?AThe application of Cognitive Processing Therapy.BAn introduction to a long-term psychological therapy.CAbreakthrough in the psychological medical field.DThe limitations of Cognitive Processing Therapy.Despite growing concerns over tiny bits of plastic filling the worlds waterwa

29、ys,thelong-term environmental effects of that waste remain unclear.Now an experiment onfreshwater sediment(沉积物)communities exposed to microplastics for over a year helpsclarify how harmful this pollution can be.Researchers put trays(托盘)of sediment littered with different amounts of polystyrene(a ver

30、y light soft plastic)particles(颗粒)ranging from 0 to 5 percent plastic in thebottom of an outdoor waterway where bugs,snails and other little creatures colonized themud.After 15 months,fewer organisms were found living in the trays with 5 percentpolystyrene than in trays with less plastic,largely bec

31、ause fewer Naididae worms lived in themost polluted mud.The trays with 0 to 0.5 percent microplastic averaged between about 500and 800 worms per tray,while mud with 5 percent plastic averaged fewer than 300,researchers reported January 31 in Science Advances.That reduction in Naididae worms suggests

32、 that severe microplastic pollution can throwfreshwater ecosystems out of balance.The 5 percent plastic concentration where researcherssaw a major drop in the Naididae worm population has more pollution than what is typicallyfound in freshwater sediment,says study coauthor Bart Koelmans,who studies

33、aquaticecology at Wageningen University&Research in the Netherlands.“Its a really important piece of work,”says Richard Thompson,who studiesenvironmental effects of plastic pollution at the University of Plymouth in England but wasnot involved in the study.“Most of our understanding about the impact

34、s of small pieces ofplastic comes from laboratory studies over several weeks.The new experiment gets closer toassessing microplastics long-term,real-world effects,”he says.Just because the researchers didnt observe a significant effect on these freshwatercommunities at lower plastic concentrations“d

35、oesnt mean that there are no effects,”saysAna Lusa Patrfcio Silva,an ecotoxicologist at the University ofAveiro in Portugal notinvolved in the work.Simply keeping a count of the organisms living in mud with a certainamount of pollution doesnt rule out the possibility that microplastics weaken the cr

36、eaturesability to function normally,she says.12Whats the purpose of the experiment?ATo clear up the microplastics in waterways.BTo reduce peoples concerms over plastic pollution.CTo see how worms live in harmony with each other.DTo identify the harmful effect of plastic in waterways.13What can we le

37、arn from paragraph 2?AThe theory of the experiment.BThe process of the experiment.CThe participants of the experiment.DThe significance of the experiment.14The author tells us that Naididae worms_.Aare the most sensitive to plasticBare not affected by plastic pollutionCare a sign of freshwater ecosy

38、stem balanceDremain least in water with 1 percent plastic15WhatsAnas attitude towards the findings?AFavorable.BSkeptical.CAmbiguous.DUncaring.第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）Wearing a face mask will keep you and others safer when you have to leave the house._16_.But the bad news is that you now realize y

39、ou suffer from unpleasant smells.Here are four ways to combat bad breath and make wearing a mask a more pleasantexperience.Keep away from certain foodsOnions and garlic not only add flavor to many foods but also add smells that are noteasily brushed away.The substances that cause their bad smells ma

40、ke their way into yourbloodstream and travel to your lungs,where you breathe them out._17_._18_Saliva(唾液)is the key ingredient in your mouth that helps keep the smell under controlbecause it helps wash away food particles and bacteria.If you are not producing much saliva,try drinking water or chewin

41、g sugarless gum.Brush your teethYoud better brush your teeth at least twice a day to reduce harmful bacteria on yourteeth.The sticky buildup on your teeth collects bacteria that cause bad breath,and trappedfood adds to the problem._19_.It is proved that if you brush too hard,you can weardown your te

42、eth,making them vulnerable to decay.Brush your tongue_20_.It can end up on your tongue.To rid your tongue of smellcausingbacteria,remember to brush it when you clean your teeth.If your toothbrush is too big toreach the back of your tongue,buy a tool used for removing the accumulation.AAvoid dry mout

43、hBWash your handsCThats the good newsDBuy a proper toothbrush insteadEBacteria dont just live on your teethFBut the experts warn against overdoing it.GAvoiding those foods is the best way to get rid of the problem第二部分语言第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）分）第一节（共 20 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A

44、、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。There is a fine line between a parent who is active and open-minded and one that doesntknow when to let go.As my daughter,Nicole,_21_ to leave home for college,Imdiscovering how hard it is to stay on the right side of this line.When I hold _22_ theapron strings(围裙带)connect

45、ing us,Nicole,eager to _23_ independence,tries toloosen my grasp.What _24_ is an awkward mother-daughter,push-me,pull-you kind oftango.For the past two years,its gone like this:Mothers question:“Have you thought of taking an advanced placement class(高阶课程)so that you can _25_ college credit?”Daughter

46、s response:“No,Im not interested in that.”I bit my lip a few times and Nicole shot me a few glares.Two months ago,she was _26_ to a great university.However,I was still themother having a _27_ time letting go.The night before the introductory meeting of theuniversity,I had read the course catalog ca

47、refully and _28_ courses which I thoughtlooked good.We met on the campus the next afternoon,and Nicoles face _29_ withexcitement,“I have had my entire schedule figured out,”she said.“Already?”I wasastonished,_30_ she should have discussed it with me.I examined the schedule.Nicolehadnt taken a(an)_31

48、_ one of the courses I had suggested.Every course she hadchosen _32_ suited her interests.Just then I saw a mature,capable young woman with a_33_ mind and the ability to shape her future.She no longer needed her mother toevaluate every _34_ she made.I felt proud,though still a bit _35_.I _36_ the le

49、ssons carefully.Nicole has _37_ to learn over the past 18 years:responsibility,sympathy,and hard work.There have been a few holes along the way._38_,she is well-equipped and eager to _39_ the future.The next step,I recognized,was mine to take:giving my daughter and myself the _40_ we both needed.21A

50、devotesBsupposesCpreparesDgraduates22AontoBupCbackDout23AkeepBrefuseCbearDtaste24AleavesBcausesCresultsDtakes25AsucceedBearnCapproveDneed26AreceivedBinvitedCadmittedDtreated27AgoodBgreatCeasyDhard28AtakenBemphasizedCselectedDoffered29Alit upBbuilt upCturned upDmade up30AimaginingBhopingCthinkingDadd