行动研究概述定义与意义课件.pptx

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1、1Topics for 9:00-10:10什么是参与式的研修模式什么是参与式的研修模式什么是行动研究？什么是行动研究？为什么要开展行动研究？为什么要开展行动研究？2传统研修班学习流程传统研修班学习流程3研修班概念学习流程individualsocialSocialindividualIndividualIndividual4Topics for 9:00-10:10什么是参与式的研修模式什么是参与式的研修模式什么是行动研究？什么是行动研究？为什么要开展行动研究？为什么要开展行动研究？5学习新概念的基本方法What it is and what it is not 比较和对比思维分析问题的基本

2、方法研修班的基本教学方法6激活你过去的经验和知识激活你过去的经验和知识你听说过行动研究吗？你听说过行动研究吗？你尝试过吗？你尝试过吗？你是自己单人尝试你是自己单人尝试,还是与同事一起尝试？还是与同事一起尝试？7什么是行动研究？什么是行动研究？任务任务1:1:请用一、二句话写出请用一、二句话写出你对行动研究的理解，并举你对行动研究的理解，并举出一个例子说明。出一个例子说明。(2(2分钟）分钟）8练习肯定不是肯定不是可能不是可能不是可能是可能是肯定是肯定是(The following examples were given by Anne Burns with some modifications

3、 by myself)9Example 1 A university lecturer gave a questionnaire about the use of computers in language teaching to 500 teachers.Statistics were used to analyse the questionnaires.The lecturer wrote an article about the work in an academic journal.1=1=肯定不是肯定不是10Example 2 Two teachers were both inter

4、ested in discipline.They observed each others lessons once a week for three months and made notes about how they controlled their classes.They discussed their notes and wrote a short article about what they learned for the newsletter of the national language teachers association.2=2=可能不是可能不是11Exampl

5、e 3 A teacher noticed that an activity she used in class did not work well.She thought about this after the lesson and made some notes in her diary.She tried something different in her next lesson.This time the activity was more successful.3=3=可能是可能是12Example 4 Mid-way through a course,a teacher gav

6、e a class of 30 students a feedback form.The next day,25 students handed in their completed forms.The teacher read these and used the information to decide what to do in the second part of the course.Afterwards,she made some changes in her teaching according to the students feedback.Meanwhile,she cl

7、osely observed the students responses to her new actions and interviewed some of them once in a week.She wrote journals to record her feelings and reflections.Finally,she wrote a paper to report what she has done for her course.4=4=肯定是肯定是13什么是行动研究？什么是行动研究？任务任务1:1:请用一、二句话写出请用一、二句话写出你对行动研究的理解，并举你对行动研究

8、的理解，并举出一个例子说明。出一个例子说明。(2(2分钟）分钟）14任务任务2:2:请与同伴交流你对行请与同伴交流你对行动研究的看法。动研究的看法。(2分钟）分钟）15任务任务3：大班讨论：大班讨论“什么是什么是行动研究？行动研究？”（10分钟）分钟）16Paper OnePaper OneDefining action research(1)Defining action research(1)It seeks to bring together with action and It seeks to bring together with action and reflection,the

9、ory and practice,in reflection,theory and practice,in participation with others,in the pursuit of participation with others,in the pursuit of practical solutions to issues of pressing practical solutions to issues of pressing concern to people,and more generally the concern to people,and more genera

10、lly the flourishing of individual persons and their flourishing of individual persons and their communities(Reason and Bradbury,2001:communities(Reason and Bradbury,2001:p.1)p.1)行动研究的对象、目的、方式行动研究的对象、目的、方式17Burns definition(1999:24)The major focus of action research is on concrete and practical issue

11、s of immediate concern to particular social groups or communities.It is conducted in naturally occurring settings,primarily using methods common to qualitative research(Nunan 1992;McKernan 1996)such as observing and recording events and behaviors.Its approaches are essentially participatory,in that

12、they are conducted by and with members of the actual community under study(Bailey 1998)18Other definitionsOther definitionsAR is a common methodology employed for AR is a common methodology employed for improving conditions and practice in improving conditions and practice in classrooms and in other

13、 practitioner-based classrooms and in other practitioner-based environments.Unlike research that environments.Unlike research that produces findings without action,the spiral produces findings without action,the spiral and cyclical research process leads to action and cyclical research process leads

14、 to action and improvement.AR is typically and improvement.AR is typically community-based.In addition,AR is community-based.In addition,AR is considered a field-intensive process (Craig,considered a field-intensive process (Craig,2009)2009)19Review什么是行动研究？什么是行动研究？20总结：行动研究的定义以解决现实问题与改善现状为目以解决现实问题与改

15、善现状为目的，具有行动性、参与性、探索的，具有行动性、参与性、探索性（动态性）、反思性特征的研性（动态性）、反思性特征的研究究用系统的方法寻求某个问题的答案用系统的方法寻求某个问题的答案21行动研究案例举例行动研究案例举例案例案例1 1：语言实验室中的口语教学：语言实验室中的口语教学问题：大班交流机会少；固定座位学生无法交流问题：大班交流机会少；固定座位学生无法交流目标：提高学生口语表达的机会，增加教师对学生口语目标：提高学生口语表达的机会，增加教师对学生口语练习的监控和帮助练习的监控和帮助行动方案：在口语实验室中上口语课，进行单人、对子、行动方案：在口语实验室中上口语课，进行单人、对子、小组

16、口语实践，一学期；小组口语实践，一学期；2929个学生个学生行动研究结果：学生口语实践时间大大增加；教师对学行动研究结果：学生口语实践时间大大增加；教师对学生口语练习的反馈形式多样生口语练习的反馈形式多样不足之处：形式单一、缺少面对面的交流不足之处：形式单一、缺少面对面的交流（外语界外语界19981998年第年第1 1期：评价语言实验室内的口期：评价语言实验室内的口语教学）语教学）22行动研究案例举例行动研究案例举例案例案例2 2：创设综合素质实践课：创设综合素质实践课背景：培养学生的综合素质为的是培养具有较背景：培养学生的综合素质为的是培养具有较强应变能力的大学毕业生强应变能力的大学毕业生行

17、动方案：增设一门行动方案：增设一门3-43-4周的综合素质实践课；周的综合素质实践课；跨年级、跨班级的模拟实践活动跨年级、跨班级的模拟实践活动必选项目和自选项目必选项目和自选项目信息检索和处理信息检索和处理英语辩论、英语戏剧、英文报纸英语辩论、英语戏剧、英文报纸/杂志编辑、英语杂志编辑、英语电视短片制作、电影配音与评论电视短片制作、电影配音与评论评价体系评价体系课程效果课程效果23行动研究的分类行动研究的分类微观问题驱动（来自于个人实践）微观问题驱动（来自于个人实践）宏观问题驱动（来自于群体实践）宏观问题驱动（来自于群体实践）个体行动研究个体行动研究合作行动研究合作行动研究 Burns,A.1

18、999.Collaborative action research for English language teachers.Cambridge:Cambridge University24行动研究选题与设计行动研究选题与设计25研修班调查研修班调查 任务任务4 4请看下列案例能算做行动请看下列案例能算做行动研究吗？研究吗？26下列案例能算行动研究吗？下列案例能算行动研究吗？北大在高考招生中实行北大在高考招生中实行“校长实名推荐制校长实名推荐制”。国务院的大部制改革几年前在广东试点。国务院的大部制改革几年前在广东试点。我国的改革开放首先在深圳建立特区进行试我国的改革开放首先在深圳建立特区进行

19、试点。点。为了有效提高本研修班的效果，我们采用形为了有效提高本研修班的效果，我们采用形成性评估的方法，随时监控本研修班的学习成性评估的方法，随时监控本研修班的学习情况，并采用多种方法收集学员的反馈，并情况，并采用多种方法收集学员的反馈，并据此作出调整。据此作出调整。为了改变学生与老师的交流方式，教师改变为了改变学生与老师的交流方式，教师改变了教室内座椅摆放的方式。了教室内座椅摆放的方式。27研修班调查研修班调查 任务任务6 6请看下列哪些问题适合开请看下列哪些问题适合开展行动研究？展行动研究？28一位大学英语教师从入职到胜任工一位大学英语教师从入职到胜任工作需要经过哪些阶段？作需要经过哪些阶段

20、？我怎样通过形成性评估来提高课堂我怎样通过形成性评估来提高课堂教学的质量？教学的质量？我该如何调动学生英文写作的积极我该如何调动学生英文写作的积极性？性？影响学生英文写作积极性的因素有影响学生英文写作积极性的因素有哪些？哪些？2930什么是行动性？l actionality,actionablel 访谈l 观察l 设计问卷lRefers to the actions taken to solve practical problems and produce better changes rather than any actions done by the researchers31行动研究与

21、其它研究的区别行动研究与其它研究的区别行动性行动性参与性参与性探索性探索性反思性反思性问卷调查问卷调查实验研究实验研究个案研究个案研究行动研究行动研究？32Example 1 A university lecturer gave a questionnaire about the use of computers in language teaching to 500 teachers.Statistics were used to analyse the questionnaires.The lecturer wrote an article about the work in an aca

22、demic journal.1=1=肯定不是肯定不是33Example 2 Two teachers were both interested in discipline.They observed each others lessons once a week for three months and made notes about how they controlled their classes.They discussed their notes and wrote a short article about what they learned for the newsletter

23、of the national language teachers association.2=2=可能不是可能不是34Example 3 A teacher noticed that an activity she used in class did not work well.She thought about this after the lesson and made some notes in her diary.She tried something different in her next lesson.This time the activity was more succe

24、ssful.3=3=可能是可能是35Example 4 Mid-way through a course,a teacher gave a class of 30 students a feedback form.The next day,25 students handed in their completed forms.The teacher read these and used the information to decide what to do in the second part of the course.Afterwards,she made some changes i

25、n her teaching according to the students feedback.Meanwhile,she closely observed the students responses to her new actions and interviewed some of them once in a week.She wrote journals to record her feelings and reflections.Finally,she wrote a paper to report what she has done for her course.4=4=肯定

26、是肯定是36Topics for 9:00-10:10什么是参与式的研修模式什么是参与式的研修模式什么是行动研究？什么是行动研究？为什么要开展行动研究？为什么要开展行动研究？37研修班调查研修班调查 任务任务7 7你参加本次研修班的动因你参加本次研修班的动因是什么？请用一、二句话是什么？请用一、二句话概括出你的动机。概括出你的动机。38Paper OnePaper OneA shared commitment to democratic social A shared commitment to democratic social change(3)change(3)“research int

27、o our ways of life cannot be“research into our ways of life cannot be conducted in the same,value-free way as in the conducted in the same,value-free way as in the natural sciences”(p.13)natural sciences”(p.13)Knowledge comes from doing.Action Knowledge comes from doing.Action researchers feel compe

28、lled to act collectively on researchers feel compelled to act collectively on and with that knowledge(p.14).and with that knowledge(p.14).Action researchers are doers.Action researchers are doers.39Paper OnePaper OneThe integration of theory and practice(4)The integration of theory and practice(4).a

29、ction research goes beyond the notion that.action research goes beyond the notion that theory can inform practice,to a recognition that theory can inform practice,to a recognition that theory can and should be generated through theory can and should be generated through practice,.that theory is real

30、ly only useful practice,.that theory is really only useful insofar as it is put in the service of a practice insofar as it is put in the service of a practice focused on achieving positive social change focused on achieving positive social change(p.15)(p.15)There is much work left to be done in Ther

31、e is much work left to be done in adequately articulating strong theoretical adequately articulating strong theoretical foundations for our work as action researchers foundations for our work as action researchers(p.16)(p.16)40为什么要开展行动研究？社会责任社会责任理论与实践的关系理论与实践的关系教师成长的必要手段教师成长的必要手段提高教学能力提高教学能力提高教学科研能力

32、提高教学科研能力提高反思能力：自我发展的动力提高反思能力：自我发展的动力41总结：行动研究的必要性总结：行动研究的必要性理论来源于实践，又要用于指导实理论来源于实践，又要用于指导实践，离开实践的理论只能算是推测践，离开实践的理论只能算是推测与假设与假设理论的终极价值是引导社会产生积理论的终极价值是引导社会产生积极的变化，使人类生活更美好。极的变化，使人类生活更美好。人的成长与社会进步都需要理论联人的成长与社会进步都需要理论联系实际的行动研究系实际的行动研究42教师从事行动研究的益处教师从事行动研究的益处有利于教师成长有利于教师成长有利于教学质量的提高有利于教学质量的提高有利于促进教师之间的合作有利于促进教师之间的合作有利于团队建设有利于团队建设