【中考英语】现在完成时(知识点+练习题)大全课件.pptx

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1、现在完成时现在完成时的含义用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系:动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。Theyhaveleft.-他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里Ihavehadmylunch.-我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。HehaslearnedEnglishsince2001.-从2001年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢nowpastfuture一般过去时现在完成时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响构成：肯定式：肯

2、定式：主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.疑问式：疑问式：助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?否定式否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词.例句：I have already had lunch.Have you had lunch yet?Yes,I have.No,I havent.I havent had lunch yet.按要求改变句子。1.She has done her homework.(改否定句)2.She has already told us the news.(改否定句)3.The rain has already stoppe

3、d.(改一般疑问句)4.I have waited here for two hours.(划线提问)5.He has lived in ShangHai since he left Beijing.(划线提问)6.They have bought a new car,_ _?(反义疑问句)7.She has learned French since 2002.(同意句)She has learned French _ 2 years.She has learned French _ 2 years _.She hasnt done her homework.She hasnt told us

4、 the news yet.Has the rain stopped yet?How long have you waited here?havent they forsinceagoWhere has he lived since he left Beijing?6动词过去分词的变化规则动词过去分词的变化规则规则变化：1、一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：workedplayedwantedacted2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：livedmoveddecidedhoped 3、以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：studiedtriedcopied

5、cried 4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stoppedbeggeddroppedplanned7不规则变化AB型can-couldshall-shouldwill-wouldmay-mightAAA型cost-cost-costcut-cut-cuthit-hit-hithurt-hurt-hurtlet-let-letput-put-putset-set-setshut-shut-shutread-read-readAAB型beat-beat-beatenABA型become-became-becomecome-came-comerun-ran-

6、run写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词1 become_-_2 break_-_3 bring _-_4 build_-_5 bite_-_6 catch_-_7 choose_-_8 cut_-_9 fall_-_10 fly_-_11 forget_-_12 grow_-_13 hit_-_14 hurt_-_15 keep_-_16 lend_-_17 lose_-_18 meet_-_19 put_-_20read_-_21 ring_-_became becomebroke brokenbrought broughtbuilt builtbit bitca

7、ught caughtchose chosencut cutfell fallenflew flownforgot forgottengrew grownhit hithurt hurtkept keptlent lentlost lostmet metput putread readrang rung现在完成时标志词1在表示“表示发生在过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响”时，现在完成时常和副词already,yet,never,ever,before,just等连用。a）already往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强 调或加强语气；yet用于否定句和疑问句。b）never是否定词，表示“从来

8、没有”，而ever表示“曾经”c）just表示“刚刚”（用于完成时态时，与already，never等副词的位置一样，多用在助动词have/has和动词过去分词之间）注意：注意：just:just:刚刚，与现在完成时连用刚刚，与现在完成时连用just now:just now:刚才，与一般过去时连用刚才，与一般过去时连用e.g.I have just bought a pen I bought a pen just now.before VS ago 在之前【考查点】辨析：before与ago ago 是副词，“以前”。它指从此刻起若干时间以前，常与过去时连用。【例句】His parents

9、died ten years ago.before 也可以用作副词，表示“以前”，常与完成时连用。也可放在时间点之前。【例句】I have never been there before.Please come here before six oclock.I remember seeing you somewhere 2 years_.I have read the novel_.答案：agobefore解题思路：ago常与过去时连用before常与完成时连用现在完成时标志词2在表示“动作发生在过去，并且一直延续到现在，甚至还可能继续延续下去。”时，现在完成时常与与since+since+过

10、去过去的时间点，的时间点，for+for+一段时间，一段时间，so far so far,up to now,up to now等时间状语等时间状语连用。连用。since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）达）for+时间段时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法的用法:Takenot

11、es注1):since也可单独使用,表示“自那时起”;另外since前也可加上ever,以加强语气.Eg.Ihavebeenhere(ever)since.Ihavebeenhere(ever)sinceIgraduatedin2000.注2):对for或since引导的时间状语提问必须用howlong,决不能用when.Eg.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?Shehasstoodheresince2hourago.Howlonghasshestoodhere?现在完成时现在完成时现在完成时现在完成时构成构成用法用法常用状语常用

12、状语1.have+动词过去分词动词过去分词2.has+动词过去分词动词过去分词1.从过去一直到现在，从过去一直到现在，还有可能持续下去还有可能持续下去.2.强调完成，强调完成，对现在有影响对现在有影响.ever,already,yet,before,never，for，since完成时的完成时的4个重要考点个重要考点1.Since&for2.have gone to have been to have been in 区别3.区别过去时4.短暂性动词的使用难点一：Since&forfor+一段时间since+过去某一时间点since+一般过去时的时间从句一般过去时的时间从句since一段时间a

13、go用for 或since填空1.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.2.Ive taken driving lessons _last month.3.My sister has had her cell phone _a month.4.My friends havent visited me _my birthday.5.We havent used our car _ a long time.6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _years.7.Tom has worn glasses _he was 7 year

14、s old.forsinceforsinceforforsincehave been 与have gone 的用法比较 havebeento意思是意思是“到过，去过到过，去过”，表示，表示曾经到过某曾经到过某处处，但现在人不在那儿。，但现在人不在那儿。havegoneto意思是意思是“去了去了”，表示，表示已经去了已经去了某地，某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。havebeenin意思是意思是“呆在某处一段时间了呆在某处一段时间了”难点二 ShehasbeentoShanghai.（她曾经到过上海）她曾经到过上海）ShehasbeeninShanghai

15、foraweek.(仍然在上海）仍然在上海）ShehasgonetoShanghai她到上海去了（可能在去上海的路上，或已经到上海，总之现在没有回来）（可能在去上海的路上，或已经到上海，总之现在没有回来）难点二用have/has been to,have/has gone to填空：1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be back soon.2._ you ever _ to America?Yes,I _ New York twice.3.Here you are at last!Where _ you _?I _ London.4.Dav

16、id _ Australia.Im sure hes already arrived.5.Is Benny here?No,he _ the school library.He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to难点三：与过去式的区别？Ivelivedherefortenyears.我在这里住了10年（现在仍住这儿）Ilivedherefortenyears.我在这里住过10年（现在不住这儿了）Iwasateacher.Ihave

17、beenateacher.Icleanedtheblackboardhalfanhourago.（只说明（只说明“擦擦”黑板和其发生的时间）黑板和其发生的时间）Ihavecleanedtheblackboard.（说明现在黑板是干净的）（说明现在黑板是干净的）eg 3 eg 3：He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.他已经买了一本英汉字典。他已经买了一本英汉字典。He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.He bough

18、t an English-Chinese dictionary.他曾买过一他曾买过一本英汉字典。本英汉字典。上一页下一页 第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：第一句用现在完成时时态，想表达意为：“He He bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And bought an English-Chinese dictionary.And he still has it”“he still has it”“过去他买了一本英汉字典，过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典现在他还有这本字典”。第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过

19、一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强 调说明。调说明。主菜单二当有一个表示二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时般过去时:上一页下一页eg:I saw the film on television yesterday.但但since(since(自自以以来来)+)+某某一一过过去去时时间间或或叙叙述述过过去去事事情情的的从从句句总总是是与与现现在在完完成成时时连用。连用。eg：They have known each other since 1950.Sinc

20、e he was a child,he has lived in England.主菜单The present perfect tense&thesimple past tense现在完成时:强调的是这一动作与现在的关系,对现在产生的结果或影响等,不能与表过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时:只着重说明动作发生在过去，与现在无关，常与具体的过去时间状语连用。Exercises:1.We _(study)English for about five years.We_(begin)to study it five years ago.2.They _(move)to the south in 1990

21、 and _(live)there since then.3.Eric _(leave)home last year but now he _(come)back.have studiedbeganmovedhave livedhas comeleft1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.His grandpa has died for 2 years.Nick has joined the army for 3 years.He has left Shenzhen for along time.I have borrowe

22、d the book for 4 months.XXXX实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词(die,join,leave,borrow等)2)延续动词(wait,know,learn等)注意注意:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词2)延续动词瞬间动词瞬间动词joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意:瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和时间段时间段连用连用.method 1:动作动作状态状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish jo

23、in marrykeep/had be away be here be on(上演）be married be in be dead1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.Nick has been in the army for 3 years.He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.I have had/kept the book for 4 months.难点三：短暂性动词短暂性动词不能用于“

24、现在完成时+表示一段时间的状语时间的状语”（for，since）的句型中。）的句型中。举例：come,go,start,leave,die,buy,finish,join,borrow,stop等。注意：注意：1.这些动词这些动词可用于可用于现在完成时；现在完成时；2.但不能和表示一段时间的状语（但不能和表示一段时间的状语（howlong，for，since）连用）连用 3.需要用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换需要用表示持续状态的相应的延续性动词替换注意：瞬间动词在肯定句中不能与for，since等表示一段时间的时间状语连用概念:延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久

25、影响。如：learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。瞬间动词也称非延续性动词、终止性动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,reach,getto,leave,die,borrow,buy等。电影开始已经有15分钟了。他离开家已经有2年了。他死了有4年了。自从我们在学校相遇就成为朋友已经3年了。电影开始已经有15分钟了。Themoviehasbeenonfor15minutes

26、.他离开家已经有2年了。Hehasbeenawayfromhomefor2years.他死了有4年了。Hehasbeendeadfor4years.自从我们在学校相遇就成为朋友已经3年了。Wehavebeenfriendssincewemetatschool.注意：1)(对)Tom has studied Russian for three years.=Tom began to study Russian three years ago,and is still studying it now.2)(错)Harry has got married for six years.=Harry b

27、egan to get married six years ago,and is still getting married now.改为:Harry got married six years ago.或 Harry has been married for six years.e.g.误I have received his letter for two days.正I received his letter two days ago.I have had his letter for two days.It is two days since I received his letter.

28、*瞬间动词在否定句中则可以与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。I havent received his letter for a long time.He hasnt married since he broke up with his girlfriend.Translation:他的爷爷已经去世他的爷爷已经去世2 2年了。年了。Nick Nick 参军参军3 3年了年了.他离开深圳好长时间了。他离开深圳好长时间了。这本书我已借了这本书我已借了4 4个月了个月了.His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.Nick has been in the army for

29、 3 years.He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.I have kept the book for 4 months.完成时的特殊用法用法用法1 1：表示一个过去发生的动作到现在为止已完成或刚刚表示一个过去发生的动作到现在为止已完成或刚刚完成。完成。Now we have planted all the trees.He has turned off the light.Up to now,the program has saved thousands of children.A:“Would you like something

30、to eat?”B:“No,thanks.Ive just had lunch.”All of us have heard this many times.I have visited Beijing three times.You dont need to describe her;I have met her several times.用法2：表示过去发生的一次或多次的动作，一般汉语译为“过”，常带有once，twice,threetimes等频度时间状语句型一:Itis/hasbeen+时间段since+一般过去时的句子.1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.It is

31、/has been 2 years since his grandpa died.It is/has been 3 years since Nick joined the army.用法3：用于某些特殊句型句型二:This/It is the first/second 等序数词 time+that 从句(谓语动词用现在完成时)Its the first time that Miss Liu has been to Taojiang.句型三：It/This/That is the 最高级+名词 that 从句（谓语动词用现在完成时）Its the best film that I have ev

32、er seen.have/has gone to&have/has been to 1.have/has been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已回来）”2.have/has gone to 表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）“前者可与once,never,severaltimes等连用,后者则不能 e.g.我曾经去过三次意大利。I have been to Italy three times.他去哈尔滨了。He has gone to Harbin.Summary:用法一：(不确定的)过去发生的动作对现在产生影 响或造成结果。用法二:表示从过去开始并持续到现在的动作或状态，也可能继续持续下去

33、。用法三：过去发生的动作到现在为止已完成或刚完成。用法四：过去发生的一次或多次的动作。用法五：用于某些特殊句型根据情景用动词的适当形式填空A：I _(not see)George since he_(leave)this school a year ago._ you ever _(see)him again?B：Yes,I have.I _(meet)him a few days ago.A：Where _ you _(meet)him?B：I _(meet)him in the museum.He was looking at some paintings when I _(see)him

34、.We _(say)hello to each other.havent seen lefthaveseenmetdid meetmetsawsaid写出下列动词的过去式及过去分词。1 leave-_-_2 catch-_-_3 tell-_-_4 stand-_-_5 get-_-_6 hurt-_-_7 put-_-_8 come-_-_9 run-_-_10 begin-_-_11 swim-_-_12 draw-_-_13 know-_-_14 do-_-_15 go-_-_16 give-_-_17 see-_-_18 drive-_-_19 take-_-_20 be-_-_21

35、eat-_-_22 write-_-_23 speak-_-_24 steal-_-_25 tear-_-_ left left caught caught told told stood stood got got hurt hurt put put came come ran run began begun swam swum drew drawn knew known did done went gone gave given saw seen drove driven took taken was,were been ate eaten wrote written spoke spok

36、en stole stolen tore tornPlease remember them.Please remember them.Practice：1.Can you give me the right answer?Sorry,I _ Would you please repeat that question?A.havent listened B.hadnt listenedC.dont listen D.wasnt listening 2.When you get the paper back,pay special attention to what _.A.have marked

37、 B.have been markedC.had marked D.had been marked3.It seems that she is thinking about something.Yes,she can not remember what key she _ to her computer.A.set B.has set C.had set D.sets 4.Danny _ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.A.works B.is workingC.has worked D.worked5.He d

38、idnt give up the plan though he _many times.A.would fail B.was failing C.had failed D.has failedTrue or False:1.He has been to the shop.Hell be back soon.2.I havent received his letter for a long time.3.I have received his letter for two days.4.This is the most interesting book that I had read.5.He

39、has bought the car last Friday.gonehadhave这些题目对了才算关过哟！1.Oh,Mrs.King,your necklace looks nice.Is it new?No,I _ it for two years.A.had B.have had C.bought D.have bought 2.His grandfather _ for over two years.A.has died B.has been dead C.has dead D.died 3.Uncle Li can speak English very well because he

40、 _ England for 5 years.A.has gone to B.has been to C.has come to D.has been in4.Where is Mr.Zhang?He _ London.A.has been to B.has been C.has gone D.has gone to5._ to the United States?No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago.A.Have you been B.Have you gone C.Did you go D.Will you go 6.I havent

41、seen you _ last Friday.A.for B.since C.from D.on用所给动词的适当形式填空1.I_(wait)forhimfortwohours.Iamveryangry.2.He_(be)adoctorsincehewastwenty.3.Thefilm_(be)onforfifteenminutes.4._youever_(read)thatbookbefore?5._youever_(try)tochangeher?6.Noone_(arrive)hereyet.7._thebus_(leave)yet?8.I_(nottalk)tohimyet.改改 错错1.Howlonghaveyoubegun to studyEnglish?2.Ihaveborrowedthisbookfortwoweeks.3.Theriverhas becomeverydirtysincelastAugust.4.Ourmanagerisawaytoday.HehasbeentoGuangzhouonbusiness.5.Hehasgoneoutfortwoyears.studiedkeptbeengonebeen下一页上一页主菜单Thankyou!