北师大版高中英语必修4同步课件全套.pptx

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1、合作探究自主预习合作探究自主预习单词注释难句剖析导读诱思CultureShockWhatiscultureshock?Cultureshockdescribestheinfluenceofmovingfromafamiliarculturetoonewhichisunfamiliar.Itisanexperiencedescribedbypeoplewhohavetravelledabroadtowork,liveorstudy;itcanbefelttoacertainextent1evenwhenpeopleareabroadonholiday.Itcanaffectanyone.Itin

2、cludestheshockofanewenvironment,meetinglotsofnewpeopleandlearningnewwaysofadifferentcountry.Italsoincludestheshockofbeingseparatedfromtheimportantpeopleinyourlife,maybefamily,friends,colleagues,teachers:peopleyouwouldusuallytalktoattimesofuncertainty2;peoplewhogiveyousupportandguidance3.Whenfamiliar

3、sights,sounds,smellsortastesarenolongerthereyoucanmissthemverymuch.合作探究自主预习单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Whataretheeffectsofcultureshock?Someofthesymptoms4ofcultureshockcanbeworryingthemselves.Forexample,youmayfindyourhealthisaffectedandyoumaygetheadachesorstomachachesoryoumaystartworryingaboutyourhealthmorethanbefor

4、e.Youmayfinditdifficulttoconcentrateandasaresultfindithardertofocusonyourwork.Alloftheseeffectscanincreaseyouranxiety.HowtohelpyourselfThefollowingmaybehelpful:talktosomeone;useyourphone;keepbusy;makearealefforttojoinsocieties.合作探究自主预习单词注释难句剖析导读诱思1.toacertainextent在一定程度上2.uncertainty/nstnti/n.不确定性3.

5、guidance/aIdns/n.指导4.symptom/sImptm/n.症状合作探究自主预习单词注释难句剖析导读诱思Itisanexperiencedescribedbypeoplewhohavetravelledabroadtowork,liveorstudy;itcanbefelttoacertainextentevenwhenpeopleareabroadonholiday.译文:这是由出国工作、生活或学习的人所描述的一种经历,甚至出国度假的人在一定程度上也有这种感觉。剖析:该句是由分号连接的两个句子构成,第一个句子的主干是Itisanexperience,describedbype

6、ople是过去分词作定语修饰anexperience;whohavetravelledabroadtowork,liveorstudy是定语从句修饰people;在第二个句子中,when引导时间状语从句。合作探究自主预习单词注释难句剖析导读诱思1.Whatcausescultureshock?2.Howmanysuggestionsaregiventogetridofyourcultureshock?答案:Movingfromafamiliarculturetoanunfamiliarone.答案:Four.阅读短文,回答问题:合作探究自主预习一二三四五一、说起英语,英国一定是许多人首先想到的

7、国家。除了得天独厚的语言优势外,英国在其他许多方面也吸引了海外学子和游客的目光。你对英国又有怎样的了解呢?请仿照下面的示例记录你对这个国家的了解例:Universities:OxfordUniversity.1.Sports:.2.Buildings:.3.Transport:4.Writers:.5.Weather:footballStPaulsCathedralundergroundShakespearefoggy一二三四五二、从课文中找出下列短语并翻译1.bebusydoingsth.2.bedifferentfrom3.payfor4.firstofall5.asaresult6.at

8、least7.(be)confusedabout8.talkof忙于做某事与不同为付款首先结果至少,最少对感到困惑说起,谈起一二三四五三、从课文中找出与下列英文释义对应的单词1.tofeelthatyoushouldgivesomeoneanexplanationofwhyyoudidsomething,orsayyouaresorry2.somethingthatyousayorwritetoshowthatyouaresorryfordoingsomethingwrong3.toreadorhearalargeamountofnewinformationandunderstandit4.c

9、ontinuingforashorttimeorusingveryfewwordsorincludingfewdetails5.whatyouthinkorhopewillhappen6.togivesomeonesomethingandreceivethesamekindofthingfromthematthesametimeoweapologyabsorbbriefexpectationexchange一二三四五7.towalkslowlyacrossoraroundanarea,usuallywithoutacleardirectionorpurpose8.mostofthepeople

10、orthingsinagroup9.fairandsensible10.tomakearrangementsforstayinginaplace,eatinarestaurant,gotoatheatre,etc.ataparticulartimeinthefuturewandermajorityreasonablebook一二三四五四、快速阅读课文,选择正确答案1.ThelettertoAuntMeiwaswritten.A.beforeAuntMeisvisittoLondonB.duringAuntMeisvisittoLondonC.afterAuntMeisvisittoLondon

11、D.untilAuntMeisvisittoLondon2.Xiaojinwaswritingtheletterto.A.makeanapologytoAuntMeiB.thankAuntMeiforhervisittoherC.inviteAuntMeitovisitLondonD.tellAuntMeisomethingaboutLondon答案:A答案:D一二三四五3.OnceXiaojinhadamealatarestaurant,whenshepaidthebill,shefounditwas19poundsandthetipwasnotincluded,sosheleftforth

12、ewaiter.A.0.19B.19C.2D.3.84.WhenhikingintheEnglishcountryside,onehadbetter.A.notwanderthroughthefieldsB.makesurewhetherthemushroomshepicksareeatableC.wearcoolclothesD.listentotheweatherreportbeforegoing答案:C答案:B一二三四五5.BritishhumourandChinesehumour.A.havenosimilarityB.havenodifferenceC.arealmostthesam

13、eD.aredifferentfromeachother6.Fromtheletter,weknowmanythingsaboutBritainexcept.A.whatforbreakfastB.tippingsystemC.educationD.weather答案:D答案:C一二三四五五、根据课文内容填空DearAuntMei,Howtimeflies!Ithasbeen6months1.Icamehere.Ioweyouan2.(apologise)fornotwritingtoyoumoreoften.Ivebeenbusystudyingandtryingtoabsorballthe

14、newthingsaroundmeforImstillexperiencingcultureshock.sinceapology一二三四五ImgladyoullvisitmesoonandIlltellyousomethingaboutLondon.Londonisaninternationalcity3.therearemanyinternationalrestaurantsandthereis4.leastoneChineserestaurantineverytown.Youhavetogetused/accustomed5.thetippingsystemhere.Isuggestlea

15、ving10%ofthebillforthewaiterorwaitress.Youcangetsometravellerschequesasitseasy6.(exchange)thematbanksorhotels.Ithinkweshouldconsider7.(stay)intheEnglishcountrysideforafewnightssoastoenjoyhikingandtastesomemushrooms.Dontforgettobringawarmcoat,8.itcangetprettycoldandfoggyhere.Onelastthing,dontworryabo

16、ut9.togetalongwiththepeopleherebecause10.majorityofthemarequitefriendly.whereattotoexchangestayingfor/becausehowthe一二三四五Iamlookingforwardtoyourvisit.Yours,Xiaojin1234678951.Icertainlyoweyouanapologyfornotwritingmoreoften.没有经常给您写信我感到非常抱歉。考点一owevt.欠(情、债等)【高考典句】“Ithinkmaybeweoweyouanapology,”shesaid.她说

17、:“我想或许我们应该向你道歉。”Iowehimafavour.我欠他一个人情。Thankyouforthemagazineyouboughtforme.HowmuchdoIoweyou?谢谢您给我买的这本杂志,我该付您多少钱?Thefactoryowesalotofmoneytothebank.那家工厂欠银行一大笔钱。123467895Weoweagreatdealtoourparents.我们深受父母之恩。归纳:owesb.sth.=owesth.tosb.欠某人某物123467895(1)固定搭配:owe.to.把归功于Heoweshislifetohiswife.他的妻子救了他的命。He

18、oweshissuccesstohardworkandgoodluck.他将自己的成功归结于努力和好运气。(2)习惯用法:oweitto.that.感激,亏得IoweittoyouthatIfinishedtheprojectintime.多亏你我才得以及时完成了这个项目。Heowesittohisfamilyscareandlovethathegainsconfidenceagain.他靠家人的关爱重拾信心。123467895考点二apologyn.道歉,认错Imustofferheranapologyfornotgoingtoherparty.我没有去参加她的聚会,必须向她表示歉意。Hem

19、adeanapologytotheteacherforbeinglateandtheteacheraccepteditwithoutsayingaword.他因为迟到向老师道歉,老师一句话没说就接受了。归纳:make/offeranapologytosb.forsth.因为某事向某人道歉acceptanapology接受道歉demandan/onesapology要求道歉123467895apologisevi.道歉Youmustapologisetoyoursisterforbeingsorude.你太无礼了,必须向你姐姐道歉。IapologisetoyouforwhatIhavesaid.

20、我为所说的话向你道歉。归纳:apologisetosb.for(doing)sth.因为(做)某事向某人道歉123467895活学活用语法填空(1)IowetomyparentsthatIhavegonethroughthathardtime.(2)Thecaptainmadea(n)(apologise)tothepassengersforthedelaycausedbythebadweather.(3)Heowesagreatdealhispublishers.(4)Youshouldmakeanapologytohersayingrudewords.(5)Youmustapologise

21、yourfriendsbeinglate.itapologytofortofor1234678952.IvejustbeensobusystudyingandtryingtoabsorballthenewthingsaroundmeIthinkImstillexperiencingcultureshock.我一直忙于学习和尽力了解身边的新事物我觉得自己仍在经历文化冲击。考点absorbvt.理解,掌握;吸收Ireadthepassageagainandagain,tryingtoabsorbit.这篇短文我读了又读,尽量去理解它。Infact,Ireallyhadnotimetoabsorbe

22、verythinghesaid.事实上,我真的没有时间去弄懂他说的一切。【高考典句】Whencondorseatdeadbodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.当秃鹰吃其他含有铅的动物的尸体时,它们也吸入了大量的铅。123467895活学活用语法填空(1)Shewasso(absorb)inherjobthatshedidnthearanybodyknockingatthedoor.(2)Theboywasabsorbedthecomputergame.absorbedinabsorb表示“吸引(注意

23、力),使全神贯注”。【高考典句】Absorbedinpainting,Johndidntnoticeeveningapproaching.专心于绘画,约翰没有注意到夜晚已经来临。归纳absorb表示“吸引(注意力),使全神贯注”时,常用过去分词形式absorbed;短语beabsorbedin意为“全神贯注于,沉浸在”。123467895翻译下列句子(注意各句中的absorb)(3)Thecleverboyabsorbedalltheknowledgehisteachercouldgivehim.(4)Theworkabsorbedhimandmadehimhappy.(5)Dryeartha

24、bsorbswaterquickly.(6)Hefoundhisuncleabsorbedinreadinganewspaper.答案:那个聪明的男孩把他老师所能教他的所有知识都掌握了。答案:这份工作让他专注并使他感到其乐无穷。答案:干燥的土壤吸水很快。答案:他发现他叔叔正在专心看报纸。1234678953.Iwishyourvisitwasntgoingtobesobriefbuttheresalotwecandoandseeinaweek.我真的希望您的来访时间不会这么短,但是一个星期时间我们也可以做许多事情,去参观许多地方。剖析本句为but连接的并列复合句。but前的分句中,wish后接

25、省略了引导词that的宾语从句,该从句使用了“wasntgoingto+动词原形”形式的过去将来时,表示一种假设;but后的分句中,“wecandoandsee”是省略关系代词that的定语从句,修饰不定代词alot。wish后的宾语从句通常使用虚拟语气,从句表达的内容与现在事实相反时,用一般过去时表示。如:IwishIcouldgotothebeachtoday.我真希望今天能够去海滩。Idowishitwere.我真希望是这样。123467895考点briefadj.短暂的,简短的Tellmewhathashappenedinbrief.简要告诉我发生了什么。Theheadteacherg

26、aveabriefintroductionofthehistoryofourschool.校长简要介绍了我们学校的历史。Thetrainwillmakeabriefstopatthestation.火车将在本站短暂停留。abriefstay小住abriefnote便条归纳:brief既可指时间的“短暂”,也可指话语、文章篇幅等的“简短”。123467895(1)常用搭配:inbrief简短地;简言之Canyoufirstintroduceyourselfinbrief?你能先简单地介绍一下自己吗?(2)派生词:brieflyadv.短暂地;简短地,简要地WestoppedbrieflyinLo

27、ndon.我们在伦敦做了短暂的停留。Canyoudescribeyourworkingexperiencebriefly?你能简要地介绍一下你的工作经验吗?(3)indetail详细地inshort总之123467895活学活用语法填空(1)Iwishthere(be)nowarsintheworld.(2)Canyou(brief)tellmeaboutoneofyourdesigns?完成句子(3)我希望我能说好英语。IwishIEnglishwell.(4)时间有限,演讲简短一点。Timeislimited;youshould.句型转换(5)Thereisnotmuchtimeleft,

28、soIlltellyouaboutitbriefly.Thereisnotmuchtimeleft,soIlltellyouaboutit.werebrieflycouldspeakmakeyourspeechbriefinbrief1234678954.IdontknowwhatyourexpectationsareofLondon,butknowingthatyouvenevertravelledoutsideofAsia,IthoughtIdtellyouabitaboutwhatyoucanexpecttofind.我不知道您对伦敦有什么样的期望,但是我知道您从来没有到亚洲以外的地方旅

29、行过,所以我想告诉您一些您期望了解的情况。剖析这是but连接的并列复合句,句中有多个宾语从句。but前的分句中,“what.London”是what引导的宾语从句,作“know”的宾语。but后的分句中,现在分词短语“knowing.Asia”作原因状语,其中“thatyouve.Asia”是that引导的宾语从句,作“knowing”的宾语;该分句的主句也是复合句,“Idtellyou.find”是省略了that的宾语从句,作“thought”的宾语,“what.find”也是宾语从句,作介词“about”的宾语。123467895考点expectationn.期待的事物,预期Totheir

30、disappointment,theresultwascontrarytotheirexpectation.结果与预料的恰好相反,这使他们感到失望。Outofmyexpectation,peopleheredonthavethehabitofwearingmasks.然而,出乎我意料的是,住在这儿的人都没有戴口罩的习惯。Ourteamhaseveryexpectationofwinning.我们队胜券在握。【高考典句】Incollege,therearesomanygoodchancesforyoutomeetyourexpectations.在大学,有很多好机会来满足你的期望。Unfortu

31、nately,hisnewfilmfailedtomeetexpectations.不幸的是,他的新电影并不理想。123467895归纳:havehighexpectationsof对有很高的期望meetexpectations达到期望的效果expectvt.预计;期待,期望;指望expecttodosth.指望做某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事Thetalksareexpectedtocontinueuntiltomorrow.会谈预计将持续到明天。Theyexpectalltheirchildrentobesuccessful.他们期待自己所有的孩子都成功。123467

32、895活学活用语法填空(1)Comparedtotheparents(expect),whathehasachievedisfartoolittle.完成句子(2)不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。Dontaforeignlanguageinafewmonths.(3)你真以为我会相信你?Doyoureallyyou?expectationexpecttolearnexpectmetobelieve123467895翻译句子(4)Dontexpecttoomuchfromhim.(5)Wewereexpectinghimyesterday.答案:不要对他期望过高。答案:昨天我们一直在等他。1

33、234678955.Youregoingtohavetogetusedtobaconandeggswithafewslicesoftoastforbreakfastoverhere,AuntMei!梅姨,您得适应这里咸肉、鸡蛋加几片烤面包的早饭。考点getusedto习惯于(to为介词)Evenafterstayingtherefortwoyears,myfatherhasnotyetgotusedtothedryweather.即使在那儿已经生活了两年,我父亲还是不适应那儿的干燥天气。Onceyougetusedtoexercisingregularly,youllfeelbadwhenyo

34、urenotdoingit.一旦你习惯了经常锻炼,当你不去锻炼时你会觉得难受。123467895近义短语:be/becomeusedto(变得)习惯于Heisusedtotakingcoldbathsinwinter.他已习惯在冬天洗冷水澡。Ivebecomeusedtolivinginthecountryside.我已经习惯了在乡下生活。归纳:get/becomeusedto强调从“不习惯”到“习惯”这一动态过程,意思是“变得习惯于”“开始习惯于”;而beusedto侧重于“习惯”的状态。123467895活学活用语法填空(1)Manyteenagershavegotusedto(wear)

35、earphoneswhilewalkingonthestreet.Itsquitedangerous.单句改错(2)Youshouldgetusedtogetupearlyatschool.wearing答案:第二个getgetting1234678956.TalkingofmoneyitsreallyeasytoexchangetravellerschequesatbanksorhotelssoIadviseyoutogetsomeofthosebeforeyoucome.谈到钱在银行或旅馆兑换旅行支票非常容易,所以我建议您来之前准备一些支票。剖析破折号后是一个复合句。so前的分句中,it是

36、形式主语,不定式短语“toexchange.”是真正的主语。so后的分句中,不定式短语“toget.”作宾语补足语;before引导时间状语从句。考点exchangevt.兑换CanIexchangepoundsfordollarshere?我可以在这里把英镑换成美元吗?归纳:表示“用(某种货币)兑换成(另一种货币)”用exchangesth.forsth.。123467895(1)exchange表示“交换”。Themeetinggivesachanceforpeopletoexchangedifferentviews.这次会议为人们提供了交流不同看法的机会。Wellholdameeting

37、toexchangeexperience.我们将开个会来交流经验。(2)exchange用作名词,表示“交换,互换,交流”。【高考典句】AndeveryweekhecleanedOldManMcColginschickenhouseinexchangeformanure.他为了获得肥料每周给OldManMcColgin打扫鸡舍。Shouldchildrengetallowanceinexchangefordoingthechores?小孩子应该用做家务来换取零花钱吗?123467895Illtypeyourreportifyoutakecareofmychildreninexchange.如果

38、你代我照看孩子,我就把你的报告给你打出来。活学活用语法填空(1)Ivejustboughtthistie,butcanIexchangeitthatone?(2)HesofferedtoteachmeFrenchexchangeformyteachinghimJapanese.Ithinkitsoundsreasonable.单句改错(3)HewenttoBritainlastsummerasaexchangestudent.forin答案:aan123467895完成句子(4)他用那件黑夹克换了一件蓝色的外套。Hetheblackjacketabluecoat.(5)我和每个人互致问候。Iw

39、itheveryone.(6)我把厨房粉刷了一遍,换取了一周的食宿。Ipaintedthekitchenaweeksaccommodation.exchangedforexchangedgreetingsinexchangefor1234678957.Wecanwanderthroughthefieldsandevenpickafewmushroomstohavewithourbreakfast!我们可以在田野中漫步,甚至可以采一些蘑菇和早餐一起吃!考点wandervi.漫游,闲逛IwaswanderingthroughthestreetswhenIcaughtsightofapetshop.

40、我正在街上闲逛时看见了一家宠物店。Toreachadefinitedestination,goalongoneway,butnotwanderonmanyroads.要想到达既定的目的地,必须顺着一条路前进,不要在多条路上徘徊。Iwanttowandertheworld.我想周游世界。Theboywanderedtheneighbourhood,lookingforhisdog.那个男孩在附近徘徊,寻找自己的狗。123467895归纳:wander表示“漫游,闲逛”时,常与through,about,around等词连用。也可用作及物动词,后面直接接表示场所、地点的词。(1)wander表示“

41、偏离;走失,离散”,常与off,from等连用。Thechildwanderedoffandgotlost.那个孩子(和大家)走散后迷路了。Theyhadwanderedfromthepathintothewoods.他们离开小路消失在树林里。Hismindwandersattimes.他有时候会走神。(2)形近词:wondervt.疑惑;想知道Iamwonderingwhetheryoucancomeornot.我想知道你是否能来。123467895活学活用语法填空(1)Visitorsarefreetowanderthegardensandwoods.(2)Hewanderedabaran

42、dorderedadrink.翻译句子(3)Dontletyourmindwanderinclass.throughinto答案:上课时不要走神。1234678958.ButeventhoughsomeBritishpeoplearequitestrange,themajorityofthemarereallyfriendlyandIvemadesomegoodfriends.虽然有些英国人非常奇怪,但是大多数人都很友好,并且我已结交了一些好朋友。剖析句中eventhough引导让步状语从句,主句为and连接的并列句。句首的but表示转折,起承上启下的作用。考点majorityn.多数,大多数

43、Themajorityofthestudentsinthatclassareboys.那个班的大多数学生是男生。Themajorityofthedamageiseasytorepair.此处的大部分损坏容易补救。123467895归纳:“themajorityof+名词”作主语时,谓语的数与of后的名词的数保持一致:名词为可数名词的复数形式时,谓语用复数形式;名词为不可数名词时,谓语用单数形式。123467895themajority可单独使用,用于指代上文所提到的名词或代词,而无须跟of短语。该结构作主语,指代可数名词时谓语可用单数形式或复数形式,指代不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。【高考典句】

44、Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.他们中的大多数人开始他们的课程前参加在线语言测试。Themajorityagrees/agreewithme.大多数人都同意我的意见。Themajoritywas/wereinfavouroftheplan.多数人赞成这个计划。123467895活学活用单句改错(1)Whentheheadmasterspokeouthisplan,themostofthestudentsintheclasswereforit.语法填空(2)majorityofthepeo

45、pleinthistownsupporttheplantobuildaplaygroundforchildren.(3)Themajorityofthestudents(find)itquitehardtofinishsomuchhomeworkontime.(4)Themajority(be)onBensside.(5)Themajorityofhisadvice(be)helpfultous.答案:去掉第二个the或mostmajorityThefindis/areis1234678959.语法:不定式和动名词在第十单元我们学习了不定式的句法功能,可以看出,不定式和动名词都可以作主语、宾语

46、、表语、定语和补语。作主语和表语时,动名词形式表示一般的、概念性的、经常性的动作,而动词不定式常表示一时的、偶然的行为和动作。如:Beingadoctorisagoodchoice.当医生是不错的选择。(对任何人、任何时候而言都是这样的)Tobeagooddoctorismydream.当个好医生是我的梦想。(对个人而言,是个别情况)用动名词还是不定式作宾语,主要分为以下四种情况:123467895(1)只可使用动名词作宾语的动词有enjoy,miss,practise,suggest,consider,appreciate,avoid,mind,imagine,finish,admit,de

47、ny,delay,risk等。只跟动名词的短语有feellike,stickto,devoteto,payattentionto,bebusy,itisnouse,beusedto(习惯于),lookforwardto等。(2)只可使用不定式作宾语的动词有wish,hope,promise,expect,pretend,want,agree,refuse,prepare,manage,persuade,afford,offer,attempt,decide等。(3)既可接动名词,又可接不定式作宾语的动词有start,begin,continue,like,love,hate等,意思基本没有区别

48、。love,like和hate接动名词表示长久的、规律性的好恶,接不定式表示一时的、个别性的好恶。123467895(4)以下动词既可接动名词,又可接不定式作宾语,但意思有区别。123467895补充:need,want,deserve,require,demand,beworth等接动名词,主动形式表被动含义:Myhairneedscutting.=Myhairneedstobecut.Thebookisworthreading.活学活用用所给词的适当形式填空(1)(learn)moreaboutChineseculture,JackhasdecidedtotakeChinesefolkmu

49、sicasanelectivecourse.(2)(ignore)thedifferencebetweenthetworesearchfindingswillbeoneoftheworstmistakesyoumake.TolearnIgnoring123467895(3)Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudentsbathrooms.(4)Thelibraryneeds(clean),butitwillhavetowaituntilSunday.(5)IcanhardlyimaginePeter(sail)ac

50、rosstheAtlanticOceaninfivedays.(6)Imustapologisefor(notlet)youknowaheadoftime.Thatsallright.toreducecleaning/tobecleanedsailingnotletting合作探究自主预习合作探究自主预习一二三一、俗话说,一方水土养一方人。不同的民族,在各自独特历史的积淀下,也会养成独具特色的民族性格。在下面的情景中,各国人是怎样表现他们的民族性格的呢?Astorysaysmanynationswereinawildisland.WhatwouldtheChinese,theAmericans