高中英语定语从句语法讲解ppt课件新人教版.ppt

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1、严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。TheAttributiveClause定语从句定语从句富源六中宁益庆富源六中宁益庆严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。1.定义：定义：2.先行词：先行词：3.关系代词、关系副词：关系代词、关系副词：在复合句中用来用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词（antecedent）。引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词关系代词关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：Who,whom,whose,

2、which,that等等When,where,why等等严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用、引导作用2、替代作用、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用Eg:1.Those who want to go please sign your names here.2.This is the house where he was born.3.Bill,who was here yesterday,asked me a lot of question

3、s.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。关系代词的用法关系代词的用法指 代所作成分是否可省略ThatWhichWhoWhomwhose人；物人；物物物人人人人人、物人、物主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语主语；宾语宾语宾语定语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省可省不可省不可省严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。关系副词的用法关系副词的用法指代所作成分是否可省略WhenWherewhy时间时间状语

4、状语否否地点地点状语状语否否原因原因状语状语否否严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。判断下列引导词在句中的用法判断下列引导词在句中的用法Eg:1.He is such a man who never tells a lie.2.He is the model worker whom/who we should learn from.3.A dictionary is a book which often helps us to know the meanings of the words.4.This is the f

5、ilm which I like best.5.The boy whose father is a professor is one of my best friends.指代指代、所作成分所作成分、是否可省略是否可省略严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。6.The house whose roof was blown away by the storm will be rebuilt soon.7.It was 11 oclock when the accident happened last night.8.Thi

6、s is the village where I was brought up.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。关系代词which和that的区别：A.关系代词必须用that的情形：This is the best film that I have ever seen.The first man arrived at the class was our headteacher.This is the only ticket that I got yesterday.This is the very book tha

7、t Im looking for.Is there anything that I can do for you?All that you have to do is to press the button.There is no time that we can waste.The car and its driver that knocked down the old lady have been taken to the police station.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。Summarize:只能用

8、只能用thatthat引导定语从句的几种情况引导定语从句的几种情况1)先行词被先行词被序数词或形容词最高级序数词或形容词最高级所修饰时。所修饰时。2）先行词被）先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。3)先行词是先行词是不定代词不定代词all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等等.4）先行词被）先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修等修饰。饰。5）先行词既有）先行词既有人人又有又有物物时。时。严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规

9、章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。B.指物时，作介词的宾语，关系代词只能用whichThis is the question about which weve had so much discussion.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。Practice:1.Theyaskedhimtotellthemeverything_hesawatthefront.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasntasingleperson

10、_shecouldturnforhelp.(1992)A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom3.Idontlike_youspeaktoher.(1993上海上海)A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhich BDA严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。Correctthefollowingsentences:1.This is the best film which I have seen.2.Thats all which want to s

11、ay.This is the best film that I have seen.Thats all that I want to say.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。3.Is there anything which you want in this shop?4.He talked about some writers and books which/who were unknown to us all.5.The room in that she lives is a large one.Is ther

12、e anything that you want in this shop?He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.The room in which she lives is a large one.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。关系副词when,where,why的用法1.Do you still remember the day whenwe went to visit the museum together?Do

13、 you still remember the day on whichwe went to visit the museum together?2.This is the factory wheremy father once worked.This is the factory in whichmy father once worked.3.This is the reason whyhe was late.This is the reason for which he was late.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或

14、突发事件。Summarize:在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上在定语从句中关系副词都等于一个适当的介词加上which，在从句中作，在从句中作状语状语When=in/at/on/+which;Where=in/at/on/+which;Why=for/+whichas 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句(1)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。这本书就是我丢的那本。这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的

15、非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ is known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all,the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich/as AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用定语从

16、句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句(2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.This is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的

17、一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.toin介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2Themanwho/whomyouspokewasascientist.Thecitythat/whichshelivesisfaraway.toinAre these two sentences right?

18、介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 4Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking after is better.在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中

19、介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?1.Doyoulikethebookshespent$10?2.Doyoulikethebookshepaid$10?3.Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot?4.Doyoulikethebooksheoftentalks?5.Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies.介词+关系代词的情况 练习onwhichforwhichfromwhichaboutwhichthroughwhich6.Thereisatalltreeoutside,standsourteacher.7.C

20、hinahasalotofrivers,thesecondlongest_istheYellowRiver.8.Thetower_peoplecanhaveagoodviewisonthehill.9.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.10.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.underwhichofwhichfromwhichtowhomofwhich1.当先行词是不定代词时当先行词是不定代词时,如如:All,

21、few,little,much,every,something,anything,everything,等等只能用只能用that 做关系代词的情况做关系代词的情况2.当先行词被当先行词被the only,the very,the same,little,few,no,any等修饰时等修饰时3.当人和物合做先行词时当人和物合做先行词时4.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 5.在疑问词在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中开头的句子中严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。Pr

22、actice:1.-IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.(1999)-Isthatthereason_youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where2.Im going to visit the school _ my mother taughtphysicstenyearsago.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.what3.Doyoustillremembertheday_IfirstcametoBeijing?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.whereAAC严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外活动报批

23、制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。关系副词关系副词when,where和关系代词和关系代词that,which的区分的区分 同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用wherewhere，有时使用，有时使用that/whichthat/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用whenwhen，有时使用有时使用that/whichthat/which主要看：从句意思是否完整；完整的话需用关系副词，若意思不完整则需加关系代词充当某个成分。请比较以下句子：This is the park that we visited

24、 last year.(从句意思不完整需从句意思不完整需要加宾语要加宾语)This is the park where we held a birthday party.（从句完整，（从句完整，只需加上特定的关系副词）只需加上特定的关系副词）Thats the date that she wont forget for ever.Thats the date when we went to the college.I like the time that we had together.I like the time when we lived together.严格执行突发事件上报制度、校外

25、活动报批制度等相关规章制度。做到及时发现、制止、汇报并处理各类违纪行为或突发事件。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句定义：定义：限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的修饰成分，否则主句的意思不完整或不成立。非限制性定语从句只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后主句的意思照样完整。Comparethefollowingsentences:A man who does not try to learn from others cant achieve much.Therere many plays(that)Id like to see.This note was left by Xiao Wu,who was just here.