时态--一般将来时现在进行时.ppt

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1、-时态时态篇篇时态：时态：1.1.定义：是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。定义：是一种动词形式，不同的时态用以表示不同的时间与方式。是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。2.2.分类：分类：在语法里，时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般在语法里，时或时态表示行为发生的时间和说话时的关系。一般分为过去式、现在式、未来式，通常也有与表示动作进行或终止的进分为过去式、现在式、未来式，通常也有与表示

2、动作进行或终止的进行式和完成式等体貌一起相连用的情况。行式和完成式等体貌一起相连用的情况。一般现在时：1.1.定义定义:表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明或说明主语的特征。主语的特征。2.2.时间状语：时间状语：always,usually,often,sometimes,every always,usually,often,sometimes,every week(day,year,monthweek(day,year,month),once a week,on Sundays,),once a week,on Sundays,e.g

3、.:They go to the Palace Museum once a year.e.g.:They go to the Palace Museum once a year.They often discuss business in the evening.They often discuss business in the evening.3.3.句子结构：句子结构：主语主语+be+be（amam，isis，areare）+其他其他.主语主语+动词（动词的三单）动词（动词的三单）+其他其他.一般现在时：表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在 的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The ea

4、rth turns round the sun.The earth turns round the sun.Practise:Practise:1.She _(study)hard.1.She _(study)hard.2.They usually _(have)their breakfast at six on Sundays.2.They usually _(have)their breakfast at six on Sundays.3.I usually _(play)football on Friday afternoon.3.I usually _(play)football on

5、 Friday afternoon.4.The shop _(open)at nine every day.4.The shop _(open)at nine every day.5.The picture _(look)very beautiful.5.The picture _(look)very beautiful.6.Su Yang usually _(wash)clothes on Saturdays.6.Su Yang usually _(wash)clothes on Saturdays.句子变形：1.1.肯定句变成否定句：肯定句变成否定句：A:A:句子有句子有bebe动词或情态

6、动词动词或情态动词(can,may,must,would,could)(can,may,must,would,could)在在bebe动词情态动词动词情态动词(can,may,must,would,could)(can,may,must,would,could)之后之后加加上上not.not.e.g:I am a little girl.-I am not(Im not)e.g:I am a little girl.-I am not(Im not)a little girl.a little girl.You can get up early.-You cant get up early.Y

7、ou can get up early.-You cant get up early.B B：句子有：句子有实义动词实义动词：用：用do/does not do/does not 来否定。来否定。e.g:I run in the playground every day.e.g:I run in the playground every day.I dont run in the playground every day.I dont run in the playground every day.She runs in the playground every day.She runs in

8、 the playground every day.She doesnt run in the playground every day.She doesnt run in the playground every day.2.2.肯定句变成一般疑问句：肯定句变成一般疑问句：A:A:句子有句子有bebe动词或情态动词动词或情态动词(can,may,must,would,could)(can,may,must,would,could)：将将bebe动词或者情态动词动词或者情态动词(can,may,must,would,could)(can,may,must,would,could)提前，其提前，

9、其他照抄他照抄.e.g:I am a little girl.-Are you a little e.g:I am a little girl.-Are you a little girl?Yes,I am./No,Im not.girl?Yes,I am./No,Im not.You can get up early.-Can you get up early?You can get up early.-Can you get up early?Yes,I can./No,I cant.Yes,I can./No,I cant.B B：句子有实义动词：句子有实义动词：用用do/does do

10、/does 提前，其他照抄，动词还原提前，其他照抄，动词还原 原形。原形。e.g:I run in the playground every day.e.g:I run in the playground every day.Do you run in the playground every day?Do you run in the playground every day?She runs in the playground every day.She runs in the playground every day.Does she run in the playground ever

11、y day?Does she run in the playground every day?一般过去时：1.1.定义：定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或状态表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能也可能 经常发生。（经常发生。（过去的时间过去的时间）表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：时间状语有：at eight at eight yesterday morning,ten minutes ago,whenyesterday morning,ten minutes ago,when引导的时间状语从句。

12、引导的时间状语从句。如：如：I got up at 6I got up at 6：00 this morning.00 this morning.Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his When he went into the room,he saw a stranger ta

13、lking with his father.father.表示过去一段时间内不知何时发生的一次性动作时表示过去一段时间内不知何时发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：时间状语有：yesterday,last(yearyesterday,last(year等等),in(1998),in(1998 等等)。如：如：He came to our city in the year 2000.He came to our city in the year 2000.表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时,时间状语有：时间状语有：lastlast,in,in,fromfromtot

14、o,for(10 years),often,usually,sometimes,always,for(10 years),often,usually,sometimes,always,nevernever等。等。Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him.Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him.一般过去时：2.2.时间状语：时间状语：a agogo（two hours agotwo hours ago（一段时间（一段时间+ago+a

15、go），），yesterdayyesterday，the day before yesterday,the day before yesterday,last week,last week,last(year,night,monthlast(year,night,month),),过去过去具体时间（如具体时间（如Jan.fourth),Jan.fourth),just now,just now,at the age of,at the age of,one one day,day,long long longlong ago,ago,once upon a time(once upon a t

16、ime(很久以很久以前前),),and so on,and so on,this morningthis morning.ago.ago.3.3.句子结构：句子结构：主语主语+动词过去式动词过去式+其他；其他；否定形式否定形式 was/were+not;was/were+not;在行为动词前加在行为动词前加didntdidnt，同时还原行为动词；，同时还原行为动词；一般疑问句一般疑问句 Did+Did+主语主语+动词原形动词原形+其他？其他？动词的过去式：动词变化规则动词变化规则规则变化规则变化：1 1直接加直接加eded：workwork worked worked looklooklook

17、ed looked playplayplayed,played,2 2以以e e结尾的单词，直接加结尾的单词，直接加d d：live live lived lived hopehopehoped hoped useuseused,used,3 3.以辅音字母以辅音字母+y+y结尾的，变结尾的，变y y为为i i加加eded：studystudy studied studied carrycarrycarried carried worryworryworriedworried4 4.以元音字母以元音字母+y+y结尾的，直接加结尾的，直接加eded：enjoy enjoy enjoyed enj

18、oyed playplayplayedplayed5 5 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed+ed：stopstop stopped stopped plan planplannedplanned 时间有不同，自然动词就会有不同。过去的时间会发生事情，同样将来的时间里也会发生很多的事情。只是有些事是我们无法预料的！一般将来时一般将来时:1.1.定义：定义：表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态或将来某一段时间内经表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。常的动作或状态。常常和表示将来的

19、时间状语连用。一般将来时的时间状语有：一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow,this(afternoon),next tomorrow,this(afternoon),next(year),one day,now,soon,someday,sometime,in the future,(year),one day,now,soon,someday,sometime,in the future,whenwhen引导的从句等。引导的从句等。用用willwill构成的将来时构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shallshall”用用于第一人称于第一人称,“w

20、illwill”用于所有人称。用于所有人称。如：如：I will graduate from this school soon.I will graduate from this school soon.You will stay alone after I leave.You will stay alone after I leave.“am/is/are going to+am/is/are going to+动词原形动词原形”表示打算或准备要做的事情表示打算或准备要做的事情,或或者主观判断即将要发生的事情者主观判断即将要发生的事情,而而“am/is/are am/is/are about

21、 about to+to+动词原形动词原形”表示安排或计划中的动作。表示安排或计划中的动作。如：如：A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the special baby.special baby.一般将来时：2.2.时间状语：时间状语：tonight tonight，in the future in the future，tomorrow,tomorrow morning,tomorrow,tomorrow morn

22、ing,tomorrow afternoon,tomorrow evening,next tomorrow afternoon,tomorrow evening,next dayday(week,(week,month,yearmonth,year),soon,the day after tomorrow),soon,the day after tomorrow（后天），（后天），in+in+时间段（在时间段（在.之后）之后）,from now on,from now on（从现在开始）；（从现在开始）；3.3.句子结构：句子结构：1 1、will/shall+will/shall+动词原形动

23、词原形 一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生一般单纯地表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。的动作或存在的状态。willwill用于各种人称用于各种人称;shall;shall只用于第一人称。只用于第一人称。e.g:e.g:I will/shall go to visit him next week.I will/shall go to visit him next week.2.2.be going to be going to 动词原形动词原形 be about tobe about to用来表示近期将要发生的动作或存在的状态用来表示近期将要发生的动作或存在的状态,以及计划、安排、打算

24、要做以及计划、安排、打算要做的事。的事。e.g:Im going to go to the park.e.g:Im going to go to the park.句子结构及句子结构及形式形式肯定句：肯定句：I/We shall/will go.You/He/She/They will go.否定句：否定句：I/We shall/will not go.You/He/She/They will not go.疑问句疑问句：Shall I/we go?Will you/he/she/they go?形式：形式：will 常简略为常简略为 ll，并与主语连写在一起，并与主语连写在一起，如：如：Il

25、l，hell，itll，well，youll，theyll。一般疑问句如用一般疑问句如用will you？其简略答语须是其简略答语须是Yes，I will或或 No，I wont；Practise：1.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday.A.will gives B.will give C.gives D.give 2.He _ in three days.A.coming back B.came back C.will come back D.is going to coming back 3.Who _ we _ swimming

26、with tomorrow afternoon?A.will;go B.do;go C.will;going D.shall;go4.They _ an English evening next Sunday.A.are having B.are going to have C.will having D.is going to have5.Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?-_（好的）.A.Yes,please B.Yes,you will.C.No,please.D.No,you wont.LOOK!The teacher is giving us

27、 an English lesson.老师正在给我们上英语课。The farmers are getting in their crops.农民们正在收割庄稼。We are making preparations for the conference.我们一直在为会议作准备。He is writing on the desk.他正在课桌上写字。现在进行时：现在进行时由“be 动词(am is are)+现在分词”构成。现在进行时的时间状语有：now,this,these等,但经常不用。如：What are you doing up in the tree?I am writing a long

28、 novel these days.表示即将发生的动作,一般指近期安排好的事情。常见的动词有：come,go,stay,leave,spend,do等如：Im coming now.What are you doing tomorrow?He is leaving soon.现在进行时：现在进行时：1.1.定义：定义：现在进行时表示现在进行时表示现在正在进行现在正在进行的动作或是现阶段的动作或是现阶段正发生正发生而此刻不一定在而此刻不一定在进行的动作。所谓进行的动作。所谓“正在进行中正在进行中”，是指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动作，是指在谈到这件事的时候，这个动作还在进行中还在进行中。2.2.句

29、子结构：句子结构：主语主语+be+v.ing+be+v.ing现在分词形式现在分词形式 肯定句肯定句:主语主语+be+be（is/am/areis/am/are）+现在分词现在分词 否定句：否定句：主语主语+be+be（is/am/areis/am/are）+notnot+现在分词现在分词 一般疑问句一般疑问句:bebe（is/am/areis/am/are）+主语主语+现在分词现在分词？3.3.用法：用法：A A.表示现在表示现在(指说话人说话时指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。正在发生的事情。例：例：We are waiting for you.We are waiting for you.

30、B.B.习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例：例：Mr.Green is writing another novel.Mr.Green is writing another novel.C.C.已经确定或安排好的将来活动。已经确定或安排好的将来活动。Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.Im leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（我下周要支去尼泊尔旅（我下周要支去尼泊尔旅行行)现在进行时：4.时间状语时间状语：常用的有：now

31、,this week,at this moment 等；或者告诉你一个准确的现在时间，或者用look,listen提醒听者注意正在发生的事。Practise:()1.你在干什么?(A)What is you doing?(B)What are you do?(C)What are you doing?(D)What do you do?()2.What are you listening_?(A)/(B)for (C)at (D)to()3.我正在听他说话.(A)I listening to him.(B)Im listening to him.(C)Im listen to him.(D)Im listening him.()4.They are_their clothes.(A)makeing (B)putting (C)put away (D)putting on()5.Listen!She_in the classroom.(A)is singing (B)sing (C)to sing (D)is sing