B3M1GrammarII主谓一致.ppt

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1、Subjectandverbagreement主谓一致主谓一致定义定义:谓语谓语要和要和主语主语在人称和数量上保持一致。在人称和数量上保持一致。1,语法语法一致原则一致原则2,意义意义一致原则一致原则3,就近就近一致原则一致原则三三原原则则语法语法一致原则一致原则一一一一.谓语动词要用单数形式谓语动词要用单数形式谓语动词要用单数形式谓语动词要用单数形式 主语是主语是主语是主语是:1.单数名词或不可数名词单数名词或不可数名词 The food they served _(be)delicious.2.动名词动名词,不定式或从句不定式或从句 Skating in winter _(be)great

2、 fun.To see _(be)to believe.That he is absent _(worry)all his family.ReadingbooksandwatchingTV(be)myhobbies.3.alargequantity（amount)of+名词名词 A large amount of water _ what I need now.isisisworriesis多个动名词和不定式做主语，谓语动词用复数are主语从句作主语,其谓语动词的单复数问题:一个概念的两方面作主语,谓语用单数;两个概念则用复数.Eg:1)Whereandwhenweshallhavethesp

3、ortsmeeting_(be)stillunknown.2)Whereweshallhavethesportsmeetingandwhowillberesponsibleforit_(be)stillunknown.isare4.不定代词作主语不定代词作主语(any-,some-,every-,no-)口诀口诀不定代词作主语，谓语动词用不定代词作主语，谓语动词用.除了除了和和.bothall三单三单Eitherofstreets(be)linedbytreesandflowers.is任意一个注意注意 neither 和和 none 往往根据说话人的意思往往根据说话人的意思,单复数都可以单复

4、数都可以.但指代不可数名词时只能用单数但指代不可数名词时只能用单数.morethanone：多于一多于一，不止一，不止一morethanone+单单n,谓语动词用谓语动词用.单数单数复数复数Morethantwofriends(have)cars.havemorethantwo+复复n,谓语动词用谓语动词用.不止一个不止一个不止两个，两个以上不止两个，两个以上Morethanoneworker_(be)goingtolose_(his,their)jobs.istheir5.morethanone+单数名词（不止一单数名词（不止一）”，“manya(许多许多)”虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单

5、数名词保虽然表示复数含义，但谓语动词与单数名词保持一致，习惯上用单数持一致，习惯上用单数manya+单单n许多许多Manyastudent(be)discussingtheproblem.is二二.谓语动词要用复数形式谓语动词要用复数形式主语属于以下情况主语属于以下情况 1,复数名词复数名词 2,由由and或或bothand连接并列主语时连接并列主语时.注意注意and连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数单数由由and连接的两个并列名词由连接的两个并列名词由each,every,no,manya等词等词修饰时修饰时,谓语动词仍用谓语动词仍用单数单数.此类结构为此类

6、结构为:eachandeach,everyandevery,noandno,manyaandmanyaManyaboyandmanyagirl_beenthere.hasand连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用连接词表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数单数Thepoetanddoctor(have)come.hasThepoetandthedoctor(have)come.haveThebreadandbutter(be)onthetable.isThebreadandthebutter(be)onthetable.are冠冠+nand冠冠+n冠冠+nandn双冠，谓语动词复数双冠，谓语动词复数单冠，

7、谓语动词单数单冠，谓语动词单数and连接词表示同一概念连接词表示同一概念(配套事物配套事物)时，谓语动词用时，谓语动词用单单数数breadandbutter奶油面包奶油面包awatchandchain一块带链的手表一块带链的手表aknifeandfork刀叉刀叉acoatandtie一件配有领带的上衣一件配有领带的上衣acartandhorse一辆马车一辆马车3.成双成套的词成双成套的词Theglasses(be)onyournose.areThispairofglasses(be)mine.istrousers pants裤子裤子shorts glasses短裤眼镜glovescompass

8、es手套圆规单独做主语，谓语动词用单独做主语，谓语动词用。复数和和pair连用，谓语动词连用，谓语动词。取决于pair的形式Thistwopairsofshoes(be)mine.are三三.谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式1.当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语,如介词短语如介词短语,谓谓语动词的单复数只看主语语动词的单复数只看主语,不受修饰成分的影响不受修饰成分的影响.主语主语 +with/togetherwith(和和一起一起)aswellas(和和一样一样)except/but(除了除了，不再有，不再有)alongwith(和和一起一

9、起)besides/inadditionto(除了除了还有还有)谓语动词只看主语谓语动词只看主语ratherthan(而不是而不是)2.当当pairof/kindof/typeof/sortof等作主语时等作主语时,谓语动词与谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致保持一致Thiskindofbananas_(taste)delicious.Thesepairsoftrousers_(fit)you.tastesfit注意：注意：主语为主语为a large quantity（amount)of+名词，名词，quantities(amounts)of+名词时，谓语动词根据主语中名

10、词时，谓语动词根据主语中心词心词quantity或或amount 的数决定。的数决定。vLarge quantities of water _ polluted.are3.3.当当分数、百分数，数量分数、百分数，数量+of+of+名词作主语时名词作主语时,谓语与该名词保持一致谓语与该名词保持一致 therestof剩下的，其余的剩下的，其余的mostof大多数大多数themajority/minorityof的大多数的大多数/少数少数plentyof大多数大多数halfof一半一半分数分数百分数百分数apartof一部分一部分allofAllofus_（have）attendedthelect

11、ureaboutPompeii.Mostoflecture_(be)abouthowtheancientcitywasdiscovered.havewas注意:population,number 1,population作主语时作主语时,谓谓(单数单数)分数等分数等+population时时,谓谓(复数复数)thepopulationofthatcountry_verysmall.seventy-fivepercentofthepopulationofChina_peasants.2,anumberof+名词复数名词复数(许多许多),谓谓(复数复数)thenumberof+名词复数名词复数(的

12、数量的数量),谓谓(单单数数)Anumberofstudents_(go)tothelibrary.Thenumberofstudents_40.isaregois一,谓语用单数,当主语是:1,单数名词,不可数名词 2,不定式,动名词,从句 3,不定代词(除both,all),(none,neither可单可复,后跟不可数名词,则只能用单数)4,a large quantity(amount)of+名词 5,many a/more than one+名词二,谓语用复数,当主语是:1,复数名词 2,由and或bothand连接并列主语时(and连接词表示同一 概念时;由and连接的两个并列名词由

13、each,every,no,many a 等词修饰时)3.成双成套的词(如trousers,pants单独做主语时,谓用单数,和pair连用时,谓取决于pair的形式)二二,谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式谓语动词根据中心词确定单复数形式,当主语是当主语是:1.当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语,如介词短语如介词短语,谓语动词的谓语动词的单复数只看主语单复数只看主语(如如with/togetherwith)2.当当pairof/kindof/typeof/sortof等作主语时等作主语时,谓语动词与谓语动词与pair/kind/type/sort保持一致保持一致3.当当分

14、数、百分数，数量分数、百分数，数量+of+名词作主语时名词作主语时,谓语与该名词保谓语与该名词保持一致持一致.(如如therestof,apartof)4.两个特殊的词两个特殊的词:population,number1)population作主语时作主语时,谓谓(单数单数)分数等分数等+population时时,谓谓(复数复数)2)anumberof+名词复数名词复数,谓谓(复数复数)thenumberof+名词复数名词复数,谓谓(单数单数)Fill in the blanks with the right form of the give verbs.(1)_(have)your class

15、mates finished their homework?(2)My friend and I _(want)to play outside after watching TV.(3)Most of the students _(prefer)English to Mathematics.(4)Collecting stamps _(be)one of his favorite pastimes.Havewantpreferis Exercise1.Alltheprofessionalpersonnel_invitedtoattendthemeeting.A.haveB.wereC.hasD

16、.was2.Everydoctorandeverynurse_anewhospitalforSARSpatients.A.hasfoundedB.havefoundC.expectstofoundD.hastobefound3.Thenumberofstudentsinthisschool_.A.isincreasingB.areincreasingC.isincreasedD.areincreasedBCA5.You,who_hisgoodfriend,shouldhelphimgetoutoftrouble.A.amB.isC.areD.was6.Apairofshoes_underthe

17、bed.A.wasB.wereC.hasbeenD.havebeen7.Manyastudent_thefilmnow.A.hasseenB.hadseenC.haveseenD.saw4.Thequestionswhich_toyoursarenoteasytoanswer.A.isthesameB.aredifferentC.islikeD.aresimilarDCAA8.Eachsoldierandeachsailor_athickcoat.A.aregivenB.wasgivenC.beinggivenD.weregiven9.Where_dirt,thereareflies.A.th

18、erehasB.isC.thereisD.thereare10.Aforkandknife_onthetable.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen11.Whenandwheretobuildthefactory_yet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecidedCAAB一一.时间金钱问题时间金钱问题基数词基数词+表表时间时间/距离距离/价值价值或或其他度量其他度量单位的名单位的名词时词时,谓语动词通常用谓语动词通常用单数单数形式形式,这是由于作主语的这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个名词在概念

19、上是一个整体整体.Tendollarsisapriceforthathat.Thirtymilesisnotalongdistance.如果把这些数量概念看作组成数量的个体时如果把这些数量概念看作组成数量的个体时,谓语谓语动词用复数动词用复数Tenyearshavepassedsincehecametothiscity.意义一致原则意义一致原则二二.书名书名,报刊名报刊名,戏剧句戏剧句,国家名国家名当此类名词或词组作主语时当此类名词或词组作主语时,常看作一个常看作一个整体整体,谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数形式形式.New York Timesisaverygoodnewspaper.TheUn

20、itedStateswasfoundedin1776.三三.冠词冠词The+姓氏姓氏+s：表示一家人，谓语动词用表示一家人，谓语动词用。复数复数The+adj：表示一类人，谓语动词用表示一类人，谓语动词用。复数复数TheBlacks(be)watchingTVnow.areThegood(be)happy.arethedead死人死人theliving活人活人therich富人富人thepoor穷人穷人thesick病人病人theyoung年轻人年轻人theold老人老人thedisabled残疾人残疾人theblind盲人盲人“the+adj.”指个人或抽象概念时指个人或抽象概念时,谓语用谓

21、语用_形形式式.单数单数 当主语是当主语是army,audience,class,crowd,band,army,audience,class,crowd,band,crowd,class,dozen,family,public crowd,class,dozen,family,public 和和team team 等集合名等集合名词时，如果表达整体概念，谓语动词用单数，如果强调集词时，如果表达整体概念，谓语动词用单数，如果强调集合里的个体，谓语动词用复数。合里的个体，谓语动词用复数。Our team _ very important to me.Our team _ now making t

22、heir way to Xinjiang.The cattle_ eating grass near the river.特殊4：集合名词 people,police,cattle 作主语时，谓语动词无论什么时候都应当使用复数形式。isareare四四.集体名词集体名词团队的词确定单复数团队的词确定单复数family单数单数classteamclubgroup家人家人同学同学队员队员成员成员组员组员家庭家庭班级班级队队俱乐部俱乐部组组复数复数指团队中的成员，就用指团队中的成员，就用复数。复数。指整个团队，就用指整个团队，就用单数。单数。团队的词确定单复数团队的词确定单复数Myfamily(be

23、)verysmall.isMyfamily(be)havinglunchnow.areThepolice_searchingthelostboy.are五五.单复数形式相同的名词单复数形式相同的名词sheepdeermeansaircraft等等根据具体意义决定根据具体意义决定Everymeans_beentried.=Allmeans_beentried.hashave意义一致原则要点总结意义一致原则要点总结一.时间,距离,金钱,度量衡二.书名,报刊名,戏剧句,国家名三.The+姓氏+s(一家人)The+adj(一类人)四.集体名词五.单复数形式相同的名词(如sheep deer)eithe

24、rAorBneitherAnorB就近一致原则就近一致原则notonlyAbutalsoBtherebeAandB或者或者A或者或者B既不既不A也不也不B不但不但A而且而且B有有A和和B谓语与最靠近的名词（代词）保持一致。谓语与最靠近的名词（代词）保持一致。Eitheryouorhe(be)right.isEitherheoryou(be)right.areBothyouandhe(be)right.Bothheandyou(be)right.arearebothAandB：两者都两者都，不适用就近原则。，不适用就近原则。就近原则就近原则Notonlythechildenbutalsothei

25、rfather(like)playingcomputergames.likesNotonlytheirfatherbutalsothechilden(like)playingcomputergames.like 就近一致原则总结 当用当用either either or or、neither neither nor nor、not only not only but but alsoalso 、whetherwhetheroror和和not not butbut连接句子主语时，连接句子主语时，采取采取 “就近原则就近原则”。（。（there be there be 句型也是就近原则）句型也是就

26、近原则）Either the team leader or the guides _looking after the students.Not only the guides but also the team leader _ looking after the students.There _ two pencils and a knife in my pencil box.areisare(1)_(be)your family a big one?(2)All my family _(get)up early in the morning.(3)Neither his father n

27、or his mother _(play)the piano.(4)The remains of the old castle _(be)destroyed in World War Two.(5)Not only Jim but also his Parents _(be)going to see you next Sunday.arewereplaysgetIs 1.Something_gonewrongwithmyTVset.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are2.Thisisoneofthebestfilmsthat_thisyear.A.isappearingB.appearC.

28、hasappearedD.haveappeared3.Halfofthestudents_madethesamemistake.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are4.Theold_takengoodcareofinourcountry.A.isB.hasC.areD.haveADBC5.SnowWhiteandtheSevenDwarfs_popularwithpeopleofallagessinceitwasmadeintothefirstfull-lengthcartoon.A.wereB.wasC.hasbeenD.is6.Allbutone_herejustnow.A.isB.w

29、asC.hasbeenD.were7.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth_sea.A.isB.areC.wereD.hasbeen8.NobodybutJane_thesecret.A.knowsB.knowC.haveknownD.isknownCDAA9.Thepolice_thelostboyallday.A.issearchingforB.aresearchingforC.searchesforD.search10.NotonlyIbutalsoshe_this.A.knowB.knowsC.amknownD.known11.Thenewsthats

30、heiscomingtovisitus_exciting.A.isB.wasC.wereD.areDBA13.Fiveminusthree_two.A.isB.areC.wasD.were14.Twentydollars_enoughforthecoat.A.isB.areC.wasD.were12.Thecrowd_fortheirlivesA.wererunB.wererunningC.wasrunD.wasrunningBAABBA15.Thefirsttwoquestionswereeasy,buttherestofthem_not.A.wasB.wereC.beingD.tobe16.EitherTomorI_toblame.A.tobeB.amC.areD.is17._goodexercise.A.ClimbinghillsisB.ClimbingthehillisC.TheclimbinghillsareD.Theclimbingofhillsare