高中英语语法专题指导课件-状语从句正式 (2).ppt

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1、高中语法专题（二）高中语法专题（二）状状 语语 从从 句句时间时间状语从句状语从句原因原因状语从句状语从句地点地点状语从句状语从句目的目的状语从句状语从句结果结果状语从句状语从句条件条件状语从句状语从句让步让步状语从句状语从句比较比较状语从句状语从句方式方式状语从句状语从句引导词引导词 when whenever as while before after until(till)since as soon as onceeach/every timenext timethe first timethe momentthe minuteinstantlyimmediatelydirectly(一

2、一就就)no soonerthanhardly/scarcelywhen1)when的用法的用法：sbwasdoingwhen正在做某事.突然发生另一件事sbbeabouttodowhen正要做.突然发生另一件事sbhaddonewhen刚做完某事.突然发生另一件事2.)几种特殊句型与强调结构的区别几种特殊句型与强调结构的区别：Itis/was+具体时间点+when那是在时发生的Itis/hasbeen+时段+since自从以来过了多久了Itwillbe/was+时段+before(现在时/过去时)要过/已经过了多久才Itis/was+时间状语+that就是在时间发生的某事，是强调句3).be

3、fore的用法：的用法：A：表“还未来得及就”B：表“过一段时间才”，4).在在notuntil结构中，谓语用短暂性动词，结构中，谓语用短暂性动词，“直到直到才才”;肯定句中谓语为延续性动词，用肯定句中谓语为延续性动词，用until表表“一直持续到一直持续到”。考查重点考查重点5)no soonerthan hardly/scarcelywhen 刚刚就就A.时态：主句用时态：主句用过去完成时过去完成时（had+pp）从句用从句用一般过去时一般过去时B.倒装：倒装：no sooner/hardly/scarcely放句首，放句首，主句主句要要 到装到装She had no sooner arr

4、ived at the station than the train started to move.No sooner had she arrived at the station than.He had hardly entered the hotel when it began to snow.Hardly had he entered the hotel when it began to snow1.Weweretoldthatweshouldfollowthemainroad_wereachedthecentralrailwaystation.(2004辽宁)A.wheneverB.

5、untilC.whileD.wherever2.Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when3.Simonthoughthiscomputerwasbroken_hislittlebrotherpointedoutthathehadforgottentoturniton.(2005北京春)A.untilB.unlessC.afterD.because4.TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears_theNorthwonintheend.(2005广东30)

6、A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.then5.-DidJackcomebackearlylastnight？(2005福建)-Yes.Itwasnotyeteightoclock_hearrivedhome.A.beforeB.whenC.thatD.until6.Wewereswimminginthelake_suddenlythestormstartedA.whenB.whileC.untilD.before(2004北京春)B B A B B Abecause,since,as,for,now(that),considering(that),seeing(that)考虑到鉴于

7、考虑到鉴于鉴于由于因为鉴于由于因为考查重点考查重点because,since,as,forbecause直接原因，非推断语气最强回答whysince通常放句首译为“既然”as不谈自明的原因，语气最弱for放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充说明。1.Parentsshouldtakeseriouslytheirchildrensrequestsforsunglasses_eyeprotectionisnecessaryinsunnyweather.(2004上海)A.becauseB.thoughC.unlessD.if2.Jennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotos

8、shehadshotatCanada,_thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.(2006广东)A.asB.ifC.whenD.where A A地点状语从句由地点状语从句由where.wherever引导。引导。where指指“在某个地方在某个地方”，wherever指指“无论哪里，在任何一个地方无论哪里，在任何一个地方”，在使用时：一要注，在使用时：一要注意两者的含义区别。二要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三意两者的含义区别。二要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词+which引导。出题者既考状引导。

9、出题者既考状语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这一干扰项。一干扰项。1.Ifyouaretraveling_thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown，pleasedoastheRomansdo.(2006天津)A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where2.Inpeace，too，theRedCrossisexpectedtosendhelp_thereishumansuffering.A.whoeverB.howeverC.whateverD.wherever(06江西)3.-M

10、om，whatdidyourdoctorsay？(2006四川)-Headvisedmetolive_theairisfresher.A.inwhereB.inwhichC.theplacewhereD.where D D D目的状语从句和结果状语从句目的状语从句和结果状语从句 引导目的状语从句连词有：引导目的状语从句连词有：in case,so that,in order that,for fear that。sothat引导状语从句只能置于主句之后。Inorderthat引导状语从句可放主句之前或之后。目的状语从句的谓语常含有can，could，may，might情态动词。这也是与结果状语

11、从句的一个区别。引导结果状语从句的连词有：结果状语从句的连词有：so that，sothat，suchthat.结果状语放在主句之后。注意：注意：在sothat，suchthat结构中一般成分齐全。这也是与as引导定语从句的区别。在soas，suchas这一结构中，as引导定语从句，在句中做成分。1.Rosesneedspecialcare_theycanlivethroughwinter.A.becauseB.sothatC.evenD.as(04全国卷I)2.Idliketoarrive20minutesearly_Icanhavetimeforacupoftea.(2005北京)A.as

12、soonasB.asaresultC.incaseD.sothat3.Youdbettertakesomethingtoreadwhenyougotoseethedoctor_youhavetowait.(2005广东)A.evenifB.asifC.incaseD.inorderthat4.Hisplanwassuchagoodone_weallagreedtoacceptit.A.soB.andC.thatD.as(2006陕西)B D C C if as/so long as as far as unless in case（如果）如果）suppose/supposing(that)Pr

13、oviding/provided(that)on condition thatgiven(that)条件状语从句一般考查三点：1)在条件状语从句中常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。2)if，unless，incase是考查重点。3)when还可表条件，这一点不可忽视。意思是：既然，考虑到。如：Howcantheylearnanythingwhentheyspendalltheirsparetimewatchingtelevision？他们把所有空闲的时间都用来看电视了，还能学到什么东西呢？1._youcallmetosayyourenotcoming，Illseeyoua

14、tthetheatre.(2004吉林)A.ThoughB.WhetherC.UntilD.Unless2.-Whatwouldyoudoifit_tomorrow？-Wehavetocarryiton，sincewevegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining(05全国)3.Youmustkeeponworkingintheevening_youaresureyoucanfinishthetaskintime.(2005安徽)A.asB.ifC.whenD.unless4._youvetriedit，youcantimagin

15、ehowpleasantitisA.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When(06北京)5.Intimeofseriousaccidents，_weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid，wecansavelives.(2006重庆)A.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless D B D A C 让步状语从句的连词有：让步状语从句的连词有：though/although“尽管尽管”，even if/even though“即使即使”，no matter how(what，when，which，who，where)，however(w

16、hatever，whenever，whichever，whoever，wherever),as“尽管尽管”1)although与与though可互换，都可以与可互换，都可以与yet，still连用，但不能和连用，但不能和but连用。连用。2)However引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。引导让步状语从句时后紧跟形容词或副词。3)While也可引导让步状语从句，这一点特容易被考生忽视。也可引导让步状语从句，这一点特容易被考生忽视。4)Whatever修饰名词，修饰名词，“无论什么无论什么”，however修饰形容词、副词，修饰形容词、副词，“无论多么，无论多么，无论怎么无论怎么”。5)ev

17、en if/even though(即使即使)与与as if/as though(好像好像)这两组学生容易混淆，这两组学生容易混淆，也是出题者关注的对象，平时要记准含义。也是出题者关注的对象，平时要记准含义。1._，Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.(04上海春)A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing2._Iacceptthatheisnotperf

18、ect，Idoactuallyliketheperson.(04江苏)A.WhileB.SinceC.BeforeD.Unless3.Youshouldtrytogetagoodnightssleep_muchworkyouhavetodo.(04湖北)A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whatever4.Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem，_difficultitwas.(05天津)A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverD.although5.Allowchildrenthespacetovoicetheiropin

19、ion，_theyaredifferentfromyourown.(05湖南)A.untilB.evenifC.unlessD.asthough6.Theoldtowermustbesaved，_thecost.(05浙江)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever7._hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge，theoldworkerhasalotofexperienceA.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although.(06全国卷I)C A A A B B Daslikeas if/as thoughthan/as注意省略

20、注意省略The project was completed earlier than(it was)expected.He worked as fast as a skilled worker(worked).Repeat this as often as(it)is necessary.Then see a doctor as soon as(it is)possible.Do you have to feed plants like you feed chickens?Do it like I tell you.（1）连词连词+过去分词过去分词Dontspeakuntilspokento.

21、Pressurecanbeincreasedwhenneeded.Unlessrepaired,thewashingmachineisnouse.（2）连词连词+现在分词现在分词Lookoutwhilecrossingthestreet.（3）连词连词+形容词形容词/其他常见的有其他常见的有 ifnecessary,ifpossible,whennecessary,ifany等。状语状语从句中从句的省略现象从句中从句的省略现象(08安徽安徽)Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes,Im going to visi

22、t some homes for the old in the city.A.If ever B.If busy C.If anything D.If possible考查省略句。此句的意思是：“你们为即将到来的假期做了特别的计划没？”“是的，如果有可能的话，我们将去拜访这座城市的老年之家。”ifpossible是ifitispossible的省略形式。剖析剖析tips由as,once，when，while，before，after，till，until引导的时间状语从句;由if，unless，whether引导的条件状语从句;由though，although，evenif，whatever引导的让步状语从句；由as，than引导的比较状语从句；由as，asif，asthough引导的方式状语从句都可以出现省略现象，当然应该遵循一定的规则。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句中的主语和系动词be.(1)He looked everywhere as if(he was)in search of(2)something.(2)The exhibition is more interesting than(it was)expected.(3)He opened his lips as if(he were)to speak.