中考英语语法专项-宾语从句课件.pptx

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1、Object Clause（宾语从句）英英语语句句子子的的种种类类简单句简单句(simplesentence)并列句并列句(compoundsentence)复合句复合句(complexsentence)英语句子概论英语句子概论简单句的五种简单句的五种基本基本句型句型Theweatherisverycold.主语主语+谓语（连系动词）谓语（连系动词）+表语表语Helaughed.主语主语+谓语（谓语（vi.）IlikeChinesefood.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+宾语宾语Shetaughtthemphysics.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+间接宾语间接宾语+直接宾语直接宾语Wemus

2、tkeeptheroomwarm.主语主语+谓语谓语(vt.)+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语1.Youdbetterstartearly,oryouwillbelate.2.Jimstudiedhardallthetime,andhepassedtheexamscuccessfully.3.Iknowwherehelives,butIdontknowtheexactaddress.4.Ihaveneverheardofthebook,soIknownothingaboutit.并列句并列句:简单句简单句+andorbutso+简单句简单句复合句复合句:主句主句+从句从句名词名词性从句性从句定

3、语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句1.TheboywhoisstandingoverthereisTom.2.Becauseitisraining,wehavetostayathome.定语从句定语从句状语从句状语从句3.Iknow(that)heisfromAmerica.（宾语从句）（宾语从句）名词名词性从句性从句-1.Shewonderedifthebuseswouldstillberunning.2.Thetruthisthatthefogistoothickforthebustorunthatfar.宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句 在功能上相当于名词在功能上相当于名词,在复合句中能担任

4、在复合句中能担任主主语、宾语、表语、同位语语、宾语、表语、同位语等等名词性从句：名词性从句：Object Clauses 宾语从句宾语从句什么是什么是宾语宾语？Iknowhim.Doyouhavethetime?Whydontyoupayattentiontome?Ienjoyworkingwithyou.宾语宾语位于谓语动词或者介词后位于谓语动词或者介词后1.Iknowhim.2.Iknowwhoheis.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾语语从从句句连接词连接词从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）句子做宾语就是宾语从句句子做宾语就是

5、宾语从句，跟在及物动词或介词后，跟在及物动词或介词后句子结构：句子结构：主句主句 +连接词（引导词）连接词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句宾语从句三要素宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语序序时时态态引导词引导词句子类型句子类型that陈述句陈述句一般疑问句一般疑问句If/whether（是否）（是否）特殊疑问词特殊疑问词特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 宾语从句的连接词：宾语从句的连接词：类别类别 关联词关联词 特点特点.从属连从属连词词that,whether/if只起连接作用，不充当从只起连接作用，不充当从句成分。句成分。.连接代词连接代词who,whom,what，which,whose

6、起连接作用外，还在从句起连接作用外，还在从句中充当主语或宾语或定语中充当主语或宾语或定语.连接副词连接副词when,where,how，why起连接作用外，还在从句起连接作用外，还在从句中充当状语。中充当状语。一、连接词（引导词）一、连接词（引导词）1.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是陈陈述述句句时时（包包括括肯肯定定句句和和否否定定句句），连连词词由由that引引导导，因因为为that在在从从句句中中不不作作任任何何成成分分，也也没没有有任任何何具具体体意意思思，因此在口语或非正式文体中因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略常省略vLinTaofeels(that)hisownteamisevenbette

7、r.vShesays(that)shewonttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday.宾语从句中的连接词宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下在以下三种情况下不能省略：不能省略：（1）当）当that从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，第二个第二个that不能省不能省；（2）当）当that作作介词宾语介词宾语时，时，that不可省掉。不可省掉。（3）用）用it做形式宾语做形式宾语的宾语从句的宾语从句Everyoneknewwhathappenedandthatshewasworried.Thereasonliesinthats

8、heworksharderthantheothersdo.IthinkitnecessarythatyoushouldreadEnglishaloud.2.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是一一般般疑疑问问句句时时，由由连连词词whether或或if引导，引导，“是否是否”，不能省略，不能省略vLilywantedtoknowif/whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag.vLetsseeif/whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity.a.当有当有ornot时就用时就用whether,不用不用if.Idontknowwheth

9、erornotIwillstay.b.介词介词后面的宾语从句不能用后面的宾语从句不能用if.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.注意注意whether和和if的使用区别的使用区别Practicetimeif/whether1.Iaskedher_shehadabike.2.Wereworriedabout_heissafe.3.Idontknow_heiswellornot.4.Idontknow_ornotheiswell.if/whetherwhetherwhetherwhether3.当当宾宾语语从从句句是是特特殊殊疑疑问问句句时时，由由疑疑问问词词（wh

10、at,who,whom,which；whose；when,where,how,why等等）引引导导，因因为为疑疑问问词词在在从从句句中中担担任任一一定定的的句句子子成成分分，具具有有一一定的意义，所以定的意义，所以不可以省略不可以省略vDoyouknowwhathesaidjustnow?vIdontrememberwhen/wherewearrived.vIaskedhimwhere/how/whyIcouldgetsomuchmoney.vPleasetellmewhowhomwhatwehavetosee.二、时态二、时态1.1.如果如果主句是现在的时态主句是现在的时态 ，从句的时态可根

11、从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）vIknowheliveshere.(live)vIknowhelivedheretenyearsago.(live)vIhaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.(come)TheteacheraskedIwaslatetoday.Doyoustillrememberhesaidinthemeeting?Doyouknowtheyarewaitingfor?Canyoutellmecountryyouarefr

12、om,AmericaorEngland?Ireallywanttoknowyourhometownis.Nooneknowstheyopenedthebox.what,which,who,whom,when,why,where,how,whatever,whoeverwhywhatwhom/whowhichwherehow2.如如果果主主句句是是过过去去的的时时态态，那那么么从从句句的的时时态态一一定定要要用用相相对对应应的的过过去去的的某某种种时时态态（包包括括一一般般过过去去时时，过过去去进进行行时时，过过去去将来时，将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）Iknewwholivedhere.(l

13、ive)Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.(talkwith)Hewaswonderingwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow.(comeback)Hesaidthathehadseenit.(see)3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用时用一般现在时一般现在时。vTheteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.(travel)1.Mikeinsistedthatwe_(be)lateforschool.2.Thedoctorordered

14、thatshe_(stay)inbedforafewdays.(should)notbe(should)stay注意：注意：在下列动词接在下列动词接that从句中用从句中用“should+动原动原”一个一个“坚持坚持”insist（坚持要）（坚持要）两个两个“命令命令”command,order(命令）命令）三个三个“建议建议”suggest,propose,advise四个四个“要求要求”request,ask,demand,require三、语序三、语序宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：主句主句连接词连接词+主语主语+谓语谓语+其他成分其他成分Imwonderingwhat

15、shewantstoeat.1.Whenwillhegotothelibrary?Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary.Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary.2.Whatdoeshewanttobuy?Idontknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy.Idontknowwhathewantstobuy.否定的转移否定的转移若主句谓语动词为若主句谓语动词为think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,guess,imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定等，其后的宾语从句若含有否

16、定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式用肯定式。Idontthinkthisdressfitsyouwell.Idontthinkyouareright.我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。我认为你是错的。我认为你是错的。Idontbelieveyoucanfinishtheworktoday.我认为你今天无法完成工作。我认为你今天无法完成工作。1.Wewonderhowweshalldonext.2.Couldyoutellmewherearetheyhavingapicnic?3.IamsorrythatIdo

17、ntknowyouwanttotakepartinthecompetition.whatdidntthey areExercise:correct or not4.Ididntknowthatyouwillcome.5.Hesaidthatheiswritingastory.6.Couldyoutellmewhenwillhearrive?7.YoucanbegintoseewhydoesEnglishhavesuchstrangerules._would_was_hewill_EnglishhasExercise:multical-choice1.Idontknow_wecanliveont

18、heislandwithoutfood.A.whereBwhatChowDthat2.Couldyoutellme_?Awhereisthepark?Bwhosonduty?Cwhosebookisthis?Dwhataretheydoing?3Theteachertoldusthattheearth_aroundthesun.AmovedBmovesCmoveDmoving4.IdidntknowthatMr.Smith_yet.A.hasreturnedBhasreturnedChadreturnedDreturned5.Wedontknow_theydidit.Wedontknow_th

19、eydid.A.howB.whoC.whatD.whichBBCCAC1.MissZengaskedwhywashelateforschool语序必须语序必须先主语后谓语先主语后谓语。主句为过去时，从句的时态用相应的过去时态。2.Idontknowwhatdidhedoyesterday.（WarmHome)hewasa.a.宾语从句的助动词要去掉宾语从句的助动词要去掉.主句为现在时，从句出现主句为现在时，从句出现yesterdayyesterday的过去时间，因的过去时间，因此从句用过去时。此从句用过去时。hedid3.DirectorYanaskedwhatthematterwaswith

20、her.4.MissHesaidthatthemoonwentroundtheearth.whatwasthematterwithhergoes 从句内容为从句内容为真理真理时，从句的时态用时，从句的时态用一般现在时。一般现在时。whwhatat在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑在这里既做引导词，也做主语。仍用疑问句语序。问句语序。whwho o.,which is.,which is同理。同理。6.Imconfidentthatyouwilldowellintheexamtomorrow.whetherb.只能用只能用whether:(1)与与ornot连用连用(2)不定式不定式前：前：wh

21、ether+todo(3)介词介词+whether7.Theyareuncertainthatifitwillturncoldornottomorrow.主语主语+形容词，宾语从句用形容词，宾语从句用thatthat引导引导.a.a.宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词。1.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis2.Canyoumakesure_thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAliceh

22、asputD.wherehasAliceput即时练习即时练习1.-Canyoumakesure_?-Sorry,Icant.ButIsawherjustnow.A.wheredidshegoB.whereshehadgoneC.whereshehasgoneD.wherewillshego2.Iwantedtoknow_.A.whatdidshesayB.whydoesshegotobedlateC.whyshewenttobedlateD.whyshegoestobedlateCC3.Heisnotsure_towatchTVorgotobed.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./

23、4.Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD./BBhowtodoit与与whattodo的区别的区别D7.-Couldyoutellme_?-Itsnexttothepostoffice.A.wherethesupermarketisB.whereisthesupermarketC.wherewasthesupermarketD.wherethesupermarketwasAcould表示委婉的语气表示委婉的语气,不是过去时不是过去时8.Couldyoutellme_it.A.whatcanIdoB.howcanIdoC.whattodoD

24、.howtodo特殊用法特殊用法59.Mike_bullyingothers_.A.thinks,isntrightB.think,isntrightC.dontthink,isright.D.doesntthink,isright若从句为否定句，主句谓语是若从句为否定句，主句谓语是think,believe,guess,suppose等词时等词时,要要否定前移否定前移D高考链接（09海南）CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?A.whoB.whatC.whoeverD.whatever（10四川）Howmuchoneenjoysh

25、imselftravelingdependslargelyon_hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.A.whatB.whoC.howD.why(10全国)Wehaventdiscussedyet_wearegoingtoplaceournewfurniture.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.where(10湖南)Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_shewassoangry.A.whereB.whetherC.thatD.why(10上海)Whench

26、anginglanes,adrivershouldusehisturningsignaltoletotherdriversknow_.A.heisenteringwhichlaneB.whichlaneheisenteringC.isheenteringwhichlaneD.whichlaneisheentering(11北京)BobhasgonetoCalifornia.-Oh,canyoutellmewhenhe_?A.hasleftB.leftC.isleavingDwouldleave(11山东)Weveofferedherthejob,butIdontknow_shellaccept

27、itA.whereBwhat C.whetherD.which19.Couldyoushowme_?A.howcanIgettothestationB.whereisthestationC.howcouldIgettothestationD.howIcanreachthestation20.Pleasetellme_.A.whatdoeshelikeB.whathedoeslikeC.whathelikesD.whathelike21.Mysistertoldhim_.A.whatdaywasitB.whenthetrainarrivedC.whoshewaswaitingD.wheredidyouliveCBD