雅思写作句子应对策略：2增加修饰成分ppt课件.ppt

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1、句子写作应对策略第二讲：增加修饰成分第二讲：增加修饰成分在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么一、简单的修饰成分一、简单的修饰成分v形容词、副词vThe relative importance of talent and training is a topic of discussion.vThe relative importance of natural talent and training is a frequent topic of discussion.vTeachers complain about this pr

2、oblem.vTeachers continually complain about this problem.v翻译练习：v所有孩子可以被教而获得技能。vAll children can be taught to acquire skills.v所有孩子可以被有效地教而获得不同的技能。vAll children can effectively be taught to acquire different skills.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v总体而言，我认为保持一个对于生活的清晰看法（keep clear pe

3、rspectives in life）的能力是获得幸福的一个因素。vOverall,I think an ability to keep clear perspectives in life is a factor in achieving happiness.v总体而言，我认为保持一个对于生活的清晰看法的能力是获得幸福的一个更加基本的因素。vOverall,I think an ability to keep clear perspectives in life is a more essential factor in achieving happiness.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪

4、费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v介词短语vA child can acquire these skills.vA child can acquire these skills with continued teaching and guided practice.v翻译练习：v但是这并不意味着人就不能够快乐。vBut this does not mean that people cannot be happy.v但是这并不意味着但是这并不意味着没有这些条件的没有这些条件的人就不能够快乐。人就不能够快乐。vBut this does not mean

5、that people without these conditions cannot be happy.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么二、相对复杂的修饰成分：非谓语动词二、相对复杂的修饰成分：非谓语动词v动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语vOverall,I think an ability to keep clear perspectives in life is a more essential factor in achieving happiness.vPeople is the most fundamental

6、 aspect to form the society.v翻译练习：v互联网是传播信息（convey information）的经济的途径。vThe Internet is an economic way to convey information.v现在，随着电脑的广泛使用，许多成年人感到学习电脑知识的迫切需要（the pressing needs）。vNowadays,with the wide application of computers,many adults feel the pressing needs to acquire computer knowledge.在日常生活中，

7、随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语v我们政府应采取更强硬的措施（stronger and harsher measures）来对付乱丢垃圾（littering）的行为。vOur government should take stronger and harsher measures to combat the littering behaviour.v不仅为了我们，也为了后代（future generations），政府和普通市民应该携手并肩（make concerted efforts）营造一个更为清洁

8、的环境。vGovernments and ordinary people should make concerted efforts to create a cleaner environment not only for us,but also for our future generations.v要成为一个身心健康的人，均衡的生活（a balanced life）是必要的。vTo be a physically and psychologically healthy person,one should lead a balanced life.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。

9、也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v现在分词作定语现在分词作定语v反对方持有令人信服的证据来支持他们的立场。vThe critics have convincing evidence to support their position.v青少年不断恶化的健康状况已经引起公众的关注。vThe worsening health condition of youths has been brought into public focus.v媒体有时发出误导性和欺骗性的信息。vThe media sometimes give misguiding and cheating m

10、essages.v太多游客涌入旅游景点对文物的保护构成潜在的威胁（potential risks）。vToo many tourists flooding the tourist attractions pose potential risks to the preservation of cultural relics.v人们很难就正在讨论的具有争议的话题达成一致（reach an absolute consensus on）。vPeople can rarely reach an absolute consensus on the controversial issue being dis

11、cussed.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v现在分词作状语vBy visiting museums,we can not only learn about our history and civilization,but gradually cultivate a sense of social responsibility,which normally stems from a clear understanding of mankinds history.v翻译练习v考虑所有这些因素之后，我们可以得出结论，义务兵役

12、制（compulsory military service）完全不可以接受。vTaking into account all the factors,we may reasonably come to the conclusion that compulsory military service is totally unacceptable.v汽车发出震耳欲聋的（deafening）噪音，释放出有毒气体，严重影响人们健康。vMaking deafening noises and emitting toxic gases,cars are affecting human life advers

13、ely.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v过去分词作定语过去分词作定语v根据新颁布（issue）的规定，许多行人被处罚。vMany pedestrians are penalized according to the newly issued regulations.v学生的不良行为似乎成了一个学生的不良行为似乎成了一个不断扩大的不断扩大的问题。问题。vPoor students behaviour seems to be an increasingly widespread problem.v过去分词作状语过去分词作状语

14、v如果要我选择的话，我将基于以下几点理由毫不犹豫地选择后者的观点。vIf asked to make a choice,I would not hesitate to side with the latter view.v由于被网络上的过度色情与暴力深深影响，有些青少年误入歧途。vDeeply influenced by excessive pornography and violence on the Internet,some teenagers go astray.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么三、最复杂的修饰成分

15、：从句（定语、状语从句）三、最复杂的修饰成分：从句（定语、状语从句）v修饰某个句子成分：vStudents who have spent some time earning a living or travelling to other places have a broader view of life and better personal resources to draw on.vI think this is less likely today,when academic qualification are essential for getting a reasonable car

16、eer.v修饰从句：vA person needs to know who he or she is before being able to know what it is that makes him or her happy.v修饰整个句子：vThey tend to be more independent,which is a very important factor in academic study and research.v区别：The solution to the problem of poor student behaviour lies with the famili

17、es,who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v翻译练习：v今天，我们考虑人类心理（human psychology）和精神发展（mental development）的方式很大程度上受基因科学（genetic sciences）的影响。vToday the way we consider human psychology and mental development is

18、 heavily influenced by the genetic sciences.v不可否认，通常以收集有艺术和历史价值物体自夸（boast）的博物馆在记录一个国家的历史中扮演了重要的角色。vUndoubtedly,the museum,which usually boasts a collection of objects of artistic and historical value,plays a vital role in recording a countrys history.v那些支持义务兵役制的人持有以下理由。vThose people who support comp

19、ulsory military service have the following reasons.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v均衡的食物摄入量、食物的多样性和积极的生活方式就是使人不会肥胖（overweight）的要素。vBalanced food intake,food diversity and active lifestyle are the only things that will prevent people from getting overweight.v那些回家做全职太太的妇女往往感到沮丧（de

20、pressed）、孤独和失落（frustrated）。vThose women who retreat to complete domesticity tend to feel depressed,isolated and frustrated.v动物园是个理想的研究中心，在那里科学家们可以在动物身上做实验，找出一些疾病的原因并研制出新的疗法（cure）。vThe zoo is an ideal research center where scientists can conduct experiments on animals to discover the causes of some d

21、iseases and develop new cures.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v许多国家大力投资旅游业的原因是因为旅游业带来大量外汇的同时又向世界展示本国璀璨的历史和文化。vThe reason why many countries invest heavily in tourism is that tourism can bring a lot of foreign currency and showcase the brilliant culture and history to the outside

22、world.v高科技行业比较接受跳槽（Job-hopping），这个行业比其他行业变化快多了。vJob-hopping is more accepted in the high-tech world,where things change more rapidly,than in other industries.v机器人被使用于许多领域，这导致了下岗人员（laid-offs）的激增。vRobots are employed in many fields,which leads to the sharp increase of laid-offs.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也

23、许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v1、表时间的状语从句vAfter/When he had finished his homework,he watched TV.vEach time arrives a day for festive glee,I think all the more of friends,close to me.v翻译练习v自从10年前西式快餐进入中国后，我们的饮食结构（dietary structure）发生了巨大的变化。vOur dietary structure has undergone drastic changes since wes

24、tern fast food was introduced into china a decade ago.v当仔细比较了在家工作的优点与缺点之后，最有力的结论就不言自明（self-evident）。vWhen the pros and cons of telecommuting are carefully compared,the most striking conclusion is self-evident.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v2、表示地点的状语从句v用where,anywhere,everywhere

25、,wherever引导。vWe will go where we are needed.v翻译练习v在空气污染严重的地方，许多人患有支气管炎（bronchitis）和哮喘（asthma）等呼吸道疾病（respiratory diseases）。vMany people suffer from respiratory diseases such as bronchitis and asthma where air pollution is serious.v人们喜欢在能充分发挥他们才华的地方工作。vPeople prefer to work where they can fully displa

26、y their talents.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v3、表原因的状语从句vbecause语气最强，He is beloved of all because he is honest.vsince比because轻，比as重，He didnt come since he was busy.vas语气最弱，常用于句首，用于口语。As I am ill,I wont go.v翻译练习v幸福很难定义，因为它对于不同的人而言意义不同。vHappiness is very difficult to define beca

27、use it means so many different things to different people.v政府应该给予这类家长的支持于资金资助，因为这不仅只是单个家庭的问题，而且是整个社会的问题。vThe government should fund this kind of parental support,because this is no longer a problem for individual families,but for society as a whole.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什

28、么v旅游业可能导致冲突，因为游客往往对当地语言和文化知之甚少。vTourism may give rise to conflicts because tourists usually do not know much about the local language and culture.v远程教育另小孩觉得孤独因为他们缺乏与同伴（peers）的面对面交流（face-to-face contact）。vTele-education makes children feel isolated because they lack face-to-face contact with peers.v由

29、于学生处于成熟期，做兼职工作可能令他们接触到一些社会丑恶现象（social ills），不能辨明是非，容易误入歧途。vSince students are in their formative years,part-time jobs may expose them to social ills at an age when they cannot differentiate virtue from evil and easily go astray.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v4、表目的的状语从句vSome sup

30、plies of water must be treated so that they can be used.vGrown people should never say or do anything wrong before children,lest they should set them a bad example.v翻译练习v应当制定更严厉的法律法规来降低青少年犯罪（delinquency）率。vStringent laws and regulations should be constituted so that the rate of delinquency will be l

31、owed.v教育学生和公众使他们明白野生动植物（wild life）保护的必要性是很重要的。vIt is important to educate students and the public so that they will understand the necessity for wild life preservation.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v5、表程度结果的状语从句vLaziness travels so slowly that poverty soon over takes him.v翻译练习v

32、教育费用快速增长，不少大学生不得不通过兼职来减轻父母的经济负担（financial strain）。vThe cost of education is rising so rapidly that college students have to take up a part-time job to relieve their parents financial strain.v英语使用得太广泛了，以至于对土著语言（aboriginal languages）构成潜在的威胁。vEnglish is used so widely that it poses potential risks to t

33、he aboriginal languages.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v6、表条件的状语从句 v常用if,suppose,supposing,provided(that),providing(that),on condition(that),in case(that),as long as,assuming(that),given(that),when等来引导，否定的条件副词从句常用unless（if not）引导vSo long as the heart is still beating and the blo

34、od hot,one should raise his head to be a real man-an upright man.vHarvard will be my first choice provided that my tuition is waived.v Only the time when mountain loses its peak,and river its water;when there are thunders in winter,and snow in summer;when the heaven and the earth combines into one,c

35、ould I separate with you.vGiven that she is interested in children,I am sure teaching is the right career for her.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v翻译练习v如果我们希望看到一直鼓舞着在这里生活和工作的人民的传统能够延续下去的话，保护、发扬和公开支持民族艺术和文化中丰富多样的遗产（heritage）是必要的。vIt is imperative that our national rich and diverse

36、 heritage in the arts and culture be preserved,enhanced and publicly supported if we are to see the continuation of a tradition that has inspired people living and working here.v如果一个人只学实践知识，他将落后于社会。但是如果他能够掌握研究的方法，他就能够用先进的技术不断更新（refresh）自己。vIf one learnt nothing except practical skills,he would also

37、fall behind the society.But if one could master the method of research,he would be able to refresh himself continuously with advanced technology.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v7、表让步的副词从句v让步副词从句常用although,though,no matter+wh-词,wh-词+ever,even though,even if,now that,notwithstandi

38、ng that,as,considering that,much as,while,whereas,if等引导vLearn whatever it may be,whenever you can,and wherever you will.vWhatever it takes,for you,I will fetch the moon.vHe will not reveal the secret though he knows it.vHe would not reveal the secret even though he knew it.vWhile forbidden fruit is

39、said to taste sweeter,it usually spoils faster.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v翻译练习v尽管互联网技术被广泛运用于课堂教学，但是传统教学的作用是不可替代的。vAlthough the Internet technology has found its wide application in classroom teaching,the role of traditional teaching can not be replaced.v虽然科学技术的进步给我们带来很多好处，但

40、同时也在某种程度上对人类生活带来负面影响。vThough scientific and technological advancement has brought us many benefits,it also produces negative effects on human life to some extent.v尽管研究者一直依赖动物实验的数据取得医学的进步，但是我们应该采取其他研究方法，因为在动物身上做实验很残忍、不人道（inhumane）且常常是不必要的。vAlthough researchers have depended on animal test data to ach

41、ieve medical advances,there should be other means of research because testing on animals is cruel,inhumane and often unnecessary.在日常生活中，随处都可以看到浪费粮食的现象。也许你并未意识到自己在浪费，也许你认为浪费这一点点算不了什么v8、表比例的副词从句vThe higher you climb up the mountain of knowledge,the more splendid the scenery spreads before you.v也可以有成反比

42、例的比例句：The more he reads,the less he understands.v主句的主语是代词不用倒装，主句主语是名词常常倒装：vKnowledge is like the spring water under ground-the deeper you dig,the clearer is the water.v翻译练习v他们花在国际新闻上的时间越多，用在其他基础学科上的时间就越少，而基础学科才是他们学习的重点。vThe more time they spend on international news,the less time is available for other basic subjects,which should be their priorities.v互动（interaction）越多，沟通与理解的层次越高。vThe more interaction,the higher level of communication and understanding.