2019_2020学年高中英语Unit4BodyLanguageperiod3LearningaboutLanguage课件新人教版必修4.ppt

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1、Period 3Learning about Language.用所给词的适当形式填空，并思考探究其与其逻辑主语之间的关系及在句中的功能1Yesterday,another student and I,_(represent)our universitys student association,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students.(与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，相当于非限制性_从句)2I stood for a minute _(watch)them an

2、d then went to greet them.(与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的主动关系，作_状语)3In the same way that people communicate with spoken language,they also express their feelings _(use)unspoken“language”through physical distance.(与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的_关系，作方式_)4Most people around the world now greet each other by _(shake)hands，.(与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上

3、的_关系，作介词_)5In general,though,_(study)international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads！(与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的_关系，作_)【答 案】1.representing;定 语 2.watching;伴 随 3.using；主动；状语4.shaking;主动；宾语5.studying;主动；主语So when the final exam comes near,you will find nobody 4._ c

4、arelessly in the schoolyard 5._ with each other or_6._ nothing.Everybody gets up early 7._ over their lessons and nobody sleeps late in the morning.In the 8._ room,everybody sits at the desk 9._ their attention on their books and in the 10._ hall,everybody eats their food quickly.【答案】1.approaching2.

5、satisfying3.studying4walking5.chatting6.doing7.going8.reading9fixing10.dining动词ing形式作定语和状语一、现在分词(短语)作定语现在分词(短语)作定语时，单个的分词一般放在被修饰词的前面，如果被修饰的是something，anything，everything，nothing等不定代词时，分词放在被修饰词的后面。分词短语一般放在被修饰词的后边，相当于一个定语从句。I hope to learn more about the activities going on there(that are going on the

6、re)我想更多地了解一下那里正进行的活动。(表示正在发生的动作)The factory making toys(that makes toys)is run by the neighborhood committee.制造儿童玩具的那家工厂是由街道委员会管理的。(表示习惯性动作)There were quite a few comrades wishing to join us(who wished to join us)有许多同志想参加我们的活动。(表示状态)单句语法填空The _(sleep)baby looks very beautiful.The man _(sit)in the ca

7、r is waiting for his daughter.The law _(carry)out is to ban drunken driving.【答案】sleepingsittingbeing carried二、现在分词(短语)作状语现在分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随情况等。1表示时间，作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句when/while doing形式强调其表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或几乎

8、同时发生。Walking in the street,I saw a friend of mine.While I was walking in the street,I saw a friend of mine.当在街上散步的时候，我看到了自己的一个朋友。2表示原因，作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句分词所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或几乎同时发生时，这时用分词的一般形式。分词表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，用分词的完成形式。Not knowing his telephone number,I couldnt get in touch with him.Because I

9、didnt know his telephone number,I couldnt get in touch with him.由于不知道他的电话号码，我无法和他取得联系。3表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句分词短语有时表示一种假设情况，相当于一个条件状语从句，这种情况下，有时在分词短语前加上if/unless，使条件更明确。Working hard,youll succeed.If you work hard,youll succeed.Work hard,and youll succeed.努力工作，你会成功的。4表示让步，作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句分词短语作让步状语，相当于一个

10、让步状语从句，有时分词前可带有连词although，whether，even if，even though。Admitting what she said,I still think that she hasnt tried her best.Although/Though/While I admit what she said,I still think that she hasnt tried her best.尽管承认她所说的话，但我仍然认为她没有尽最大的努力。5表示方式或伴随状语分词短语表示方式或伴随情况是比较常用的，它用来说明动作发生的背景或情况。一般情况下，分词所表示的动作和谓语动

11、词所表示的动作同时发生。它没有相应的状语从句可转换，但可以用并列句来转换。Children came into the room，singing and laughing.Children sang and laughed；they came into the room.孩子们又唱又笑地走进房间。6表示结果，作结果状语，相当于结果状语从句通常放在句末，中间有逗号隔开，表示一种自然的、顺理成章的结果。His parents died in the war，leaving him an orphan(so that he became an orphan)父母在战争中死亡，以致他成了孤儿。句型转换

12、(用非谓语结构变换句子)The storm left and has caused a lot of damage to this area.The storm left,_this area.Be careful when you cross the road.Be careful when _.Because she did not know that the traffic accident happened to her husband,she was waiting for him to have supper._that the traffic accident happened

13、to her husband,she was waiting for him to have supper.Because he is a student,he should study hard._，he should study hard.【答案】having caused a lot of damage tocrossing the roadNot knowingBeing a student三、现在分词(短语)作状语时应注意的问题1现在分词作状语时，要注意分词的时间性，即注意是用现在分词的一般式(doing)还是用完成式(having done)。当现在分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发

14、生或几乎同时发生时，用分词的一般式。当现在分词的动作先发生，而谓语动词的动作后发生时，用分词的完成式。Not having received any letter from him,I gave him a call.由于没有收到他的信，我给他打了电话。2语态性。现在分词的主动形式表明句子主语是分词动作的执行者，现在分词的被动式表示句子主语是分词动作的承受者。The child fell,striking his head against the door.小孩摔倒了，头碰到了门上。3主语一致性。现在分词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。Driving too fast,you will damag

15、e the car.如果开车太快，你会把车子弄坏的。4独立性。有时现在分词(短语)有自己的逻辑主语，它们之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，称之为独立主格结构。它在句中也作状语。It being a holiday,all the shops were shut.由于是假日，所有的商店都关门了。Class being over，children could play football.下课了，孩子们可以踢足球了。5有少数现在分词并不表示主语的动作，即不存在其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致的问题，只是表示说话人的态度。常这样用的有：generally/frankly/strictly.speaking 一般/坦

16、白/严格说来Judging from/by.从判断considering.考虑到supposing/providing.假设(使)Judging from what he has said,he is a doctor.根据他的话判断，他是位医生。6独立主格结构前加上with，就构成了复合结构。He fell asleep with the lamp burning.他没熄灯就睡着了。7动词ing形式作状语时，常将否定副词not置于分词前面。Not having finished the work,they had to work extra hours.由于没有完成工作，他们只好加班。8状语

17、从句转化为非谓语作状语时，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致，从句谓语含有be动词时，可保留从句的引导词。When getting to the top of the mountain,they found the sun was rising.当他们到达山顶时，发现太阳正在升起。9动词ing形式与过去分词的区别(1)语态不同：动词ing形式表示主动概念，与相关的名词或代词之间构成一种“主谓关系”。而过去分词表示被动概念，与相关的名词或代词构成一种“动宾关系”。(2)时间不同：动词ing形式表示“正在进行的动作”；过去分词表示“已完成的动作”。Seeing from the hill,you wil

18、l see the beautiful city.在山上看，你会看到美丽的城市。Seen from the hill,the beautiful lake is like a big mirror.从山上看，那个美丽的湖就像一面大镜子。单句语法填空Weather _(permit),we will go out for an outing._(consider)that the old man is old,he needs looking after.I cant fall asleep with the wind _(blow)outside._(ask)to work overtime

19、that evening,I missed a wonderful film.Not_(know)which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.【答案】permittingConsideringblowingHaving been askedknowing.用括号内动词的正确形式填空1The man with sunglasses_(stand)next to the car is a detective.2_(be)ill，he did not take part in the sports meeting.

20、3_(drive)his car around is his main hobby.4_(know)she had got injured，he hurried to the hospital to see her.5I counted the people_(enter)the theatre，and there were 547 of them.6_(not finish)her work in time，she was fired by the boss.7The girl died，_(leave)nothing to her parents.8_(get)up late this m

21、orning，Mike ran as fast as he could_(hope)to catch the bus.9The building_(build)will be a school.10All of us understood Mikes_(not admit)to Shandong University.【答案】1.standing2.Being3.Driving4.Knowing5entering6.Not having finished7.leaving8.Having got；hoping9.being built10.not being admitted.句型转换1The

22、 man who is speaking to the teacher is his father.The man _ the teacher is his father.2In the years that followed，he worked even harder.In the _ years，he worked even harder.3While he was waiting for the bus，he read a copy of China Daily._，he read a copy of China Daily.4Her mother died in 1990，and le

23、ft her with her younger brother.Her mother died in 1990，_ with her younger brother.5We travelled by train and visited a number of cities._by train,we visited a number of cities.6While you are crossing the street,you must be careful.While_ _ _，you must be careful.5If you use your head，you will find a

24、 way._，you will find a way.【答案】1.speaking to2.following3.While waiting for the bus4.leaving her5.Using your head.单句改错1Be ill,she didnt go to school today.【答案】Be改为Being2Seen nobody at home,I decided to come again later.【答案】Seen改为Seeing3Not known where my mobile phone was,I couldnt ring her up.【答案】known改为knowing4Turn to the right,you will find the place you want.【答案】Turn改为Turning5The storm left,have causing a lot of damage to this area.【答案】have causing去掉have