被动语态演示文稿.ppt

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1、被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出表现出来。来。被动语态：（被动语态：（1）vt有被动语态有被动语态(2)vi无被动语态无被动语态一一.主语主语+谓语谓语V +宾语宾语宾语宾语是被动句中的是被动句中的主语主语主语主语在被动句中由在被动句中由by引出引出.（省略）（省略）1.一般现在时一般现在时(1)主动：主语

2、主动：主语+V 原原主语主语（单三）（单三）+V+s/es(2)被动：主语被动：主语+am/is/are +doneEg:She allows me to go out.vt宾语宾语I _ _ to go out by _.am allowedher2.一般过去时一般过去时(1)主动：主语主动：主语+V+ed(2)被动：主语被动：主语+was/were+doneEg:I bought a book yesterday.vtA book_ _ _ me yesterday.was bought by3.一般将来时一般将来时(1)主动：主语主动：主语+will do(2)被动：主语被动：主语+wi

3、ll be doneShe will write a letter.Eg:A letter_ _ _by_.will be written her主动：主语主动：主语+be going to do被动：主语被动：主语+be going to be+done注意注意4.现在完成时现在完成时(1)主动：主语主动：主语+have/has+done(2)被动：主语被动：主语+have/has been+doneWe have cleaned the room.The room _ _ _ by _.has been cleaned usEg:5.过去完成时过去完成时(1)主动：主语主动：主语+had

4、done(2)被动：主语被动：主语+had been+doneHe had learned 200 words by the end of last week.Eg:200 words _ _ _by _ by the end of last week.had been learnedhim6.情态动词情态动词(1)主动：主语主动：主语+情态动词情态动词+do(2)被动：主语被动：主语+情态动词情态动词+be+done7.现在进行时现在进行时(1)主动主动:主语主语+am/is/are+doing(2)被动被动:主语主语+am/is/are being+doneThey are cleanin

5、g the room.The room_ _ _ by _.Eg:is being cleaned them8.过去进行时过去进行时(1)主动主动:主语主语+was/were+doing(2)被动被动:主语主语+was/were being+done二二.主语主语+谓语谓语V+间接间接宾语宾语+直接直接宾语宾语1.(1).give sb sth(2).pass sb sth(3).show sb sth(4).send sb sth注意注意(1)将将sb转变成被动句中的主转变成被动句中的主语语(2)将将sth转变成被动句中的主语转变成被动句中的主语,别忘别忘+to(5).teach sb st

6、h(6).tell sb sthLi Ping gave him an apple.Eg:(1).He_ _ an apple by _.was given(2).An apple _ _ _ him by Li Ping.Li Pingwas given to2.(1).make sb sth(2).buy sb sth(3).cook sb sth(1)将将sb转变成被动句中的主转变成被动句中的主语语(2)将将sth转变成被动句中的主语转变成被动句中的主语,别忘别忘+for注意注意Eg:She bought me a new skirt.(1).I _ _a new skirt by he

7、r.(2).A new skirt _ _ _ me by _.was boughtwas bought forher各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：情态动词：情态动词：一般将来时：一般将来时：现在进行时：现在进行时：现在完成时：现在完成时：过去进行时：过去进行时：S+am/is/are+P.PS+was/were+P.P.S+can/may/must/should+be+P.P.S+will+be+P.P.S+am/is/are+being+P.P.S+have/has+been+P.P.

8、S+was/were+being+P.P.He has to look after the little baby.主谓宾(受动者)The little babyhas to be looked after by him.改为被动语态Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed by his brother every day.各种时态

9、的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成 1）一般现在时：一般现在时：You are invited to do this.2）一般过去时：一般过去时：The story was told by her.3）一般将来时：一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.4）现在进行时：现在进行时：The question is being discussed in the meeting room.5）过去进行时：过去进行时：The new road was being made.6）现在完成时：现在完成时：The novel has been read.7

10、)情态动词：情态动词：The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there.1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them)in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：S(主语）主语）+am/is/are +过去分词过去分词2.They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them)last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：S+was/were+

11、过去分词过去分词3Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词过去分词4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词4.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finish

12、ed(by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词过去分词5.Some workers are painting the rooms nowThe rooms are being painted by some workers now.现在进行时：现在进行时：S+am/is/are+being+过去分词过去分词6We have made twenty more keysTwenty more keys have been made by us.现在完成时：现在完成时：S+have/has+been+过去分词过去分词7I was doing my

13、homework at 8:00 last night My homework was being done(by me)at 8:00 last night.过去进行时：过去进行时：S+was/were+being+过去分词过去分词1.Many people speak English.English2.He bought me a new bike yesterday.I A new bike 3.The boss made him do the heavy work.Heis spoken by many people.was bought a new bike yesterday.wa

14、s bought yesterday.was made the heavy work.for meto doA traffic accident _(happen)just now.happened2.连系动词连系动词（Link.v.)如：如：be,look,seem,feel,sound,smell,taste,get,turn,becomePeking Opera _(sound)beautiful.sounds3.当此动词表示当此动词表示事物的自然属性事物的自然属性的时候的时候:The pen _(write)very fast.writesThis kind of sweater _(

15、sell)well.sells1.不及物动词不及物动词（vi.)如如:happen,take place,appear,dissapear,不用被动语态的动词不用被动语态的动词：何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：说出动作的执行者时。例如：Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：执行者时。例如：My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。三、汉

16、语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有有人说人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如：It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如：例如：Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫来

17、的。叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：He was born in October，1989 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）3.I found the ti

18、cket on the floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.

19、was made to have can be used7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?Were many trees plantedMust be finished9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful s

20、tamps _ _ _ _.we were given were given to us10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.was asked is done12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.Y

21、ou must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.can be mended must be taken14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?is studiedIs talked by them1

22、.Large numbers of plastic bags _(use)in the supermarkets every day.2._ our country _(send)up another man-made satellite last year?3.Must the old people _(speak)to politely?4.Her grandma was still alive when he _(take)to the hospital.5.English _(speak)in many counties.are usedDidsendbe spokenwas takenis spoken6.Three quarters of the worlds books _(write)in English.7.This kind of sweater _(sell)well.8._ Lesson 50 _(teach)next week?are writtensellsWillbe taught